根据数据库中现有数据导出插入数据的insert语句

问题：给数据库中添加数据的sql文件没有了，怎么根据现在的数据库中表的数据导出insert语句呢？

解决：首先给网上查找了一些资料

sql2008 里面的所有数据类型
int,bigint,binary,bit,char,date,datetime,datetime2,datetimeoffset,decimal,float,geography,geometry,hierarchyid,image,money,nchar,ntext,numeric,nvarchar,nvarchar,real,smalldatetime,smallint,smallmoney,sql_variant,text,time,timestamp,tinyint,uniqueidentifier,varbinary,varbinary,varchar,varchar,xml,

select * from sys.all_objects

--得到表中的列名与是否是自增的,当colstat为1的时候是自增的
select name,colstat from syscolumns where id=object_id(N'T_User')

--
select name,DATA_TYPE,colstat from (select name,colstat from syscolumns where id=object_id(N'T_User')) as T1
    join (select column_name,data_type from information_schema.columns   
where table_name = N'T_User'  ) T2
    on T1.name = T2.COLUMN_NAME


--得到表中的列与类型
select column_name,data_type from information_schema.columns   
where table_name = N'T_User'  

select * from information_schema.columns   
where table_name = N'T_User'  


--获取当前数据库的用户表信息
select * from sysobjects where xtype='U' and category=0 
select * from sys.tables
select name from sys.tables


--查询本地拥有的数据库
--1
select name from sys.databases where database_id>4 
--2
select dbid, name AS DB_NAME from master..sysdatabases where sid <> 0x01 

　我做了一个WinForm窗口，效果如图：

cs代码部分（核心语句还是上面的sql语句）：

//返回已经有的用户创建的数据库
        /// <summary> 
        /// 返回已经有的用户创建的数据库
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>数据库名称列表</returns>
        private List<string>  GetDataBase()
        {
            List<string> dataBaseList = new List<string>();
            string connStr = "Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=master;Integrated Security=True";
            using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connStr))
            {
                conn.Open();
                using (SqlCommand cmd = conn.CreateCommand())
                {
                    //cmd.CommandText = "select name from sys.databases where database_id>4 ";使用这句返回的只有用户创建的数据库
                    cmd.CommandText = "select name from sys.databases ";
                    SqlDataReader dataReader = cmd.ExecuteReader();
                    while (dataReader.Read())
                    {
                        dataBaseList.Add(Convert.ToString(dataReader[0]));
                    }
                }
            }
            return dataBaseList;
        }

        //返回数据库中的表
        /// <summary>
        ///返回数据库中的表
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="databaseName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private List<string> GetDataTable(string databaseName)
        {
            List<string> dataTableList = new List<string>();
            string connStr = string.Format("Data Source=.;Initial Catalog={0};Integrated Security=True",databaseName);
            using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connStr))
            {
                conn.Open();
                using(SqlCommand cmd = conn.CreateCommand())
                {
                    cmd.CommandText = "select name from sys.tables";
                    SqlDataReader dataReader = cmd.ExecuteReader();
                    while (dataReader.Read())
                    {
                        dataTableList.Add(Convert.ToString(dataReader[0]));
                    }
                }
            }
            return dataTableList;
        }

        //返回数据库中某个表中的列
        /// <summary>
        /// 返回数据库中某个表中的列
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="databaseName"></param>
        /// <param name="dataTableName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private List<string> GetColumns(string databaseName,string dataTableName)
        {
            List<string> columnsList = new List<string>();
            string connStr = string.Format("Data Source=.;Initial Catalog={0};Integrated Security=True", databaseName);
            using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connStr))
            {
                conn.Open();
                using (SqlCommand cmd = conn.CreateCommand())
                {
                   cmd.CommandText = string.Format("select column_name,data_type from information_schema.columns where table_name = N'{0}'",dataTableName);
//                    cmd.CommandText = string.Format(@"select name,DATA_TYPE,colstat from (select name,colstat from syscolumns where id=object_id(N'{0}')) as T1
//                            join (select column_name,data_type from information_schema.columns   
//                            where table_name = N'{0}'  ) T2
//                            on T1.name = T2.COLUMN_NAME", dataTableName);
                    SqlDataReader dataReader = cmd.ExecuteReader();
                    while (dataReader.Read())
                    {
                        columnsList.Add(string.Format("{0}",dataReader[0]));
                    }
                }
            }
            return columnsList;
        }

        //返回数据库中某个表中的列与列的类型
        /// <summary>
        /// 返回数据库中某个表中的列与列的类型
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="databaseName"></param>
        /// <param name="dataTableName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private Dictionary<string,string> GetColumnsInfo(string databaseName, string dataTableName)
        {
            Dictionary<string, string> columnsList = new Dictionary<string, string>();
            string connStr = string.Format("Data Source=.;Initial Catalog={0};Integrated Security=True", databaseName);
            using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connStr))
            {
                conn.Open();
                using (SqlCommand cmd = conn.CreateCommand())
                {                    
                    cmd.CommandText = string.Format(@"select name,DATA_TYPE,colstat from (select name,colstat from syscolumns where id=object_id(N'{0}')) as T1
                                                join (select column_name,data_type from information_schema.columns   
                                                where table_name = N'{0}'  ) T2
                                                on T1.name = T2.COLUMN_NAME", dataTableName);
                    SqlDataReader dataReader = cmd.ExecuteReader();
                    while (dataReader.Read())
                    {
                        columnsList.Add(Convert.ToString(dataReader[0]),Convert.ToString(dataReader[1]));
                    }
                }
            }
            return columnsList;
        }

        //根据选中的表与选中的列生成Select命令
        /// <summary>
        /// 根据选中的表与选中的列生成Select命令
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="dataTableName"></param>
        /// <param name="selectedColumnsList"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public string BuildSelectCommand(string dataTableName, List<string> selectedColumnsList)
        {
            return "select " + string.Join(",", selectedColumnsList.ToArray()) + " from " + dataTableName;
        }

 当然，上面的几个方法完全可以封装到一个类里面，这样使用起来就更加方便了。

 于是，在原来的基础上，进行了改进，将有的部分封装成了类。这样层次性与重用性就更好了。

效果如下：

封装了一个DBHelper类与ItemHelper类，代码如下：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Data.SqlClient;

namespace ExportCommandBaseDB
{
    class DBHelper
    {
        public static Dictionary<string, string> colInfo;//表的列与对应的类型

        //执行命令
        /// <summary>
        /// 执行命令
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="databaseName">数据库名称</param>
        /// <param name="commandText">命令语句</param>
        /// <returns>字符串列表</returns>
        public static List<string> ExecuteCommand(string databaseName, string commandText)
        {
            List<string> list = new List<string>();
            string connStr = string.Format("Data Source=.;Initial Catalog={0};Integrated Security=True", databaseName);
            using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connStr))
            {
                conn.Open();
                using (SqlCommand cmd = conn.CreateCommand())
                {
                    //cmd.CommandText = "select name from sys.databases where database_id>4 ";使用这句返回的只有用户创建的数据库
                    cmd.CommandText = commandText;
                    SqlDataReader dataReader = cmd.ExecuteReader();
                    while (dataReader.Read())
                    {
                        list.Add(Convert.ToString(dataReader[0]));
                    }
                }
            }
            return list;
        }

        //返回已经有的用户创建的数据库
        /// <summary> 
        /// 返回已经有的用户创建的数据库
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>数据库名称列表</returns>
        public static List<string> GetDataBase()
        {
            return ExecuteCommand("master", "select name from sys.databases");
        }

        //返回数据库中的表
        /// <summary>
        ///返回数据库中的表
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="databaseName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static List<string> GetDataTable(string databaseName)
        {
            return ExecuteCommand(databaseName, "select name from sys.tables");           
        }

        //返回数据库中某个表中的列
        /// <summary>
        /// 返回数据库中某个表中的列
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="databaseName"></param>
        /// <param name="dataTableName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static List<string> GetColumns(string databaseName, string dataTableName)
        {
            string cmdText = string.Format("select column_name,data_type from information_schema.columns where table_name = N'{0}'", dataTableName); 
            return ExecuteCommand(databaseName,cmdText);            
        }

        //返回数据库中某个表中的列与列的类型
        /// <summary>
        /// 返回数据库中某个表中的列与列的类型
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="databaseName">数据库名称</param>
        /// <param name="dataTableName">表的名称</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static Dictionary<string, string> GetColumnsInfo(string databaseName, string dataTableName)
        {
            Dictionary<string, string> columnsList = new Dictionary<string, string>();
            string connStr = string.Format("Data Source=.;Initial Catalog={0};Integrated Security=True", databaseName);
            using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connStr))
            {
                conn.Open();
                using (SqlCommand cmd = conn.CreateCommand())
                {
                    cmd.CommandText = string.Format(@"select name,DATA_TYPE,colstat from (select name,colstat from syscolumns where id=object_id(N'{0}')) as T1
                                                join (select column_name,data_type from information_schema.columns   
                                                where table_name = N'{0}'  ) T2
                                                on T1.name = T2.COLUMN_NAME", dataTableName);
                    SqlDataReader dataReader = cmd.ExecuteReader();
                    while (dataReader.Read())
                    {
                        columnsList.Add(Convert.ToString(dataReader[0]), Convert.ToString(dataReader[1]));
                    }
                }
            }
            colInfo = columnsList;
            return columnsList;
        }

        //根据选中的表与选中的列生成Select命令
        /// <summary>
        /// 根据选中的表与选中的列生成Select命令
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="dataTableName">表的名称</param>
        /// <param name="selectedColumnsList">选中的列的列表</param>
        /// <returns>select语句命令</returns>
        public static string BuildSelectCommand(string dataTableName, List<string> selectedColumnsList)
        {
            return "select " + string.Join(",", selectedColumnsList.ToArray()) + " from " + dataTableName;
        }

        // 根据选中的列生成insert语句的格式
        /// <summary>
        /// 根据选中的列生成insert语句的格式
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="dataTableName">表的名称</param>
        /// <param name="selectedItems">选中的列的列表</param>
        /// <returns>语句格式字符串</returns>
        public static string BuildInsertFormat(string dataTableName,List<string> selectedItems)
        {
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            sb.Append(string.Format("insert {0}(", dataTableName));
            sb.Append(string.Join(",", selectedItems.ToArray()));
            sb.Append(") values(");
            sb.Append(string.Join(",", BuildValueFormat(selectedItems).ToArray()));
            sb.Append(");");
            return sb.ToString();
        }

        //根据选中的列生成value部分的格式
        /// <summary>
        /// 根据选中的列生成value部分的格式
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="selectedItems">选中的列的列表</param>
        /// <returns>value部分的格式</returns>
        private static List<string> BuildValueFormat(List<string> selectedItems)
        {
            List<string> listNumber = new List<string>();
            listNumber.AddRange(new string[] { "tinyint", "smallint", "bigint", "int", "bit", "decimal", "decimal", "numeric" });

            List<string> valueFormatList = new List<string>();
            int i = 0;
            foreach (string item in selectedItems)
            {
                if (colInfo.ContainsKey(item))
                {
                    if (listNumber.Contains(colInfo[item]))
                    {
                        valueFormatList.Add("{" + i++ + "}");
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        valueFormatList.Add("N'{" + i++ + "}'");
                    }                   
                }
            }
            return valueFormatList;
        }

        //完全可以只调用这一句话来导出。参数自己写就可以。
        /// <summary>
        /// 根据选中的列导出插入内容的insert命令语句
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="databaseName">数据库名称</param>
        /// <param name="dataTableName">表名称</param>
        /// <param name="selectedColumnsList">选中的列的列表</param>
        /// <param name="format">insert语句的格式</param>
        /// <returns>insert所有的语句</returns>
        public static string ExportInsertCmd(string databaseName, string dataTableName, List<string> selectedColumnsList,string format)
        {
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            string connStr = string.Format("Data Source=.;Initial Catalog={0};Integrated Security=True", databaseName);
            using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connStr))
            {
                conn.Open();
                using (SqlCommand cmd = conn.CreateCommand())
                {
                    cmd.CommandText = BuildSelectCommand(dataTableName, selectedColumnsList);
                    SqlDataReader dataReader = cmd.ExecuteReader();
                    object[] values = new object[dataReader.FieldCount];
                    while (dataReader.Read())
                    {
                        dataReader.GetValues(values);
                        for (int i = 0; i < dataReader.FieldCount; i++)
                        {
                            if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(values[i].ToString()))
                            {
                                values[i] = "NULL";
                            }
                        }
                        sb.AppendLine(string.Format(format, values));

                    }
                }
            }
            //对生成N'NULL'的进行替换
            sb = sb.Replace("N'NULL'", "NULL");
            return sb.ToString();
        }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Collections;

namespace ExportCommandBaseDB
{
    class ItemHelper
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 先清除comboBox中的所有项，然后将列表中的内容添加至其中,返回添加的项的个数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="comboBox">ComboBox控件名称</param>
        /// <param name="list">内容列表</param>
        /// <returns>添加的项的个数</returns>
        public static int ClearAndFill(ComboBox comboBox, ICollection collection)
        {
            //为了解决能接受List<Object>类型的参数，也能接受List<string>类型的，还能接收其它类型的参数
            //这里就使用了它们实现的统一的接口 IList
            //同理：CheckedListBox与ComboBox的继承自了ListControl类
            comboBox.Items.Clear();
            foreach (var item in collection)
            {
                //如果list是List<string>类型的，则可以这样使用comboBox.Items.AddRange(list.ToArray());
                comboBox.Items.Add(item);
            }            
            return collection.Count;            
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 先清除listBox中的所有项，然后将列表中的内容添加至其中,返回添加的项的个数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="listBox">listBox控件名称</param>
        /// <param name="list">内容列表</param>
        /// <returns>添加的项的个数</returns>
        public static int ClearAndFill(ListBox listBox, ICollection collection)
        {
            //为了解决能接受List<Object>类型的参数，也能接受List<string>类型的，还能接收其它类型的参数
            //这里就使用了它们实现的统一的接口 IList
            //同理：CheckedListBox与ComboBox的继承自了ListControl类
            listBox.Items.Clear();
            foreach (var item in collection)
            {
                //如果list是List<string>类型的，则可以这样使用comboBox.Items.AddRange(list.ToArray());
                listBox.Items.Add(item);
            }
            return collection.Count;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 先清除CheckedListBox中的所有项，然后将列表中的内容添加至其中,返回添加的项的个数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="chkListBox">CheckedListBox控件名称</param>
        /// <param name="list">内容列表</param>
        /// <returns>添加的项的个数</returns>
        public static int ClearAndFill(CheckedListBox chkListBox, ICollection collection)
        {
            chkListBox.Items.Clear();
            foreach (var item in collection)
            {              
                chkListBox.Items.Add(item);
            }
            return collection.Count;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 返回CheckedListBox选中的项的列表
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="chkListBox">CheckedListBox名称</param>
        /// <returns>勾选的项的列表</returns>
        public static List<string> CheckedItemsList(CheckedListBox chkListBox)
        {
            List<string> list = new List<string>();
            foreach (object item in chkListBox.CheckedItems)
            {
                list.Add(item.ToString());
            }
            return list;
        }

        //将CheckedListBox控件中的所有项全部选中
        /// <summary>
        /// 将CheckedListBox控件中的所有项全部选中
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="chkListBox">CheckedListBox控件名称</param>
        public static void CheckedAll(CheckedListBox chkListBox)
        {            
            for (int i = 0; i < chkListBox.Items.Count; i++)
            {
                chkListBox.SetItemChecked(i, true);    
            }
        }

        //反选
        /// <summary>
        /// 反选
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="chkListBox">CheckedListBox控件名称</param>
        public static void ReverseCheck(CheckedListBox chkListBox)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < chkListBox.Items.Count; i++)
            {
                if (chkListBox.CheckedIndices.Contains(i))
                {
                    chkListBox.SetItemChecked(i, false);
                }
                else
                {
                    chkListBox.SetItemChecked(i, true);
                }
                
            }
        }
        
    }
}

然后在窗体中，就是简单的调用了。

可以去这里下载整个解决方案http://pan.baidu.com/share/link?shareid=565860261&uk=523599052