一、类
1 class CocaCoca: 2 formula = ['caffeine','sugar','water','soda'] #类的变量（属性） 3 4 coke_for_me = CocaCoca() #类的实例化 5 coke_for_you = CocaCoca() 6 7 print(CocaCoca.formula) #类属性的引用 8 print(coke_for_me.formula) 9 print(coke_for_you.formula)
类属性与实例属性：
1 class Cocacola: 2 formula = ['caffeine','sugar','water','soda'] #类属性 3 4 coke_for_China = Cocacola() 5 coke_for_China.local_logo = '可口可乐' #创建实例属性（变量） 6 print(coke_for_China.local_logo)
方法：
1 class Cocacola: 2 formula = ['caffeine','sugar','water','soda'] #类属性 3 def drink(self): #self就是被创建的实例本身，self=coke 4 print('Energy') 5 6 coke = Cocacola() #创建实例 7 coke.drink()
1 class Cocacola: 2 formula = ['caffeine','sugar','water','soda'] 3 def drink(self,how_much): #其他参数 4 if how_much == 'a sip': 5 print('Cool!') 6 elif how_much == 'whole bottle': 7 print('Headache') 8 9 ice_coke = Cocacola() 10 ice_coke.drink('a sip')
魔术方法：__init__
1 class Cocacola: 2 formula = ['caffeine','sugar','water','soda'] #类属性 3 def __init__(self): #创建实例时自动执行 4 self.local_logo = '可口可乐' 5 def drink(self): 6 print('Energy') 7 coke = Cocacola() 8 print(coke.local_logo)
1 class Cocacola: 2 formula = ['caffeine','sugar','water','soda'] #类属性 3 def __init__(self,logo_name): 4 self.local_logo = logo_name 5 def drink(self): 6 print('Energy') 7 coke = Cocacola('可口可乐') 8 coke.local_logo
二、类的继承
1 class CocaCola: 2 calories = 140 3 sodium = 45 4 total_carb = 39 5 caffeine = 34 6 ingredients = ['High Fructose Corn Syrup', 7 'Carbonated Water', 8 'Phosphoric Acid', 9 'Natural Flavors', 10 'Caramel Color', 11 'Caffeine'] 12 def __init__(self,logo_name): 13 self.local_logo = logo_name 14 def drink(self): 15 print('You got {} cal energy!'.format(self.calories))
1 class CaffeineFree(CocaCola): #CaffeineFree为子类，CocaCola为父类 2 caffeine = 0 3 ingredients =['High Fructose Corn Syrup', 4 'Carbonated Water', 5 'Phosphoric Acid', 6 'Natural Flavors', 7 'Caramel Color', 8 ] 9 coke_a = CaffeineFree('Cocacola-FREE') 10 coke_a.drink()
You got 140 cal energy!
三、填充用户假数据
1.readline()方法、readlines()方法：
readline() 方法用于从文件读取整行，包括 " " 字符。如果指定了一个非负数的参数，则返回指定大小的字节数，包括 " " 字符。
readlines() 方法用于读取所有行(直到结束符 EOF)并返回列表，该列表可以由 Python 的 for... in ... 结构进行处理。返回列表，包含所有的行。
文本每一行前有一个空格：
1 txt = 'C:/Users/LKX/Desktop/runoob.txt' 2 with open(txt,'r') as f: 3 print(f.read()) 4 print('*'*20) 5 with open(txt,'r') as f: 6 print(f.readline()) 7 print(f.readline(5)) #指定字节数 8 print(f.readline()) 9 print('*'*20) 10 with open(txt,'r') as f: 11 print(f.readlines())
1:www.runoob.com 2:www.runoob.com 3:www.runoob.com 4:www.runoob.com 5:www.runoob.com ******************** 1:www.runoob.com 2:ww w.runoob.com ******************** [' 1:www.runoob.com ', ' 2:www.runoob.com ', ' 3:www.runoob.com ', ' 4:www.runoob.com ', ' 5:www.runoob.com']