Oracle常见故障问题

1. ORA-27102: out of memory

创建pfile文件：

create pfile from spfile；

修改pfile文件

修改文件/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/10g/dbs/initradius.ora

pga，sga 大小

使用pfile来启动数据库

startup pfile='/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/10g/dbs/initradius.ora';

从spfile同步pfile文件，

create spfile from pfile；

然后切换到root用户重启数据库

2.无法使用上下左右按键

yum -y install readline-devel ncurses-devel libtool*

下载解压安装

http://down1.chinaunix.net/distfiles/rlwrap-0.24.tar.gz

./configure  make &&  make install

vim /etc/profile

aliase sqlplus='rlwrap sqlplus'

3.打包

tar -jvcf oracle_mydradius.tar.bz2 /etc/ora* /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/security/limits.conf /etc/pam.d/login /etc/passwd /etc/shadow /etc/group /etc/profile /home/oracle/  /etc/init.d/ora10g   /ora  /etc/hosts /usr/local/rlwrap

4.CPU使用率高的查询方法                     

pid  735

SQL> select s.sid from v$process p,v$session s where s.paddr=p.addr and p.spid = 735;

       SID

----------

       149

SELECT SQL_TEXT from V$SQLTEXT_WITH_NEWLINES where HASH_VALUE = (select sql_hash_value from v$session  where SID = 149) ;

SQL> SELECT SQL_TEXT from V$SQLTEXT_WITH_NEWLINES where HASH_VALUE = (select sql_hash_value from v$session  where SID = 149) ;

SQL_TEXT

----------------------------------------------------------------

TimeByUserAgent(o.scalledno) = -1

 IS NOT NULL AND dExpireDate <= SYSDATE) )) AND pkg_util.hitFree

 SYSDATE AND (iBillType = 0 OR iBillType = 7) )  OR (dExpireDate

ain, iCurrFlow) = 0)  OR (dOverDate IS NOT NULL AND dOverDate <=

er.sp_flowUserFlowRemain(sUserName, iBillType, iIspID, fMoneyRem

pID, iCurrFlow) = 0)  OR (iBillType = 2 AND iType !=3 AND pkg_us

pkg_user.sp_userFlowRemain(sUserName, dFirstDate, iBillType, iIs

ctets + o.fOutputMOctets )  OR (iBillType = 0 AND iType !=3 AND

         OR (iBillType = 5 AND iType !=3 AND fMoneyRemain <= o.fInputMO

Users WHERE               ( (iStatus <= 0 AND iStatus != -4)

lineRecord o WHERE sUserName IN (        SELECT sUserName FROM tbl_

SQL_TEXT

----------------------------------------------------------------

medIP,  pkg_util.iip_to_aip(iFramedIP) AS aFramedIP     FROM tbl_On

iNasIP) AS cNasIP,              pkg_util.iip_to_cip(iFramedIP) AS cFra

SELECT iNasPort, sUserName, sSessionID,     pkg_util.iip_to_cip(

14 rows selected.

----------------

可以直接使用

SELECT sql_text FROM v$sqltext a WHERE (a.hash_value, a.address) IN (SELECT decode(sql_hash_value, 0, prev_hash_value, sql_hash_value), decode(sql_hash_value, 0, prev_sql_addr, sql_address) FROM v$session b WHERE b.paddr = (SELECT addr FROM v$process c WHERE c.spid = '3127')) ORDER BY piece ASC;

----------------

5.11G密码有效期问题

Oracle 11G需要修改

设置密码永不过期

Oracle11g R2数据库提示ORA-28002: the password will expire within 5 days，

SELECT * FROM dba_profiles s WHERE s.profile='DEFAULT' AND resource_name='PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME';  //查看有效期

ALTER PROFILE DEFAULT LIMIT PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME UNLIMITED;    //设置密码永不失效

alter user joffice identified by joffice;    //修改密码

6.无法删除一个用户

1.无法删除一个用户

ORA-24170: MYDRADIUS.PRIMARY_QUEUE_R is created by AQ, cannot be dropped

方法：

    ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS = '25475 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 2';

    drop user mydradius cascade;

ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1

     方法：

alter   session   set   events'10851   trace   name   context   forever,level   1' ;

7.修改字符集方法                                           

查看oracle的字符集

select userenv('language') from dual;

结果：AMERICAN _ AMERICA. ZHS16GBK

修改字符集:

shutdown immediate;

startup mount;

alter system enable restricted session;

alter system set job_queue_processes=0;

alter database open;

alter database character set internal_use US7ASCII;

alter database character set internal_use zhs16gbk;

shutdown immediate;

startup;

8.查看utf-8出现乱码

NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.utf8"; export NLS_LANG

添加次环境变量

9.查看连接数和会话数并修改                                          

select count(*),program, machine,osuser from v$session group by program,machine,osuser having count(*) >1;

各个客户端当前连接数

select count(0) from v$process;

当前连接数

select count(*) from v$session;

当前会话数

select value from v$parameter where name='processes';

show parameter process

系统设置的最大连接数

show parameter session

系统设置的最大会话数

alter system set processes=500 scope=spfile;

修改最大连接数

alter system set sessions=500 scope=spfile;

修改最大会话数

连接和会话修改后必须重启才能生效，他们之间的关系 sessions=(1.1 * processes + 5)

10.修改可使用内存SGA和链接使用内存PGA

SQL> show parameter sga_                           //查看内存分配

NAME                    TYPE VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

sga_max_size                big integer 1120M

sga_target                  big integer 1120M

alter system set sga_max_size=1024M scope=spfile;    

alter system set sga_target=1024M scope=spfile;        无法动态修改,需要重启oracle

11.Oracle使用sql文件导入数据的乱码

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

加入环境变量 /etc/profile