Linux下MYSQL 5.6 源码安装
1 操作系统配置
1.1 RAID 配置
建议使用RAID 10，生产环境建议使用物理机，最好使用SSD。
RAID相关参数推荐设置如下：
1、Write Policy设置为WriteBack（WB）.
2、Read Policy设置为ReadAdaptive或者normal，数据库服务器不建议设置ReadAhead.
3、IO Policy设置为Direct .
1.2 最大打开文件数|进程数
# vim /etc/security/limits.conf * soft nofile 65535 * hard nofile 65535 * soft nproc 65535 * hard nproc 65535
1.3 关闭NUMA
1、可以在bios中关闭（物理机推荐使用这种方式进行修改）；
2、/etc/grub.conf的kernel行最后添加numa=off和/boot/grub/grub.conf 2个文件都要改，最后添加numa=off。
1.4 内核参数优化
# vim /etc/sysctl.conf fs.file-max = 65536 vm.min_free_kbytes = 1048576 vm.swappiness = 10 vm.dirty_ratio = 10 vm.vfs_cache_pressure=150 vm.dirty_ratio = 10 vm.overcommit_memory = 1 vm.drop_caches = 1 kernel.panic = 60 net.core.somaxconn = 8192 net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 8192 vm.zone_reclaim_mode = 0
1.5 IO调度算法
推荐使用deadline或者noop调度算法。
命令如下（临时生效）：
# echo {SCHEDULER-NAME} > /sys/block/{DEVICE-NAME}/queue/scheduler
DEVICE-NAME: 如sda、sdb等
然后在/etc/rc.local中加入
echo {SCHEDULER-NAME} > /sys/block/{DEVICE-NAME}/queue/scheduler
1.6 关闭THP
# echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled # echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag
然后在/etc/rc.local中加入
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag
2 数据库安装
2.1 安装系统依赖包
# yum install -y nc rsync screen lrzsz expect cmake make gcc gcc-c++ perl bison bc thread libaio libaio-devel zlib zlib-devel nc python python-devel cmake ncurses-devel scurses sysstat perl-ExtUtils-CBuilder perl-CPAN perl-Log-Dispatch perl-Config-Tiny perl-Parallel-ForkManager perl-Config-IniFiles
2.2 创建用户
# groupadd mysql # useradd -g mysql mysql
2.3目录规划
数据文件目录:/u02/my3306/data
日志文件目录:/u02/my3306/log/iblog
binlog日志目录: /u02/my3306/log/binlog
临时目录: /u02/my3306/tmp
运行目录: /u02/my3306/run
# mkdir -p /data/my3306 # mkdir -p /u02/my3306/data # mkdir -p /u02/my3306/log/iblog # mkdir -p /u02/my3306/log/binlog # mkdir -p /u02/my3306/tmp # mkdir -p /u02/my3306/run# chown -R mysql:mysql /u02/my3306
2.4解压编译
# tar zxvf mysql-5.6.35.tar.gz # cd mysql-5.6.35/ # cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql5.6 -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 # make # make install
2.5 创建参数文件
# vim /u02/my3306/my.cnf [client] port=3306 default-character-set=utf8mb4 socket=/u02/my3306/mysql.sock [mysql] pid_file=/u02/my3306/run/mysqld.pid default-character-set=utf8mb4 no-auto-rehash [mysqld] default-time-zone = '+8:00' character-set-server = utf8mb4 collation-server = utf8mb4_general_ci autocommit=1 general_log=off explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
# GTID gtid-mode = ON enforce_gtid_consistency = 1 log_slave_updates = 1 # system basedir=/usr/local/mysql5.6 datadir=/u02/my3306/data max_allowed_packet=1g max_connections=3000 max_user_connections=2800 open_files_limit=65535 pid_file=/u02/my3306/run/mysqld.pid port=3306 server_id=20633306 skip_name_resolve=ON socket=/u02/my3306/run/mysql.sock tmpdir=/u02/my3306/tmp query_cache_type = 0 query_cache_size = 0 read-buffer-size = 32M #binlog log_bin=/u02/my3306/log/binlog/binlog binlog_cache_size=32768 binlog_format=row expire_logs_days=7 log_slave_updates=ON max_binlog_cache_size=2147483648 max_binlog_size=524288000 sync_binlog=100 #logging log_error=/u02/my3306/log/error.log slow_query_log_file=/u02/my3306/log/slow.log log_queries_not_using_indexes=0 slow_query_log=1 log_slave_updates=ON log_slow_admin_statements=1 long_query_time=1 #记录下所有走全表扫描的SQL log-queries-not-using-indexes = 0 #relay relay_log=/u02/my3306/log/relaylog relay_log_index=/u02/my3306/log/relay.index relay_log_info_file=/u02/my3306/log/relay-log.info #slave slave_load_tmpdir=/u02/my3306/tmp slave_skip_errors=OFF #innodb innodb_data_home_dir=/u02/my3306/log/iblog innodb_log_group_home_dir=/u02/my3306/log/iblog innodb_adaptive_flushing=ON innodb_adaptive_hash_index=ON innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=1 innodb_buffer_pool_instances=8 innodb_change_buffering=inserts innodb_checksums=ON innodb_buffer_pool_size= 4G #根据机器实际内存配置 innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:1024M:autoextend innodb_doublewrite=ON innodb_file_format=Barracuda innodb_file_per_table=ON innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1 innodb_flush_method=O_DIRECT innodb_io_capacity=1000 innodb_lock_wait_timeout=10 innodb_log_buffer_size=67108864 innodb_log_file_size=1048576000 innodb_log_files_in_group=4 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct=75 innodb_open_files=60000 innodb_purge_threads=1 innodb_read_io_threads=4 innodb_stats_on_metadata=OFF innodb_support_xa=ON innodb_use_native_aio=OFF innodb_write_io_threads=10 [mysqld_safe] datadir=/u02/my3306/data # chown -R mysql.mysql /u02
2.6 初始化数据库
# cd /usr/local/mysql5.6 # ./scripts/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/u02/my3306/my.cnf --datadir=/u02/my3306/data --user=mysql
2.7 启动数据库
su - mysql -c "/usr/local/mysql5.6/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/u02/my3306/my.cnf &"
2.8 初始化用户,删除test库
# /usr/local/mysql5.6/bin/mysql -uroot -p -S /u02/my3306/run/mysql.sock -e "delete from mysql.user where user='';" Enter password: ===>直接Enter mysql> set password=password('xxxxxxx'); mysql> drop database test; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
2.9 登陆数据库
/usr/local/mysql5.6/bin/mysql -uroot -p -S /u02/my3306/run/mysql.sock #然后回车输入root用户密码即可
2.10 关闭数据库
/usr/local/mysql5.6/bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p -S /u02/my3306/run/mysql.sock shutdown