CAShapeLayer

一、CAShapeLayer的作用和优点

　　可以通过矢量图形而不是bitmap来绘制的图层子类。你指定诸如颜色和线宽等属性，用CGPath来定义想要绘制的图形

　　你也可以用Core Graphics直接向原始的CALyer的内容中绘制一个路径，相比直下，使用CAShapeLayer有以下一些优点：

• 渲染快速。CAShapeLayer使用了硬件加速，绘制同一图形会比用Core Graphics快很多。
• 高效使用内存。一个CAShapeLayer不需要像普通CALayer一样创建一个寄宿图形，所以无论有多大，都不会占用太多的内存。
• 不会被图层边界剪裁掉。一个CAShapeLayer可以在边界之外绘制。你的图层路径不会像在使用Core Graphics的普通CALayer一样被剪裁掉（如我们在第二章所见）。
• 不会出现像素化。当你给CAShapeLayer做3D变换时，它不像一个有寄宿图的普通图层一样变得像素化。

二、实际例子

　　

三、上面的例子是二维码扫描界面，界面中需要一个中间透明的提示框，以及四个直角的标记，可以通过CASharpLayer来实现

　　中间的透明可以通过UIview的maskLayer来进行掩码实现

　　四个角的黄线通过CASharpLayer来实现

　　

- (void)addOverlay
{
　　//innerrect就是中空的frame
    CGRect innerRect = [self getInnerRect];
    UIBezierPath *path = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithRoundedRect:CGRectMake(0, 0, self.bounds.size.width, self.bounds.size.height) cornerRadius:0];
    UIBezierPath *circlePath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithRoundedRect:innerRect
                                                          cornerRadius:0];
    [path appendPath:circlePath];
    [path setUsesEvenOddFillRule:YES];
    
    CAShapeLayer *fillLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
    fillLayer.path = path.CGPath;
    fillLayer.fillRule = kCAFillRuleEvenOdd;
    fillLayer.fillColor = [UIColor blackColor].CGColor;
    fillLayer.opacity = 0.5;
    [self.layer addSublayer:fillLayer];
    
    _maskLayer = fillLayer;
    
    
    _overlay = [[CAShapeLayer alloc] init];
    _overlay.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor].CGColor;
    _overlay.fillColor       = [UIColor clearColor].CGColor;
    _overlay.strokeColor     = [UIColor yellowColor].CGColor;
    _overlay.lineWidth       = 3;

    
    innerRect = CGRectInset(innerRect, -_overlay.lineWidth/2, -_overlay.lineWidth/2);
    CGFloat lineLength = 20;
    UIBezierPath *cornerPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
    
    //left-top corner
    CGPoint leftTop = CGPointMake(innerRect.origin.x, innerRect.origin.y);
    [cornerPath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(leftTop.x, leftTop.y + lineLength)];
    [cornerPath addLineToPoint:leftTop];
    [cornerPath addLineToPoint:CGPointMake(leftTop.x + lineLength, leftTop.y)];
    
    //right-top corner
    CGPoint rightTop = CGPointMake(innerRect.origin.x + innerRect.size.width, innerRect.origin.y);
    [cornerPath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(rightTop.x - lineLength, rightTop.y)];
    [cornerPath addLineToPoint:rightTop];
    [cornerPath addLineToPoint:CGPointMake(rightTop.x, rightTop.y + lineLength)];
    
    //right-bottom corner
    CGPoint rightBottom = CGPointMake(innerRect.origin.x + innerRect.size.width,
                                      innerRect.origin.y + innerRect.size.height);
    [cornerPath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(rightBottom.x, rightBottom.y - lineLength)];
    [cornerPath addLineToPoint:rightBottom];
    [cornerPath addLineToPoint:CGPointMake(rightBottom.x - lineLength, rightBottom.y)];

    //left-bottom corner
    CGPoint leftBottom =  CGPointMake(innerRect.origin.x,
                                      innerRect.origin.y + innerRect.size.height);
    [cornerPath moveToPoint:CGPointMake(leftBottom.x + lineLength, leftBottom.y)];
    [cornerPath addLineToPoint:leftBottom];
    [cornerPath addLineToPoint:CGPointMake(leftBottom.x, leftBottom.y - lineLength)];

    _overlay.path = cornerPath.CGPath;
    [self.layer addSublayer:_overlay];
}