.net调用web Service时集合序列化的解决方案

在.net中调用Web Service时，如果要返回一个集合，一般使用Dataset或DataTable(Framework　2.0后DataTable也可以序列化了）

DataSet的优势是可以与XML实现自由转换，可以被.net以外的其他平台调用。

可以参考MSDN:通过 XML Web Services 使用数据集 (ADO.NET) http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/s5xy331f.aspx

遗憾的是，如果客户端无法传递特定序列化的集合，如自定义的对象集合。

曾经看到萤火虫这样用：XmlSerializer 序列化实体类来操作xml文件 http://www.cnblogs.com/Marvel/archive/2009/01/20/1379041.html

以前有做法是转化为DataSet,今天试了下，发现可以不用DataSet也可以实现WebSercice传递序列集合。

新建一个web service,并建一个三个类：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections;
using System.Xml;

namespace DemoListsByWebService
{
    #region Area
    public class Area
    {
        private string m_Area_ID;
        /// <summary>
        /// Area_ID
        /// </summary>
        public string Area_ID
        {
            get { return m_Area_ID; }
            set { m_Area_ID = value; }
        }

        private string m_Area_Name;
        /// <summary>
        /// Area_Name
        /// </summary>
        public string Area_Name
        {
            get { return m_Area_Name; }
            set { m_Area_Name = value; }
        }
        private double m_Area_Order;
        /// <summary>
        /// Area_Order
        /// </summary>
        public double Area_Order
        {
            get { return m_Area_Order; }
            set { m_Area_Order = value; }
        }
      
    }
    #endregion

    #region AreaCollection
    [Serializable]
    public class AreaCollection : CollectionBase
    {
        public AreaCollection()
        {
        }

        public AreaCollection(Area[] value)
        {

        }

        public Area this[int index]
        {
            get { return ((Area)(this.List[index])); }
        }

        public int Add(Area value)
        {
            return this.List.Add(value);
        }

        public void AddRange(Area[] value)
        {
            for (int i = 0; (i < value.Length); i = (i + 1))
            {
                this.Add(value[i]);
            }
        }

        public void AddRange(AreaCollection value)
        {
            for (int i = 0; (i < value.Count); i = (i + 1))
            {
                this.Add((Area)value.List[i]);
            }
        }

        public bool Contains(Area value)
        {
            return this.List.Contains(value);
        }

        public void CopyTo(Area[] array, int index)
        {
            this.List.CopyTo(array, index);
        }

        public int IndexOf(Area value)
        {
            return this.List.IndexOf(value);
        }

        public void Insert(int index, Area value)
        {
            List.Insert(index, value);
        }

        public void Remove(Area value)
        {
            List.Remove(value);
        }

        private int _maxItems = 0;
        public int MaxItems
        {
            get { return this._maxItems; }
            set { this._maxItems = value; }
        }

        public Area FindByID(string id)
        {
            for (int i = 0; (i < Count); i++)
            {
                if (this[i].Area_ID == id)
                {
                    return this[i];
                }

            }
            return null;
        }

        public string FindNameByID(string id)
        {
            for (int i = 0; (i < Count); i++)
            {
                if (this[i].Area_ID == id)
                {
                    return this[i].Area_Name;
                }

            }
            return null;
        }

        public string FindIDByName(string cateName)
        {
            for (int i = 0; (i < Count); i++)
            {
                Area tempArea = this[i];

                if (tempArea.Area_Name.Trim() == cateName.Trim())
                {
                    return tempArea.Area_ID;
                }

            }
            return null;
        }

       
    }
    [Serializable]
    public class AreaLists : List<Area>
    {
        //Extend your properties and methods by Tony . for more  Help to
        //http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/s6hkc2c4.aspx
        private int _maxItems = 0;
        public int MaxItems { get { return this._maxItems; } set { this._maxItems = value; } }
    }
    #endregion

   

}

注意对象集合必须添加属性 [Serializable]

再建一测试方法：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Web;

namespace DemoListsByWebService
{
    public class MyMethods
    {
        #region Methods
        public static AreaLists GetTestArea()
        {
            AreaLists al = new AreaLists();
            for (int i = 1; i < 11; i++)
            {
                Area a = new Area();
                a.Area_ID = i.ToString();
                a.Area_Name = "第" + i.ToString() + "名";
                al.Add(a);
            }
            return al;
        }

        public static AreaCollection GetTestAreaCollection()
        {
            AreaCollection al = new AreaCollection();
            for (int i = 1; i < 11; i++)
            {
                Area a = new Area();
                a.Area_ID = i.ToString();
                a.Area_Name = "第" + i.ToString() + "名";
                al.Add(a);
            }
            return al;
        }
        #endregion
    }
}

web Service提供的方法：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Services;

namespace DemoListsByWebService
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Summary description for Service1
    /// </summary>
    [WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")]
    [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
    [System.ComponentModel.ToolboxItem(false)]
    public class Service1 : System.Web.Services.WebService
    {

        [WebMethod(Description = "Get Areas")]
        public AreaLists GetTestArea()
        {
           
            try
            {
                AreaLists ac = MyMethods.GetTestArea();
                return ac;
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                return null;
            }
        }

        [WebMethod(Description = "Get AreaCollections")]
        public AreaCollection GetTestAreaCollection()
        {

            try
            {
                AreaCollection ac = MyMethods.GetTestAreaCollection();
                return ac;
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                return null;
            }
        }
       
    }
}

 服务OK！　

 新建一　Winform窗体项目，添加web service引用，http://localhost/DemoListsByWebService/Service1.asmx

在主窗体中调用方法：
 

        private void BindAreaList()
        {
            DemoWebServiceList.Service1 dl = new TestWebServiceOfLists.DemoWebServiceList.Service1();
            DemoWebServiceList.Area[] ac = dl.GetTestArea();
            cbArea.DataSource = ac;
            cbArea.DisplayMember = "Area_Name";
            cbArea.ValueMember = "Area_ID";
            cbArea.SelectedValue = "5";
            lbResult.Text = "集合共：" + ac.Length.ToString() + "个元素！";

        }
        private void BindAreaCollection()
        {
            DemoWebServiceList.Service1 dl = new TestWebServiceOfLists.DemoWebServiceList.Service1();
            DemoWebServiceList.Area[] ac = dl.GetTestAreaCollection();
            cbArea.DataSource = ac;
            cbArea.DisplayMember = "Area_Name";
            cbArea.ValueMember = "Area_ID";
            cbArea.SelectedValue = "5";
            lbResult.Text = "集合共：" + ac.Length.ToString() + "个元素！";

        }

注意： DemoWebServiceList.Area[]的集合个数不用Count,MaxItems,而用Length,因为这是一个重新序列化后的数组集合。

省去了对象转换的烦恼！