Set up paths
Naturally all of the paths below are configurable, this is just what I used.
export PROJECT_PATH="/opt/qemu_android"
export VIRGLRENDERER_PATH="${PROJECT_PATH}/virglrenderer"
export QEMU_PATH="${PROJECT_PATH}/qemu"
export LINUX_PATH="${PROJECT_PATH}/linux"
export ANDROID_PATH="${PROJECT_PATH}/android"
export ANDROID_TOOLS_PATH="${PROJECT_PATH}/android-tools"
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Virglrenderer
Virglrenderer creates a virtual 3D GPU, that allows the Qemu guest to use the graphics capabilities of the host machine.
git clone git://git.freedesktop.org/git/virglrenderer ${VIRGLRENDERER_PATH}
cd ${VIRGLRENDERER_PATH}
./autogen.sh
make
sudo make install
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Qemu
Qemu is a full system emulator, and supports a multitude of machine architectures. We're going to to use x86_64 but also build support for arm64/aarch64.
git clone git://git.qemu-project.org/qemu.git ${QEMU_PATH}
mkdir ${QEMU_PATH}/build
cd ${QEMU_PATH}/build
../configure --target-list=aarch64-softmmu,x86_64-softmmu --enable-gtk --with-gtkabi=3.0 --enable-kvm
make -j
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Linux kernel
Build trunk of mainline linux kernel.
Important: The below instructions use upstream/master but during testing of this guide, https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/padovan/linux.git and the fences branch was used due to SW_SYNC not yet being included in upstream. Inclusion is targeted for v4.9.
git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git ${LINUX_PATH}
cd ${LINUX_PATH}
wget http://memcpy.io/files/2016-08-30/Kconfig -O ${LINUX_PATH}/.config
make oldconfig
make -j
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Important: If you decide not to use the .config linked in this step, a few Kconfig options need to be set:
CONFIG_ANDROID=y CONFIG_ANDROID_BINDER_IPC=y CONFIG_AUDIT=y CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_AUDITSYSCALL=y CONFIG_AUDITSYSCALL=y CONFIG_AUDIT_WATCH=y CONFIG_AUDIT_TREE=y CONFIG_SECURITY_SELINUX=y CONFIG_SECURITY_SELINUX_BOOTPARAM=y CONFIG_SECURITY_SELINUX_BOOTPARAM_VALUE=1 CONFIG_SECURITY_SELINUX_DISABLE=y CONFIG_SECURITY_SELINUX_DEVELOP=y CONFIG_SECURITY_SELINUX_AVC_STATS=y CONFIG_SECURITY_SELINUX_CHECKREQPROT_VALUE=0 CONFIG_DEFAULT_SECURITY_SELINUX=y CONFIG_DEFAULT_SECURITY="selinux" CONFIG_VIRTIO_BLK=y CONFIG_SCSI_VIRTIO=y CONFIG_VIRTIO_NET=y CONFIG_VIRTIO_CONSOLE=y CONFIG_HW_RANDOM_VIRTIO=y CONFIG_DRM_VIRTIO_GPU=y CONFIG_VIRT_DRIVERS=y CONFIG_VIRTIO=y CONFIG_VIRTIO_PCI=y CONFIG_VIRTIO_PCI_LEGACY=y CONFIG_VIRTIO_BALLOON=y CONFIG_VIRTIO_INPUT=y CONFIG_VIRTIO_MMIO=y CONFIG_VIRTIO_MMIO_CMDLINE_DEVICES=y CONFIG_NET_9P=y CONFIG_NET_9P_VIRTIO=y CONFIG_SYNC=y CONFIG_SW_SYNC=y CONFIG_SYNC_FILE=y |
Android
Build the Android Open Source Project.
Important: When running source build/envsetup.sh make sure that you are using bash. I had issues running lunch using zsh.
mkdir ${ANDROID_PATH}
cd ${ANDROID_PATH}
repo init -u https://android.googlesource.com/platform/manifest -b master
cd .repo
git clone https://github.com/robherring/android_manifest.git -b android-6.0 local_manifests
cd ..
repo sync -j
cd device/linaro/generic
make defconfig
make all
cd ../../..
# The following snippet must be run in bash
bash
source build/envsetup.sh
# Select linaro_x86_64-userdebug
lunch
make -j
# We don't need to use bash any longer
exit
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As of this writing SW_SYNC related patches by Gustavo Padovan has yet to be included into AOSP, and therefore has to be included included manually until it is upstreamed. After switching to this branch, the AOSP project has to be rebuilt again.
cd ${ANDROID_PATH}/external/drm_hwcomposer
git remote add padovan git://git.collabora.com/git/user/padovan/android-system-core.git
git fetch padovan
git checkout padovan/master
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mkbootimg
Fetch the make boot image script. This script later assembles the boot image, boot.img.
git clone https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/core.git $ANDROID_TOOLS_PATH
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Run Qemu machine
When running the below script, make sure that the all of the paths from step two have been exported.
wget http://memcpy.io/files/2016-08-30/boot_android_qemu.sh -O ${PROJECT_PATH}/boot_android_qemu.sh
chmod +x ${PROJECT_PATH}/boot_android_qemu.sh
${PROJECT_PATH}/boot_android_qemu.sh x86_64
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Conclusion
Hopefully this guide will have enabled you build the required software and run Android on Qemu with a virtual GPU. The post was has been a part of work undertaken by my employer Collabora.