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  • k8s系列---EFK日志系统

      

    文章拷于:http://blog.itpub.net/28916011/viewspace-2216748/   用于自己备份记录错误

    一个完整的k8s集群,应该包含如下六大部分:kube-dns、ingress-controller、metrics server监控系统、dashboard、存储和EFK日志系统。

        我们的日志系统要部署在k8s集群之外,这样即使整个k8s集群宕机了,我们还能从外置的日志系统查看到k8s宕机前的日志。    

         另外,我们生产部署的日志系统要单独放在一个存储卷上。 这里我们为了方便,本次测试关闭了日志系统的存储卷功能。

        1、添加incubator源(这个源是开发版的安装包,用起来可能不稳定) 

        访问https://hub.kubeapps.com/charts

    [root@master ~]# helm repo list
    NAME  URL                                                   
    local http://127.0.0.1:8879/charts                          
    stablehttps://kubernetes.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/charts
    

      

    [root@master efk]# helm repo add incubator https://kubernetes-charts-incubator.storage.googleapis.com
    "incubator" has been added to your repositories
    

      

    [root@master efk]# helm repo list
    NAME     URL                                                       
    local    http://127.0.0.1:8879/charts                              
    stable   https://kubernetes.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/charts    
    incubatorhttps://kubernetes-charts-incubator.storage.googleapis.com
    

      

     2、下载elasticsearch 

    [root@master efk]# helm fetch incubator/elasticsearch
    [root@master efk]# ls
    elasticsearch-1.10.2.tgz
    [root@master efk]# tar -xvf elasticsearch-1.10.2.tgz
    

      

    3、关闭存储卷(生产上不要关,我们这里为了测试方便才关的)

    [root@master efk]# vim elasticsearch/values.yaml 
    把
     persistence:
        enabled: true
    改成
     persistence:
        enabled: false
    有两处需要改
    

      

    上面我们关闭了存储卷的功能,而改用本地目录来存储日志。 

        4、创建单独的名称空间 

    [root@master efk]# kubectl   create namespace efk
    namespace/logs created
    

      

    [root@master efk]# kubectl get ns
    NAME               STATUS    AGE
    ekf               Active    13s
    

      

      5、把elasticsearch安装在efk名称空间中 ,我没用这个方式,用的下面的

    [root@master efk]# helm install --name els1 --namespace=efk -f elasticsearch/values.yaml incubator/elasticsearch
    NAME:   els1
    LAST DEPLOYED: Thu Oct 18 01:59:15 2018
    NAMESPACE: efk
    STATUS: DEPLOYED
    RESOURCES:
    ==> v1/Pod(related)
    NAME                                        READY  STATUS   RESTARTS  AGE
    els1-elasticsearch-client-58899f6794-gxn7x  0/1    Pending  0         0s
    els1-elasticsearch-client-58899f6794-mmqq6  0/1    Pending  0         0s
    els1-elasticsearch-data-0                   0/1    Pending  0         0s
    els1-elasticsearch-master-0                 0/1    Pending  0         0s
    ==> v1/ConfigMap
    NAME                DATA  AGE
    els1-elasticsearch  4     1s
    ==> v1/Service
    NAME                          TYPE       CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP  PORT(S)   AGE
    els1-elasticsearch-client     ClusterIP  10.103.147.142  <none>       9200/TCP  0s
    els1-elasticsearch-discovery  ClusterIP  None            <none>       9300/TCP  0s
    ==> v1beta1/Deployment
    NAME                       DESIRED  CURRENT  UP-TO-DATE  AVAILABLE  AGE
    els1-elasticsearch-client  2        0        0           0          0s
    ==> v1beta1/StatefulSet
    NAME                       DESIRED  CURRENT  AGE
    els1-elasticsearch-data    2        1        0s
    els1-elasticsearch-master  3        1        0s
    NOTES:
    The elasticsearch cluster has been installed.
    ***
    Please note that this chart has been deprecated and moved to stable.
    Going forward please use the stable version of this chart.
    ***
    Elasticsearch can be accessed:
      * Within your cluster, at the following DNS name at port 9200:
        els1-elasticsearch-client.efk.svc
      * From outside the cluster, run these commands in the same shell:
        export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods --namespace efk -l "app=elasticsearch,component=client,release=els1" -o jsonpath="{.items[0].metadata.name}")
        echo "Visit http://127.0.0.1:9200 to use Elasticsearch"
        kubectl port-forward --namespace efk $POD_NAME 9200:9200
    

      

      说明:--name els1是chart部署后的release名字,名字自己随便取就行。 

     上面我们是通过values.yaml文件在线安装的els。但是我们已经下载els安装包了,也可以通过下载的els包进行离线安装,如下: 

    [root@master efk]# ls
    elasticsearch  elasticsearch-1.10.2.tgz
    

      

    root@master efk]# helm  install --name els1 --namespace=efk ./elasticsearch
    

      

     说明:./elasticsearch就是当前els安装包目录的名字。

        安装完后,我们就能在efk名称空间中看到相应的pods资源了(我在安装elasticsearch时,当时是安装不上的,因为说是打不开elasticseartch的官网,也就是不能再这个官网下载镜像,后来我就放置了两天没管,再登录上看,发现镜像竟然自己下载好了,真是有意思)我是第一次没安装成,机器内存小了,然后又加的内存。删掉了这个namespace第二天又重新建的,然后一次成功了。

    故障二: els1-...client 出现了READY 0/1的状态,describe发现健康检查没通过,进到pod里去ping其他node的pod发现ping不通了,其他pod也是这种情况,不同node之间的pod是不通的,ip route show 有问题,参照flannel那一章 。很奇葩,没找到问题,flannel是正常的。但就是不通。删了flannel又重新搞了一次flannel 最后就好了

    [root@master efk]#  kubectl get pods -n efk -o wide
    NAME                                         READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE       IP             NODE
    els1-elasticsearch-client-78b54979c5-kzj7z   1/1       Running   2          1h        10.244.2.157   node2
    els1-elasticsearch-client-78b54979c5-xn2gb   1/1       Running   1          1h        10.244.2.151   node2
    els1-elasticsearch-data-0                    1/1       Running   0          1h        10.244.1.165   node1
    els1-elasticsearch-data-1                    1/1       Running   0          1h        10.244.2.169   node2
    els1-elasticsearch-master-0                  1/1       Running   0          1h        10.244.1.163   node1
    els1-elasticsearch-master-1                  1/1       Running   0          1h        10.244.2.168   node2
    els1-elasticsearch-master-2                  1/1       Running   0          57m       10.244.1.170   node1
    

      

        查看安装好的release: 

    [root@master efk]# helm list
    NAME  REVISIONUPDATED                 STATUS  CHART               NAMESPACE
    els1  1       Thu Oct 18 23:11:54 2018DEPLOYEDelasticsearch-1.10.2efk
    

      

        查看els1的状态:

    [root@k8s-master1 ~]# helm status els1
      * Within your cluster, at the following DNS name at port 9200:
        els1-elasticsearch-client.efk.svc  ##这个就是els1 service的主机名
      * From outside the cluster, run these commands in the same shell:
        export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods --namespace efk -l "app=elasticsearch,component=client,release=els1" -o jsonpath="{.items[0].metadata.name}")
        echo "Visit http://127.0.0.1:9200 to use Elasticsearch"
        kubectl port-forward --namespace efk $POD_NAME 9200:9200
    

      

        cirror是专门为测试虚拟环境的客户端,它可以快速创建一个kvm的虚拟机,一共才几兆的大小,而且里面提供的工具还是比较完整的。

        下面我们运行cirror:

    [root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl run cirror-$RANDOM --rm -it --image=cirros -- /bin/sh
    kubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1beta1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl create instead.
    If you don't see a command prompt, try pressing enter.
    / #
    / # nslookup els1-elasticsearch-client.efk.svc
    Server:    10.96.0.10
    Address 1: 10.96.0.10 kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local
    Name:      els1-elasticsearch-client.efk.svc
    Address 1: 10.103.105.170 els1-elasticsearch-client.efk.svc.cluster.local
    

      

    因为我删除namespace后出现了其他问题,最后重启了集群,没想到flannel又鸡巴的出问题了,routing模式又没了,然后nslookup一直出问题,我还以为我的版本又出了问题,最后删了flannel又重新生成

    -rm:表示退出我们就直接删除掉

    -it:表示交互式登录

        上面我们看到els1-elasticsearch-client.efk.svc服务名解析出来的ip地址。

        下面我们再访问http:els1-elasticsearch-client.efk.svc:9200 页面:

    / # curl els1-elasticsearch-client.efk.svc:9200
    curl: (6) Couldn't resolve host 'els1-elasticsearch-client.efk.svc'
    / # 
    / # curl els1-elasticsearch-client.efk.svc.cluster.local:9200
    {
      "name" : "els1-elasticsearch-client-b898c9d47-5gwzq",
      "cluster_name" : "elasticsearch",
      "cluster_uuid" : "RFiD2ZGWSAqM2dF6wy24Vw",
      "version" : {
        "number" : "6.4.2",
        "build_flavor" : "oss",
        "build_type" : "tar",
        "build_hash" : "04711c2",
        "build_date" : "2018-09-26T13:34:09.098244Z",
        "build_snapshot" : false,
        "lucene_version" : "7.4.0",
        "minimum_wire_compatibility_version" : "5.6.0",
        "minimum_index_compatibility_version" : "5.0.0"
      },
      "tagline" : "You Know, for Search"
    }
    

      

     看里面的内容: 

    / # curl els1-elasticsearch-client.efk.svc.cluster.local:9200/_cat
    =^.^=
    /_cat/allocation
    /_cat/shards
    /_cat/shards/{index}
    /_cat/master
    /_cat/nodes
    /_cat/tasks
    /_cat/indices
    /_cat/indices/{index}
    /_cat/segments
    /_cat/segments/{index}
    /_cat/count
    /_cat/count/{index}
    /_cat/recovery
    /_cat/recovery/{index}
    /_cat/health
    /_cat/pending_tasks
    /_cat/aliases
    /_cat/aliases/{alias}
    /_cat/thread_pool
    /_cat/thread_pool/{thread_pools}
    /_cat/plugins
    /_cat/fielddata
    /_cat/fielddata/{fields}
    /_cat/nodeattrs
    /_cat/repositories
    /_cat/snapshots/{repository}
    /_cat/templates
    

      

        看有几个节点: 

    / # curl els1-elasticsearch-client.efk.svc.cluster.local:9200/_cat/nodes
    10.244.2.104 23 95 0 0.00 0.02 0.05 di - els1-elasticsearch-data-0
    10.244.4.83  42 99 1 0.01 0.11 0.13 mi * els1-elasticsearch-master-1
    10.244.4.81  35 99 1 0.01 0.11 0.13 i  - els1-elasticsearch-client-b898c9d47-5gwzq
    10.244.4.84  31 99 1 0.01 0.11 0.13 mi - els1-elasticsearch-master-2
    10.244.2.105 35 95 0 0.00 0.02 0.05 i  - els1-elasticsearch-client-b898c9d47-shqd2
    10.244.4.85  18 99 1 0.01 0.11 0.13 di - els1-elasticsearch-data-1
    10.244.4.82  40 99 1 0.01 0.11 0.13 mi - els1-elasticsearch-master-0
    

      

    6、把fluentd安装在efk空间中

     

    [root@k8s-master1 ~]# helm fetch  incubator/fluentd-elasticsearch
    

      

    [root@k8s-master1 ~]# tar -xvf fluentd-elasticsearch-0.7.2.tgz
    

      

    [root@k8s-master1 ~]# cd fluentd-elasticsearch
    

      

    [root@k8s-master1 fluentd-elasticsearch]# vim values.yaml 
    1、改其中的host: 'elasticsearch-client',改成host: 'els1-elasticsearch-client.efk.svc.cluster.local'表示到哪找我们的elasticsearch服务。
    2、改tolerations污点,表示让k8s master也能接受部署fluentd pod,这样才能收集主节点的日志:
    把
    tolerations: {}
      # - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
      #   operator: Exists
      #   effect: NoSchedule
    改成
    tolerations: 
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
        operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
    3、改annotations,这样也就能收集监控prometheus的日志了
    把
    annotations: {}
      # prometheus.io/scrape: "true"
      # prometheus.io/port: "24231"
    大概就这个位置我的annotations下面是PodAnnktation的位置,底下改的。改成
    annotations:
      prometheus.io/scrape: "true"
      prometheus.io/port: "24231"
    同时把
    service: {}
      # type: ClusterIP
      # ports:
      #   - name: "monitor-agent"
      #     port: 24231
    改成
    service: 
      type: ClusterIP
      ports:
        - name: "monitor-agent"
        port: 24231
      这样通过service 24231找监控prometheus的fluentd
    

      

        开始安装fluentd: 

    [root@k8s-master1 fluentd-elasticsearch]# helm install --name fluentd1 --namespace=efk -f values.yaml  ./
    

      

    [root@k8s-master1 fluentd-elasticsearch]# helm list
    NAME    REVISIONUPDATED                 STATUS  CHART                      NAMESPACE
    els1    1       Sun Nov  4 09:37:35 2018DEPLOYEDelasticsearch-1.10.2       efk      
    fluentd11       Tue Nov  6 09:28:42 2018DEPLOYEDfluentd-elasticsearch-0.7.2efk
    

      

    [root@k8s-master1 fluentd-elasticsearch]# kubectl get pods -n efk
    NAME                                        READY   STATUS             RESTARTS   AGE
    els1-elasticsearch-client-b898c9d47-5gwzq   1/1     Running            0          47h
    els1-elasticsearch-client-b898c9d47-shqd2   1/1     Running            0          47h
    els1-elasticsearch-data-0                   1/1     Running            0          47h
    els1-elasticsearch-data-1                   1/1     Running            0          45h
    els1-elasticsearch-master-0                 1/1     Running            0          47h
    els1-elasticsearch-master-1                 1/1     Running            0          45h
    els1-elasticsearch-master-2                 1/1     Running            0          45h
    fluentd1-fluentd-elasticsearch-9k456        1/1     Running           0          2m28s
    fluentd1-fluentd-elasticsearch-dcnsc        1/1     Running           0          2m28s
        fluentd1-fluentd-elasticsearch-p5h88        1/1   Running           0          2m28s
    fluentd1-fluentd-elasticsearch-sdvn9        1/1     Running           0          2m28s
    fluentd1-fluentd-elasticsearch-ztm9s        1/1     Running           0          2m28s
    

      

    7、把kibanna安装在efk空间中

        注意,安装kibana的版本号一定要和elasticsearch的版本号一致,否则二者无法结合起来。我刚开始没在意,后面看日志发现的确有这个问题的存在,然后把kibanna的value.yaml改成了和es一致的版本,两个版本可以从value里看到

    [root@k8s-master1 ~]# helm fetch stable/kibana
    [root@k8s-master1 ~]# ls
     kibana-0.2.2.tgz
    

      

    [root@k8s-master1 ~]# tar -xvf kibana-0.2.2.tgz  
    [root@k8s-master1 ~]# cd kibana
    

      

    修改ELASTICSEARCH_URL,把type改成NodePort类型

    [root@master kibana]# cat values.yaml |more
    image:
      repository: "docker.elastic.co/kibana/kibana-oss"
      tag: "6.4.2"
      pullPolicy: "IfNotPresent"
    
    env:
      # All Kibana configuration options are adjustable via env vars.
      # To adjust a config option to an env var uppercase + replace `.` with `_`
      # Ref: https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/kibana/current/settings.html
      #
      ELASTICSEARCH_URL: http://els1-elasticsearch-client.efk.svc:9200
      #SERVER_PORT: 9200
      # LOGGING_VERBOSE: "true"
      # SERVER_DEFAULTROUTE: "/app/kibana"
    
    service:
      type: NodePort
      externalPort: 443
      internalPort: 5601
      ## External IP addresses of service
      ## Default: nil
      ##
      # externalIPs:
      # - 192.168.0.1
    

      

     开始部署kibana: 

    [root@k8s-master1 kibana]# helm install --name=kib1 --namespace=efk -f values.yaml ./
    ==> v1/Service
    NAME         TYPE      CLUSTER-IP    EXTERNAL-IP  PORT(S)        AGE
    kib1-kibana  NodePort  10.108.188.4  <none>       443:31865/TCP  0s
    

      

    [root@k8s-master1 kibana]# kubectl get svc -n efk
    NAME                           TYPE        CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)         AGE
    els1-elasticsearch-client      ClusterIP   10.103.105.170   <none>        9200/TCP        2d22h
    els1-elasticsearch-discovery   ClusterIP   None             <none>        9300/TCP        2d22h
    kib1-kibana                    NodePort    10.108.188.4     <none>        443:31865/TCP   4m27s
    

      

    [root@k8s-master1 kibana]# kubectl get pods -n efk 
    NAME                                        READY   STATUS              RESTARTS   AGE
    els1-elasticsearch-client-b898c9d47-5gwzq   1/1     Running             0          2d22h
    els1-elasticsearch-client-b898c9d47-shqd2   1/1     Running             0          2d22h
    els1-elasticsearch-data-0                   1/1     Running             0          22h
    els1-elasticsearch-data-1                   1/1     Running             0          22h
    els1-elasticsearch-master-0                 1/1     Running             0          2d22h
    els1-elasticsearch-master-1                 1/1     Running             0          2d19h
    els1-elasticsearch-master-2                 1/1     Running             0          2d19h
    fluentd1-fluentd-elasticsearch-9k456        1/1     Running             0          22h
    fluentd1-fluentd-elasticsearch-dcnsc        1/1     Running             0          22h
    fluentd1-fluentd-elasticsearch-p5h88        1/1     Running             0          22h
    fluentd1-fluentd-elasticsearch-sdvn9        1/1     Running             0          22h
    fluentd1-fluentd-elasticsearch-ztm9s        1/1     Running             0          22h
    kib1-kibana-68f9fbfd84-pt2dt                0/1     Running   0          9m59s #这个镜像如果下载不下来,多等几天就下载下来了,我是一下就下载下来了
    

      

      然后找个浏览器,打开宿主机ip:nodeport 

         https://172.16.22.201:31865

        不过我这个打开的页面有错误,做如下操作即可:我那个时候也有错,有时能删掉,有时删也删不掉,就没管他,最后登录正常

    [root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get pods -n efk |grep ela
    els1-elasticsearch-client-b898c9d47-8pntr   1/1     Running   1          43h
    els1-elasticsearch-client-b898c9d47-shqd2   1/1     Running   1          5d13h
    els1-elasticsearch-data-0                   1/1     Running   0          117m
    els1-elasticsearch-data-1                   1/1     Running   0          109m
    els1-elasticsearch-master-0                 1/1     Running   1          2d11h
    els1-elasticsearch-master-1                 1/1     Running   0          14h
    els1-elasticsearch-master-2                 1/1     Running   0          14h
    [root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl exec -it els1-elasticsearch-client-b898c9d47-shqd2  -n efk -- /bin/bash 
    删除elasticsearch下的.kibana即可
    [root@els1-elasticsearch-client-b898c9d47-shqd2 elasticsearch]#  curl -XDELETE http://els1-elasticsearch-client.efk.svc:9200/.kibana
    

      

        最终,看到我们做出了EFK的日志收集系统 

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/dribs/p/10341800.html
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