django无法同步mysql数据库 Error:1064

【问题】

具体问题：新建django工程，使用django的manage.py的 migrate命令进行更改。

在初始化数据库表时，失败，错误信息为

django.db.migrations.exceptions.MigrationSchemaMissing: 
    Unable to create the django_migrations table (
        (1064, 
        "You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '(6) NOT NULL)' at line 1")) 　　　　

开发环境：

mysql5.5(版本: 5.5.24-CDB-2.0.0-log)
django=='2.1'
pymysql=='0.9.2'

【原因分析】

测试：更换mysql服务器，使用mysql（版本: 5.7.17-log），其他django，pymysql版本不变。正常同步a.无错 b.直接查表,表结构正确

从测试结果推测原因可能是跟mysql版本有关，因此需要知道具体执行的sql语句

 

1、从文档中django官方原地址，了解  sqlmigrate auth 0001_initial  命令可以显示auth下的auth 0001_initial的原始sql语句。运行后

File tracking disabled
BEGIN;
--
-- Create model Permission
--
CREATE TABLE `auth_permission` (`id` integer AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, `name` varchar(50) NOT NULL, `content_type_id` integer NOT NULL, `codename` varchar(100) NOT NULL);
--
-- Create model Group
--
CREATE TABLE `auth_group` (`id` integer AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, `name` varchar(80) NOT NULL UNIQUE);
CREATE TABLE `auth_group_permissions` (`id` integer AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, `group_id` integer NOT NULL, `permission_id` integer NOT NULL);
--
-- Create model User
--
CREATE TABLE `auth_user` (`id` integer AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, `password` varchar(128) NOT NULL, `last_login` datetime(6) NOT NULL, `is_superuser` bool NOT NULL, `username` varchar(30) NOT NULL UNIQUE, `first_name` varchar(30) NOT NULL, `last_name` varchar(30) NOT NULL, `email` varchar(75) NOT NULL, `is_staff` bool NOT NULL, `is_active` bool NOT NULL, `date_joined` datetime(6) NOT NULL);
CREATE TABLE `auth_user_groups` (`id` integer AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, `user_id` integer NOT NULL, `group_id` integer NOT NULL);
CREATE TABLE `auth_user_user_permissions` (`id` integer AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, `user_id` integer NOT NULL, `permission_id` integer NOT NULL);
ALTER TABLE `auth_permission` ADD CONSTRAINT `auth_permission_content_type_id_2f476e4b_fk_django_co` FOREIGN KEY (`content_type_id`) REFERENCES `django_content_type` (`id`);
ALTER TABLE `auth_permission` ADD CONSTRAINT auth_permission_content_type_id_codename_01ab375a_uniq UNIQUE (`content_type_id`, `codename`);
ALTER TABLE `auth_group_permissions` ADD CONSTRAINT `auth_group_permissions_group_id_b120cbf9_fk_auth_group_id` FOREIGN KEY (`group_id`) REFERENCES `auth_group` (`id`);
ALTER TABLE `auth_group_permissions` ADD CONSTRAINT `auth_group_permissio_permission_id_84c5c92e_fk_auth_perm` FOREIGN KEY (`permission_id`) REFERENCES `auth_permission` (`id`);
ALTER TABLE `auth_group_permissions` ADD CONSTRAINT auth_group_permissions_group_id_permission_id_0cd325b0_uniq UNIQUE (`group_id`, `permission_id`);
ALTER TABLE `auth_user_groups` ADD CONSTRAINT `auth_user_groups_user_id_6a12ed8b_fk_auth_user_id` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `auth_user` (`id`);
ALTER TABLE `auth_user_groups` ADD CONSTRAINT `auth_user_groups_group_id_97559544_fk_auth_group_id` FOREIGN KEY (`group_id`) REFERENCES `auth_group` (`id`);
ALTER TABLE `auth_user_groups` ADD CONSTRAINT auth_user_groups_user_id_group_id_94350c0c_uniq UNIQUE (`user_id`, `group_id`);
ALTER TABLE `auth_user_user_permissions` ADD CONSTRAINT `auth_user_user_permissions_user_id_a95ead1b_fk_auth_user_id` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `auth_user` (`id`);
ALTER TABLE `auth_user_user_permissions` ADD CONSTRAINT `auth_user_user_permi_permission_id_1fbb5f2c_fk_auth_perm` FOREIGN KEY (`permission_id`) REFERENCES `auth_permission` (`id`);
ALTER TABLE `auth_user_user_permissions` ADD CONSTRAINT auth_user_user_permissions_user_id_permission_id_14a6b632_uniq UNIQUE (`user_id`, `permission_id`);
COMMIT;

使用mysql命令行 逐条测试，发现下行指令报错，具体错误

mysql> CREATE TABLE `auth_user` (`id` integer AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, `password` varchar(128) NOT NULL, `last_login` datetime(6) NOT NULL, `is_superuser` bool NOT NULL, `username` varchar(30) NOT NULL UNIQUE, `first_name` varchar(30) NOT NULL, `last_name` varchar(30) NOT NULL, `email` varchar(75) NOT NULL, `is_staff` bool NOT NULL, `is_active` bool NOT NULL, `date_joined` datetime(6) NOT NULL);
1064 - You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '(6) NOT NULL, `is_superuser` bool NOT NULL, `username` varchar(30) NOT NULL UNIQ' at line 1

 对比django的报错信息，还有有区别的。但基本上可以获知是 (6) NOT NULL这部分指令的问题。

2、修改datetime(6) NOT NULL为datetime NOT NULL后，运行

mysql> CREATE TABLE `auth_user` (`id` integer AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, `password` varchar(128) NOT NULL, `last_login` datetime NOT NULL, `is_superuser` bool NOT NULL, `username` varchar(30) NOT NULL UNIQUE, `first_name` varchar(30) NOT NULL, `last_name` varchar(30) NOT NULL, `email` varchar(75) NOT NULL, `is_staff` bool NOT NULL, `is_active` bool NOT NULL, `date_joined` datetime NOT NULL);
Query OK, 0 rows affected

OK，没问题，查看数据库，表也存在了。last_login和date_joined字段的格式也没有问题

看来得看django如何配置了

3、 搜索之后，这个区别发生在mysql5.6版本之后，django在文档中也说明了这种问题。django2.1的ChangeLog也说明了不在支持mysql5.5

 

 

【方案】

 指定django版本为2.0，migrate成功。

 

https://www.techiediaries.com/how-to-reset-migrations-in-django-17-18-19-and-110/

https://www.kawabangga.com/posts/3013