MVC 用基架创建Controller，通过数据库初始化器生成并播种数据库

1 创建MVC应用程序

2 在Model里面创建实体类

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;

namespace MyMusicStore.Models
{
    public class Album
    {
        public virtual int AlbumId { get; set; }
        public virtual int GenreId { get; set; }
        public virtual int ArtistId { get; set; }
        public virtual string Title { get; set; }
        public virtual decimal Price { get; set; }
        public virtual string AlbumArtUrl { get; set; }
        public virtual Genre Genre { get; set; }
        public virtual Artist Artist { get; set; }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;

namespace MvcMusicStore.Models
{
    public class Artist
    {
        public virtual int ArtistId { get; set; }
        public virtual string Name { get; set; }
    }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;

namespace MyMusicStore.Models
{
    public class Genre
    {
        public virtual int GenreId { get; set; }
        public virtual string Name { get; set; }
        public virtual string Description { get; set; }
        public virtual List<Album> Albums { get; set; }
    }
}

3 添加数据库连接字符串

<add name="MusicStoreDB" connectionString="database=MusicStore;uid=sa;pwd=Server2012" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient"/>

4 创建数据操作类

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;

namespace MyMusicStore.Models
{
    public class MusicStoreDB:DbContext
    {
        public MusicStoreDB() : base("name=MusicStoreDB")
        {
        }

        public DbSet<Album> Albums { get; set; }
        public DbSet<Artist> Artists { get; set; }

        public DbSet<Genre> Genres { get; set; }
    }
}

5 创建数据库初始化器

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;

namespace MyMusicStore.Models
{
    public class MusicStoreDbInitializer:System.Data.Entity.DropCreateDatabaseAlways<MusicStoreDB>
    {
        protected override void Seed(MusicStoreDB context)
        {
            context.Artists.Add(new Artist { Name = "Al Di Meola" });
            context.Genres.Add(new Genre { Name = "Jazz" });
            context.Albums.Add(new Album
            {
                Genre = new Genre { Name = "Rock" },
                Artist = new Artist { Name = "Rush" },
                Price = 9.99m,
                Title = "Caravan"
            });
            base.Seed(context);
        }
    }
}

6 设置数据库初始化器

using MyMusicStore.Models;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Optimization;
using System.Web.Routing;

namespace MyMusicStore
{
    public class MvcApplication : System.Web.HttpApplication
    {
        protected void Application_Start()
        {
            Database.SetInitializer(new MusicStoreDbInitializer());

            AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
            FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
            RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
            BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles);
        }
    }
}

7 根据基架创建Controller（包含视图的MVC5控制器使用EF）

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using MyMusicStore.Models;

namespace MyMusicStore.Controllers
{
    public class StoreManagerController : Controller
    {
        private MusicStoreDB db = new MusicStoreDB();

        // GET: StoreManager
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            var albums = db.Albums.Include(a => a.Artist).Include(a => a.Genre);
            return View(albums.ToList());
        }

        // GET: StoreManager/Details/5
        public ActionResult Details(int? id)
        {
            if (id == null)
            {
                return new HttpStatusCodeResult(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest);
            }
            Album album = db.Albums.Find(id);
            if (album == null)
            {
                return HttpNotFound();
            }
            return View(album);
        }

        // GET: StoreManager/Create
        public ActionResult Create()
        {
            ViewBag.ArtistId = new SelectList(db.Artists, "ArtistId", "Name");
            ViewBag.GenreId = new SelectList(db.Genres, "GenreId", "Name");
            return View();
        }

        // POST: StoreManager/Create
        // 为了防止“过多发布”攻击，请启用要绑定到的特定属性，有关 
        // 详细信息，请参阅 http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=317598。
        [HttpPost]
        [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
        public ActionResult Create([Bind(Include = "AlbumId,GenreId,ArtistId,Title,Price,AlbumArtUrl")] Album album)
        {
            if (ModelState.IsValid)
            {
                db.Albums.Add(album);
                db.SaveChanges();
                return RedirectToAction("Index");
            }

            ViewBag.ArtistId = new SelectList(db.Artists, "ArtistId", "Name", album.ArtistId);
            ViewBag.GenreId = new SelectList(db.Genres, "GenreId", "Name", album.GenreId);
            return View(album);
        }

        // GET: StoreManager/Edit/5
        public ActionResult Edit(int? id)
        {
            if (id == null)
            {
                return new HttpStatusCodeResult(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest);
            }
            Album album = db.Albums.Find(id);
            if (album == null)
            {
                return HttpNotFound();
            }
            ViewBag.ArtistId = new SelectList(db.Artists, "ArtistId", "Name", album.ArtistId);
            ViewBag.GenreId = new SelectList(db.Genres, "GenreId", "Name", album.GenreId);
            return View(album);
        }

        // POST: StoreManager/Edit/5
        // 为了防止“过多发布”攻击，请启用要绑定到的特定属性，有关 
        // 详细信息，请参阅 http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=317598。
        [HttpPost]
        [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
        public ActionResult Edit([Bind(Include = "AlbumId,GenreId,ArtistId,Title,Price,AlbumArtUrl")] Album album)
        {
            if (ModelState.IsValid)
            {
                db.Entry(album).State = EntityState.Modified;
                db.SaveChanges();
                return RedirectToAction("Index");
            }
            ViewBag.ArtistId = new SelectList(db.Artists, "ArtistId", "Name", album.ArtistId);
            ViewBag.GenreId = new SelectList(db.Genres, "GenreId", "Name", album.GenreId);
            return View(album);
        }

        // GET: StoreManager/Delete/5
        public ActionResult Delete(int? id)
        {
            if (id == null)
            {
                return new HttpStatusCodeResult(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest);
            }
            Album album = db.Albums.Find(id);
            if (album == null)
            {
                return HttpNotFound();
            }
            return View(album);
        }

        // POST: StoreManager/Delete/5
        [HttpPost, ActionName("Delete")]
        [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
        public ActionResult DeleteConfirmed(int id)
        {
            Album album = db.Albums.Find(id);
            db.Albums.Remove(album);
            db.SaveChanges();
            return RedirectToAction("Index");
        }

        protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
        {
            if (disposing)
            {
                db.Dispose();
            }
            base.Dispose(disposing);
        }
    }
}
 

8 访问http://localhost:3438/StoreManager，是在访问Index（） 方法里的 var albums = db.Albums.Include(a => a.Artist).Include(a => a.Genre);这句同时生成并播种数据库的