docker容器与宿主交互数据

1、查看容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                         NAMES
cd6957191c52        nginx               "nginx -g 'daemon ..."   8 hours ago         Up 7 hours          192.168.51.227:9999->80/tcp   webserver

2、使用容器名字webserver进行文件复制

3、从宿主机复制到容器，命令：docker cp ceshi.txt webserver:/home/

4、进入容器，查看文件：docker exec -it webserver bash

[root@localhost docker]# docker exec -it webserver bash
root@cd6957191c52:/# cat /home/ceshi.txt 
hello,bob!
nice to meet you!
hello jack!
nice to meet you too!

5、修改容器中的文件，并复制到宿主机，命令：docker cp webserver:/home/ceshi.txt ./

root@cd6957191c52:/# cd /home/
root@cd6957191c52:/home# echo "this is my bike" >> ceshi.txt
root@cd6957191c52:/home# cat ceshi.txt 
hello,bob!
nice to meet you!
hello jack!
nice to meet you too!
this is my bike
root@cd6957191c52:/home# exit
exit
[root@localhost docker]# docker cp webserver:/home/ceshi.txt ./
[root@localhost docker]# cat ceshi.txt 
hello,bob!
nice to meet you!
hello jack!
nice to meet you too!
this is my bike

或者，把容器的名字改为容器的ID，获取容器ID的方法：

方法1、

[root@localhost docker]# docker inspect -f   '{{.Id}}'  webserver
cd6957191c52b25d29319b8ad450313931f2a8c730e4f1052704be957f8c573d

 方法2、

[root@localhost docker]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                         NAMES
cd6957191c52        nginx               "nginx -g 'daemon ..."   8 hours ago         Up 7 hours          192.168.51.227:9999->80/tcp   webserver
[root@localhost docker]# docker inspect -f '{{.Id}}' cd6957191c52
cd6957191c52b25d29319b8ad450313931f2a8c730e4f1052704be957f8c573d

用容器ID复制，如下：

[root@localhost docker]# docker inspect -f   '{{.Id}}'  webserver
cd6957191c52b25d29319b8ad450313931f2a8c730e4f1052704be957f8c573d
[root@localhost docker]# echo "abc">>ceshi.txt
[root@localhost docker]# cat ceshi.txt 
hello,bob!
nice to meet you!
hello jack!
nice to meet you too!
this is my bike
abc
[root@localhost docker]# docker cp ceshi.txt cd6957191c52b25d29319b8ad450313931f2a8c730e4f1052704be957f8c573d:/home/
[root@localhost docker]# docker exec -it webserver bash
root@cd6957191c52:/# cd /home/
root@cd6957191c52:/home# cat ceshi.txt 
hello,bob!
nice to meet you!
hello jack!
nice to meet you too!
this is my bike
abc

不用容器全ID也可以

[root@localhost docker]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                         NAMES
cd6957191c52        nginx               "nginx -g 'daemon ..."   8 hours ago         Up 7 hours          192.168.51.227:9999->80/tcp   webserver
[root@localhost docker]# docker cp cd6957191c52:/home/ceshi.txt ./abc.txt
[root@localhost docker]# cat abc.txt 
hello,bob!
nice to meet you!
hello jack!
nice to meet you too!
this is my bike
abc