0. 关闭selinux
永久性关闭（这样需要重启服务器后生效） sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config 临时性关闭（立即生效，但是重启服务器后失效） setenforce 0 #设置selinux为permissive模式（即关闭） setenforce 1 #设置selinux为enforcing模式（即开启）
1. 查看是否安装
rpm -qa | grep vsftp
2. 安装vsftp
yum install vsftpd -y
3. 修改主配置文件
# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf # # The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file # loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable. # Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults. # # READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options. # Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's # capabilities. # # 是否允许匿名登录FTP服务器，默认设置为YES（允许） anonymous_enable=NO # # 是否允许本地用户登录FTP服务器，默认设置为YES（允许） local_enable=YES # # 是否允许用户（匿名用户、本地用户）对FTP服务器具有写权限，默认设置为YES（允许） write_enable=YES # # Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022, # if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's) # 设置本地用户的文件生成掩码，默认为022 local_umask=022 # # Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only # has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will # obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user. # 是否允许匿名用户上传文件，默认设置为YES（允许）。 #anon_upload_enable=YES # # Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create # new directories. # 是否允许匿名用户创建新文件夹。默认设置为YES（允许） #anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES # # Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they # go into a certain directory. # 是否激活目录欢迎信息功能，当用户首次访问服务器上的某个目录时，FTP服务器将显示欢迎信息。默认情况下，欢迎信息是通过目录下的.message文件获得的 dirmessage_enable=YES # # The target log file can be vsftpd_log_file or xferlog_file. # This depends on setting xferlog_std_format parameter # 是否启用上传和下载记录日志的功能 xferlog_enable=YES # 在FTP服务器中设置欢迎登录信息。当用户登录到FTP服务器后，会看到欢迎细信息“Welcome to blah FTP service.” ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service # # Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data). connect_from_port_20=YES # # If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by # a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not # recommended! #chown_uploads=YES #chown_username=whoever # # The name of log file when xferlog_enable=YES and xferlog_std_format=YES # WARNING - changing this filename affects /etc/logrotate.d/vsftpd.log xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog # # Switches between logging into vsftpd_log_file and xferlog_file files. # NO writes to vsftpd_log_file, YES to xferlog_file xferlog_std_format=YES # # You may change the default value for timing out an idle session. # 如果用户在600秒内没有命令操作，强制脱机，避免占用资源 idle_session_timeout=600 # # You may change the default value for timing out a data connection. # 如果服务器和客户端的数据连接已经成功建立，但是可能由于线路问题导致在120秒内还是无法顺利地完成数据的传送，客户端的连接就会被vsftpd强制剔除 #data_connection_timeout=120 # # It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the # ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user. #nopriv_user=ftpsecure # # Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not # recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it, # however, may confuse older FTP clients. #async_abor_enable=YES # # By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore # the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII # mangling on files when in ASCII mode. # Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service # attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd # predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the # raw file. # ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol. # 当设置为YES时，表示允许使用ASCII方式上传和下载文件 #ascii_upload_enable=YES #ascii_download_enable=YES # # You may fully customise the login banner string: #ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service. # # You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently # useful for combatting certain DoS attacks. #deny_email_enable=YES # (default follows) #banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails # # You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home # directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of # users to NOT chroot(). #chroot_local_user=YES #是否锁定根目录（只能在指定给自己的目录下做为根目录） #每行写FTP用户名就行 chroot_list_enable=YES #允许写入 #allow_writeable_chroot=YES # (default follows) # 锁定FTP用户在自己目录下面，不写入的话有可能会直接显示根目录! chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list # # You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by # default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large # sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume # the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it. #ls_recurse_enable=YES # # When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and # listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction # with the listen_ipv6 directive. # 当设置为YES时，则vsftpd将以独立模式运行，由vsftpd自己监听和处理连接请求 listen=YES # # This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. To listen on IPv4 and IPv6 # sockets, you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration files. # Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !! #listen_ipv6=YES pam_service_name=vsftpd # userlist_enable=NO时ftpusers文件中的用户将禁止访问FTP服务器。因此ftpusers文件又被称为“禁止使用vsftpd的用户列表文件” userlist_enable=YES # 当userlist_enable为YES，userlist_deny为NO时，FTP服务器仅允许user_list中的用户访问 # 当userlist_enable为YES，userlist_deny为YES时，ftpusers和user_list文件中的用户均不能访问FTP服务器 # userlist_deny tcp_wrappers=YES #用来存放每个需要独立的FTP用户的配置 user_config_dir=/etc/vsftpd/userconfig #centos7 开启 #allow_writeable_chroot=YES
备份原配置文件后直接复制即可，创建虚拟用户
vim /etc/vsftpd/chroot_list ftpuser
4. 指定用户根目录
mkdir /etc/vsftpd/userconfig echo local_root=/var/ftp/ftpuser > /etc/vsftpd/userconfig/ftpuser
5. 创建用户
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g ftp ftpuser && echo 你的密码 | passwd --stdin ftpuser
6. 创建用户FTP所能管理的目录
mkdir /var/ftp/ftpuser #把所建的目录给相应的账号主权限 chown -R ftpuser:ftp /var/ftp/ftpuser
7. 关闭防火墙
# 注意linux的版本 # CentOs 6 # 查看防火墙是否开启 service iptables status # 临时关闭防火墙 servcie iptables stop # 永久性关闭防火墙 service iptables off # CentOs 7+ # 查看防火墙是否开启 firewall-cmd --state #临时关闭防火墙 systemctl stop firewalld.service #永久关闭防火墙（重启生效） systemctl disable firewalld.service
8. 启动VSFTP服务
service vsftpd start