系统版本:CentOs 7.*
Mysql版本:5.7.17(自己测试版本)
根据博主【大大的橙子】博文转载记录(大部分照搬了,只修改少许部分)
一、基本环境部署
#卸载系统自带的Mariadb [root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 [root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 #删除etc目录下的my.cnf文件 [root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# rm /etc/my.cnf rm: cannot remove ?etc/my.cnf? No such file or directory #检查mysql是否存在 [root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql #检查mysql组和用户是否存在,如无创建 [root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# cat /etc/group | grep mysql [root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql #创建mysql用户组 [root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# groupadd mysql #创建一个用户名为mysql的用户并加入mysql用户组 [root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql #制定password 为111111 [root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# passwd mysql Changing password for user mysql. New password: BAD PASSWORD: The password is a palindrome Retype new password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully. #由于我的/usr/local空间不足,所以我安装到/var [root@hdp265dnsnfs var]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz [root@hdp265dnsnfs var]# mv mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/ mysql57 #更改所属的组和用户 [root@hdp265dnsnfs var]# chown -R mysql mysql57/ [root@hdp265dnsnfs var]# chgrp -R mysql mysql57/ [root@hdp265dnsnfs var]# cd mysql57/ [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# mkdir data [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chown -R mysql:mysql data
二、MySql配置
[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# vi /etc/my.cnf .... [mysql] # 设置mysql客户端默认字符集 default-character-set=utf8 [mysqld] skip-name-resolve #设置3306端口 port = 3306 # 设置mysql的安装目录 basedir=/var/mysql57 # 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录 datadir=/var/mysql57/data # 允许最大连接数 max_connections=200 # 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集 character-set-server=utf8 # 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎 default-storage-engine=INNODB lower_case_table_names=1 max_allowed_packet=16M ..... #保存退出 :wq
三、MySql安装与初始化
[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/var/mysql57/ --datadir=/var/mysql57/data/ 2017-04-17 17:40:02 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize 2017-04-17 17:40:05 [WARNING] The bootstrap log isn't empty: 2017-04-17 17:40:05 [WARNING] 2017-04-17T09:40:02.728710Z 0 [Warning] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead 2017-04-17T09:40:02.729161Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000) 2017-04-17T09:40:02.729167Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: table_open_cache: 407 (requested 2000) [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chown 777 /etc/my.cnf [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart ERROR...
PS:这上面这一步困了好久
#错误如下 150718 00:03:38 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysqld.log'. 150718 00:03:38 mysqld_safe The file /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld does not exist or is not executable. Please cd to the mysql installation directory and restart this script from there as follows: ./bin/mysqld_safe&
解:mysqld_safe启动脚本默认的从/usr/local/mysql目录中读取另外一个启动脚本mysqld,因为我的安装目录为/var/mysql57 所以找不到相关文件。
[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# cd /usr/local [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/bin [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# ln -s /var/mysql57/bin/mysqld /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld
[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
四、其他操作
#加入环境变量 [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# vi /etc/profile ... export PATH=$PATH:/var/mysql57/bin ... #保存退出 :wq #获得初始密码 [root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# cat /root/.mysql_secret # Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2017-04-17 17:40:02 _pB*3VZl5T<6
#修改MySql密码 [root@hdp265dnsnfs bin]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 5 Server version: 5.7.18 Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> set PASSWORD = PASSWORD('111111'); Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) #添加远程访问权限 mysql> use mysql Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root'; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 mysql> select host,user from user; +-----------+-----------+ | host | user | +-----------+-----------+ | % | root | | localhost | mysql.sys | +-----------+-----------+ rows in set (0.00 sec) #create user 'xxx'@'%' identified by '123'; 这里 @‘%’ 表示在任何主机都可以登录 #重启生效(ps:CENTOS 6.* 系列使用service mysqld (start|stop|status)操作) [root@hdp265dnsnfs /]# bin/systemctl restart mysql.service [root@hdp265dnsnfs /]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! #在任何目录下可以登录MySql ln -s /var/mysql57/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql
五、将3360端口加入开放端口
# centos 7 firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent # centos 6 # 用vi编辑器打开文档添加以下:vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables # 打开端口: -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT # 关闭端口: -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 7777 -j DROP # 重启防火墙 /etc/init.d/iptables restart
CentOS 6: 1、开启端口(以80端口为例) 方法一: /sbin/iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 端口号 -j ACCEPT 写入修改 /etc/init.d/iptables save 保存修改 service iptables restart 重启防火墙,修改生效 方法二: vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables 打开配置文件加入如下语句: -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 端口号 -j ACCEPT 重启防火墙,修改完成 2、关闭端口 方法一: /sbin/iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 端口号 -j DROP 写入修改 /etc/init.d/iptables save 保存修改 service iptables restart 重启防火墙,修改生效 方法二: vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables 打开配置文件加入如下语句: -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 端口号 -j DROP 重启防火墙,修改完成 3、查看端口状态 /etc/init.d/iptables status
六、添加开机自启
chkconfig --add mysqld
PS:必要时关闭防火墙
# 查看有哪些端口被防火墙允许
firewall-cmd 命令 https://blog.csdn.net/s_p_j/article/details/80979450
firewall-cmd --list-ports
# centos 7 systemctl stop firewalld.service #停止firewall systemctl disable firewalld.service #禁止firewall开机启动 firewall-cmd --state #查看默认防火墙状态(关闭后显示notrunning,开启后显示running) # centos 6 # 临时关闭防火墙 service iptables stop # 永久关闭防火墙 chkconfig iptables off