简单分析实现运维利器---批量操作bashshell

背景

为了进一步完善自己写的小运维系统，今天就继续来补充一个批量操作bashshell，并记录操作用于审计！

 

一、思路

实现批量bashshell操作思路其实挺简单，同样是用到paramiko库，如果只写小脚本实现的可以参考我的另一篇文章Python

搞定繁琐运维之批量执行Linux命令，如果运用在web应用上，则需要websocket的帮助。

具体思路：

.打开websocket通道2.打开ssh通道3.执行shell4.反馈执行结果.5.保存操作记录

这个流程在Django运维系统基础功能之—web远程ssh终端这篇文章也讲述的很清楚。

但是我在想，实现批量操作需不需要做到像web终端一样？所有数据都要返回？我的答案是否定的，因为我觉得，要实行批量操作的时候，一般都只是做配置、备份、部署应用等。

因此只需要做到标准输入->标准输出或者错误输出即可。

 

二、实现

其实有上面的思路以及上述的两篇文章已经把细节讲的非常清楚了，在这里就不过多的阐述了，不清楚的可以看看上面提到的两篇文章，直接上代码供大家参考吧。

def batch(request):
    global hostnum, hostip, hostport, hostuser, hostpass
    if request.session.get('login')==None:
        return redirect('/sys/login/')
    if not request.is_websocket():
        dataa = models.host.objects.all()
        hostlist = (request.POST.get(f'{data.hostaddress}') for data in dataa)
        hostnum = 0
        hostip = []
        hostport = []
        hostuser = []
        hostpass = []
        for data in dataa:
            host = request.POST.get(f'{data.hostaddress}')
            if host != None:
                hostnum = hostnum + 1
                hostip.append(host)
                hostport.append(models.host.objects.get(hostaddress=host).hostport)
                hostuser.append(models.host.objects.get(hostaddress=host).hostuser)
                hostpass.append(models.host.objects.get(hostaddress=host).hostpass)
        return render(request,'html/batch.html',locals())
    else:
        if hostnum == 0 :
            nummessage = '没有选择主机.'
            request.websocket.send(nummessage.encode('utf-8'))
        else:
            wamessage = '等待主机连接ing...'
            request.websocket.send(wamessage.encode('utf-8'))
        a = []
        b = []
        c = []
        d = []
        for i in range(hostnum):
            a.append('client' + str(i))
            b.append('stdin' + str(i))
            c.append('stdout' + str(i))
            d.append('stderr' + str(i))
            a[i] = paramiko.SSHClient()  # 创建num个连接对象
            # client2 = paramiko.SSHClient()
            a[i].set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy)  # 添加num个主机名及主机密钥到本地HostKeys对象
            # client2.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy)
            try:
                a[i].connect(hostname=hostip[i], port=hostport[i], username=hostuser[i], password=hostpass[i])  # num个连接
                # client2.connect(hostname=ip[1],port=port[1],username=username[1],password=password[1])
                print(f'主机{hostip[i]}连接成功！')
                message = f'主机{hostip[i]}连接成功！'
                request.websocket.send(message.encode('utf-8'))
            except:
                print(f'主机{hostip[i]}连接失败，请确认列表信息！')
                message = f'主机{hostip[i]}连接失败，请确认列表信息！'
                request.websocket.send(message.encode('utf-8'))

        for shell in request.websocket:
            addactionshell = models.batchaction()
            addactionshell.hostaddress = hostip
            addactionshell.username = request.session['username']
            addactionshell.actionshell = shell.decode('utf-8')
            addactionshell.starttime = time.strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S")
            addactionshell.save()
            for i in range(hostnum):
                b[i], c[i], d[i] = a[i].exec_command(shell)  # num个对象执行e命令
                # print(f'----------------------{hostip[i]}执行结果----------------------')
                # print(c[i].read().decode('utf-8'))  # 打印正确输出
                # print(d[i].read().decode('utf-8'))  # 打印错误输出
                output = '-'*97 + f'{hostip[i]}执行结果' + '-'*90 + c[i].read().decode('utf-8')  + d[i].read().decode('utf-8')
                request.websocket.send(output.encode('utf-8'))

 

html页面：

{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% load static %}
{% block title %}批量执行{% endblock %}
{% block css %}
     <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'adminlet-2.4.10/bower_components/datatables.net-bs/css/dataTables.bootstrap.css' %}">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'asciinemaplayer/asciinema-player.css' %}">
{% endblock %}

<!-- 顶部内容  -->
{% block breadcrumb %}
    <!-- Content Header (Page header) -->
    <section class="content-header">
      <h1>批量执行</h1>
    </section>
{% endblock %}

<!-- 身体内容  -->
{% block content %}
<div class="col-md-4">
    <button type="button" style="float: left" class="btn btn-default" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#selecthost">选择主机</button>
</div>
    <!-- Modal选择主机模态框 -->
<div class="modal fade bs-example-modeal-sm" id="selecthost" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="selecthostLabel">
  <div class="modal-dialog modal-sm" role="document">
    <div class="modal-content">
      <div class="modal-header">
        <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span></button>
        <h4 class="modal-title" id="selecthostlLabel">请选择主机</h4>
      </div>
<form action="{% url 'batch' %}" method="post">
      {% csrf_token %}
      <div class="modal-body">
      <table class="table">
      <tbody>
              {% for data in dataa %}
                  <tr>
                      <td>
                          <label class="checkbox-inline">
                              <input type="checkbox" name="{{data.hostaddress}}" value="{{data.hostaddress}}">{{ data.hostaddress }}
                          </label>
                      </td>
                  </tr>
            {% endfor %}
      </tbody>
      </table>

      </div>

      <div class="modal-footer">
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-default" data-dismiss="modal">关闭</button>
        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" id="selhostip">确定</button>
      </div>
    </form>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>
<br><br>

    <!-- 批量连接box -->
    <div class="col-md-4">
<div class="box box-info" >
        <div class="box-header with-border">
          <h3 class="box-title">执行的主机</h3>
        </div>
        <div class="box-body">
        <table>
            {% for i in hostlist  %}
                {%  if i != None %}
                    <tr>
                        <td>{{i}}</td>
                    </tr>
                {% endif %}
            {% endfor %}
        </table>
        </div>
            <div class="box-footer">
               <a style="float: right" class="btn btn-success" id="conwebsocket">连接</a>
        </div>
      </div>
                          <label class="form-inline" >执行的命令：
            <input class="form-control" type="text" name="acshell" id="shell" value=''>
            <a class="btn btn-success" id="sendshell">确定</a><br>（只支持标准输入-标准输出-标准错误模式）
                    </label>
</div>

<div class="col-md-8">
<div class="box box-info" >
        <div class="box-header with-border">
          <h3 class="box-title">执行结果</h3>
        </div>
        <div class="box-body" id="showmess">

        </div>
      </div>
</div>


{% endblock %}

<!-- JS内容  -->
{% block script %}
<script src="{% static 'adminlet-2.4.10/bower_components/datatables.net/js/jquery.dataTables.min.js' %}"></script>
<script src="{% static 'adminlet-2.4.10/bower_components/datatables.net-bs/js/dataTables.bootstrap.min.js' %}"></script>
    <script src="/static/xterm_/jquery.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
    $(function () {
        $('#conwebsocket').click(function () {
            if (window.s) {
                window.s.close()
            }
            /*创建socket连接*/
            var socket = new WebSocket("ws://" + window.location.host + "{% url 'batch' %}");
            socket.onopen = function () {
                console.log('WebSocket open');//成功连接上Websocket
            };
            socket.onmessage = function (mess) {
                console.log('message: ' + mess.data);//打印出服务端返回过来的数据
                $('#showmess').prepend('<p>' + mess.data + '</p>');
            };
            // Call onopen directly if socket is already open
            if (socket.readyState == WebSocket.OPEN) socket.onopen();
            window.s = socket;
        });
        $('#sendshell').click(function () {
            //如果未连接到websocket
            if (!window.s) {
                $('#showmess').prepend('没有连接主机');
            } else {
                window.s.send($('#shell').val());//通过websocket发送数据
            }
        });
        $('#close_websocket').click(function () {
            if (window.s) {
                window.s.close();//关闭websocket
                console.log('websocket已关闭');
            }
        });

    });
    </script>
{% endblock %}

 

models：

class batchaction(models.Model):
    hostaddress = models.CharField(max_length=255)
    username = models.CharField(max_length=255)
    actionshell = models.CharField(max_length=255)
    starttime = models.CharField(max_length=255)

 

 

审计html，在录像的页面基础上添加：

  <!-- datatable 批量操作审计-->
  <div class="box box-default">

    <div class="box-header with-border">
      <h3 class="box-title">批量操作列表</h3>
    </div>

    <div class="box-body">
<table id="batchlist" class="display" style="100%">
                <thead>
        <tr>
          <th>主机地址</th>
          <th>操作人</th>
          <th>执行shell</th>
          <th>开始时间</th>
        </tr>
        </thead>
        <tbody>
      {% for batchacction in batchactionlist %}
          <tr>
          <td>{{ batchacction.hostaddress }}</td>
          <td>{{ batchacction.username }}</td>
          <td>{{ batchacction.actionshell }}</td>
          <td>{{ batchacction.starttime }}</td>
          </tr>
        {% endfor %}
        </tbody>
</table>
    </div>
  </div>

 

最终效果：

 

三、结束

好啦，Django运维系统之—批量操作bashshell，并记录操作用于审计的功能做到这里就结束咯。下次看看再补充一个执行shell脚本的功能吧。

执行shell脚本功能出来了好像上传文件的功能也差不多出来了哈哈…