第三方之---------------AFNetworking 2.5.0版本的使用

众所周知，苹果搞的一套框架NSContention发送请求与接收请求的方式十分繁琐。操作起来很不方便。不仅要做区分各种请求设置各种不同的参数，而且还要经常在多线程里操作，同时还要对请求与返回的数据做各种序列化的操作，同时还要考虑请求数据的安全等一堆问题。 一、早前的几个网络框架 1、ASI框架: HTTP终结者.很牛, 但是有BUG, 已经停止更新. 2、MKNetworkKit (印度人写的). 3、AFN一直还在更新. AFNetworking的出现：MAC/iOS设计的一套网络框架.(为了简化网络操作) 地址：https://github.com/AFNetworking/AFNetworking *AFN专注与网络数据传输,以及网络中多线程的处理. 二、AFNetworking的使用 1、AFN特性 : *登录传参数时,传递字典即可.(键名为参数名,键值为参数值). *自动到子线程中执行,执行完后返回主线程. *返回的结果自动序列化为NSDictionary. 2、使用AFN注意 : *AFHTTPRequestOperationManager封装了通过HTTP协议与Web应用程序进行通讯的常用方法.(这个实例化的时候不是单例, 因为没有shared字) *包括创建请求/响应序列化/网络监控/数据安全. *方法等都是以AF开头的. 3、AFN能做的 (网络中的都涵盖了): *GET/POST/PUT/DELETE/HEAD请求. *JSON数据解析/Plist数据解析.(不支持XML数据解析) *POSTJSON. *上传/下载. 4、使用步骤 : （可参考说明文档） 1.首先需要实例化一个请求管理器AFHTTPRequestOperationManager. 2.设置请求的数据格式:默认是二进制.(不是可改) *AFHTTPRequestSerializer(二进制) *AFJSONRequestSerializer(JSON) *AFPropertyListRequestSerializer(Plist) 3.设置响应的数据格式:默认是JSON.(不是可改) *AFHTTPResponseSerializer(二进制) *AFJSONResponseSerializer(JSON) *AFPropertyListResponseSerializer(Plist) *AFXMLParserResponseSerializer(XML) *AFImageResponseSerializer(Image) *AFCompoundResponseSerializer(组合的) 4.如果响应者的MIMEType不正确,就要修改acceptableContentTypes. 5.调用方法,发送响应的请求(GET/POST...). 
	三.AFNetworking 2.5.0版本的使用演示说明 http://afnetworking.com/ http://cocoadocs.org/docsets/AFNetworking/2.5.0/ 1. 下载源码并进行编译 源码地址 http://pan.baidu.com/s/1jG24w3W 2. 判断当前是否有网络,基准网址为 http://baidu.com/   源码: 可以用来监测WWAN或者WiFi或者断网状态;) // 基准baseURL NSURL *baseURL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://baidu.com/"]; AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [[AFHTTPRequestOperationManager alloc] initWithBaseURL:baseURL]; NSOperationQueue *operationQueue = manager.operationQueue; [manager.reachabilityManager setReachabilityStatusChangeBlock:^(AFNetworkReachabilityStatus status) { switch (status) { case AFNetworkReachabilityStatusReachableViaWWAN: case AFNetworkReachabilityStatusReachableViaWiFi: [operationQueue setSuspended:NO]; // 此处可以发送有网络通知 NSLog(@"有网络"); break; case AFNetworkReachabilityStatusNotReachable: default: [operationQueue setSuspended:YES]; // 此处可以发送断网通知 NSLog(@"断网了"); break; } }]; // 开始监测网络 [manager.reachabilityManager startMonitoring]; 3. 不带参数的GET请求 源码: // 初始化网址 NSString *requestAddress = @"http://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/forecast/daily?lat=39.88293652833437&lon=116.4621119300779&lang=zh_cn"; //1.请求管理器 AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager]; //2.请求 -- 不带参数的GET请求 [manager GET:requestAddress parameters:nil success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) { NSLog(@"%@", responseObject); } failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) { NSLog(@"%@", error); }]; 4. 带参数GET的请求 源码: // 初始化网址 NSString *requestAddress = @"http://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/forecast/daily"; //1.请求管理器 AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager]; //2.设置登录参数 NSDictionary *dict = @{@"lat" : @"39.88293652833437", @"lon" : @"116.4621119300779", @"lang" : @"zh_cn"}; //3.请求 -------参数的GET请求 [manager GET:requestAddress parameters:dict success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) { NSLog(@"%@", responseObject); } failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) { NSLog(@"%@", error); }]; 5. 不带参数的POST请求 源码: // 初始化网址 NSString *cityName = [@"北京" stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; NSString *requestAddress = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"http://apis.haoservice.com/weather?cityname=%@&key=1d309cc633984df791b51f48ddf09d4b", cityName]; //1.请求管理器 AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager]; manager.responseSerializer.acceptableContentTypes = [manager.responseSerializer.acceptableContentTypes setByAddingObject:@"text/html"]; // 2.请求 -------不带参数的POST请求 [manager POST:requestAddress parameters:nil success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) { NSLog(@"%@", responseObject); } failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) { NSLog(@"%@", error); }]; 6. 带参数的POST请求 源码: // 初始化网址 NSString *cityName = [@"北京" stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; NSString *requestAddress = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"http://apis.haoservice.com/weather"]; //1.请求管理者 AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager]; manager.responseSerializer.acceptableContentTypes = [manager.responseSerializer.acceptableContentTypes setByAddingObject:@"text/html"]; //2.请求登录参数 NSDictionary *dict = @{@"cityname" : cityName, @"key" : @"1d309cc633984df791b51f48ddf09d4b"}; //3.请求 -----------------带参数的POST请求 [manager POST:requestAddress parameters:dict success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) { NSLog(@"%@", responseObject); } failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) { NSLog(@"%@", error); }]; 附录: 基于URL-form-encodes Body方式的POST请求 // 初始化网址 NSString *cityName = [@"北京" stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; NSString *requestAddress = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"http://apis.haoservice.com/weather"]; //1.请求管理器 AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager]; //2. 设定类型 // 创建 URL-form-encodes HTTP message bodies manager.requestSerializer = [AFJSONRequestSerializer serializer]; // 接受的数据类型 manager.responseSerializer.acceptableContentTypes = [manager.responseSerializer.acceptableContentTypes setByAddingObject:@"text/html"]; //3.发送请求 带参数的POST请求 [manager POST:requestAddress parameters:@{@"cityname" : cityName, @"key" : @"1d309cc633984df791b51f48ddf09d4b"} success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) { NSLog(@"%@", responseObject); } failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) { NSLog(@"%@", error); }]; 7. 文件下载  用AFN来POST JSON数据，上传、下载等 // // ViewController.m // AFNetworking2.5.0 // // Created by XianMingYou on 15/2/14. // Copyright (c) 2015年 XianMingYou. All rights reserved. // #import "ViewController.h" @interface ViewController () @end @implementation ViewController - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; // 定义一个progress指针 NSProgress *progress; // 创建一个URL链接 NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://41.duote.com.cn/2345explorer.exe"]; // 初始化一个请求 NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url]; // 获取一个Session管理器 AFHTTPSessionManager *session = [AFHTTPSessionManager manager]; // 开始下载任务 NSURLSessionDownloadTask *downloadTask = [session downloadTaskWithRequest:request progress:&progress destination:^NSURL *(NSURL *targetPath, NSURLResponse *response) { // 拼接一个文件夹路径 NSURL *documentsDirectoryURL = [[NSFileManager defaultManager] URLForDirectory:NSDocumentDirectory inDomain:NSUserDomainMask appropriateForURL:nil create:NO error:nil]; // 根据网址信息拼接成一个完整的文件存储路径并返回给block return [documentsDirectoryURL URLByAppendingPathComponent:[response suggestedFilename]]; } completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, NSURL *filePath, NSError *error) { // 结束后移除掉这个progress [progress removeObserver:self forKeyPath:@"fractionCompleted" context:nil]; }]; // 设置这个progress的唯一标示符 [progress setUserInfoObject:@"someThing" forKey:@"Y.X."]; [downloadTask resume]; // 给这个progress添加监听任务 [progress addObserver:self forKeyPath:@"fractionCompleted" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew context:nil]; } - (void)observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath ofObject:(id)object change:(NSDictionary *)change context:(void *)context { if ([keyPath isEqualToString:@"fractionCompleted"] && [object isKindOfClass:[NSProgress class]]) { NSProgress *progress = (NSProgress *)object; NSLog(@"Progress is %f", progress.fractionCompleted); } } @end 8. 文件上传 单文件上传 - (没有办法做试验演示) NSURLSessionConfiguration *configuration = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration]; AFURLSessionManager *manager = [[AFURLSessionManager alloc] initWithSessionConfiguration:configuration]; NSURL *URL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://example.com/upload"]; NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:URL]; NSURL *filePath = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"file://path/to/image.png"]; NSURLSessionUploadTask *uploadTask = [manager uploadTaskWithRequest:request fromFile:filePath progress:nil completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, id responseObject, NSError *error) { if (error) { NSLog(@"Error: %@", error); } else { NSLog(@"Success: %@ %@", response, responseObject); } }]; [uploadTask resume]; 多文件上传 - (没有办法做试验演示) NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer] multipartFormRequestWithMethod:@"POST" URLString:@"http://example.com/upload" parameters:nil constructingBodyWithBlock:^(id<AFMultipartFormData> formData) { [formData appendPartWithFileURL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"file://path/to/image.jpg"] name:@"file" fileName:@"filename.jpg" mimeType:@"image/jpeg" error:nil]; } error:nil]; AFURLSessionManager *manager = [[AFURLSessionManager alloc] initWithSessionConfiguration:[NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration]]; NSProgress *progress = nil; NSURLSessionUploadTask *uploadTask = [manager uploadTaskWithStreamedRequest:request progress:&progress completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, id responseObject, NSError *error) { if (error) { NSLog(@"Error: %@", error); } else { NSLog(@"%@ %@", response, responseObject); } }]; [uploadTask resume]; 9. Request Serialization Request serializers create requests from URL strings, encoding parameters as either a query string or HTTP body. 请求序列化是为了从URL字符串创建出编码后的参数,或者是序列字典,或者是HTTP实体. NSString *URLString = @"http://example.com"; NSDictionary *parameters = @{@"foo": @"bar", @"baz": @[@1, @2, @3]}; QUERY STRING PARAMETER ENCODING 字符串序列编码 [[AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer] requestWithMethod:@"GET" URLString:URLString parameters:parameters error:nil]; GET请求 http://example.com?foo=bar&baz[]=1&baz[]=2&baz[]=3 URL FORM PARAMETER ENCODING URL表单编码 [[AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer] requestWithMethod:@"POST" URLString:URLString parameters:parameters]; POST请求 http://example.com/ Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded foo=bar&baz[]=1&baz[]=2&baz[]=3 JSON PARAMETER ENCODING JSON编码 [[AFJSONRequestSerializer serializer] requestWithMethod:@"POST" URLString:URLString parameters:parameters]; POST请求 http://example.com/ Content-Type: application/json {"foo": "bar", "baz": [1,2,3]}

 

 

 

 推荐文章:http://blog.csdn.net/xn4545945/article/details/37945711 里面有详细解释和使用步骤