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  • Python之前端

    JavaScript、Dom、jQuery

    本节内容:

    • JavaScript基础
    • Dom编程
    • jQeury

    JavaScript基础

    JavaScript是一种属于网络的脚本语言,已经被广泛用于Web应用开发,常用来为网页添加各式各样的动态功能,为用户提供更流畅美观的浏览效果。通常JavaScript脚本是通过嵌入在HTML中来实现自身的功能的。

    1、存在形式

    1、文件形式
        <script src="js/oldboy.js"></script>
    2、嵌入html
        <script type='text/javascript'>alert('page');</script>

    2、代码块的位置

      <body>标签内的代码底部

    3、变量和函数的声明

    1、全局变量和局部变量
        name = 'xs'
        var name = 'xs'
     
    2、基本函数和自执行函数
        function Foo(arg){
            console.log(arg);
        }
     
        (function (arg) {
            alert(arg);
        })('xs')

    4、字符串常用方法和属性

    obj.trim()
    obj.charAt(index)
    obj.substring(start,end)
    obj.indexOf(char)
    obj.length

    5、数组

    声明,如:
        var array = Array() 或 var array = []
     
    添加
        obj.push(ele)                   追加
        obj.unshift(ele)                最前插入
        obj.splice(index,0,'content')   指定索引插入
     
    移除
        obj.pop()                       数组尾部获取
        obj.shift()                     数组头部获取
        obj.splice(index,count)         数组指定位置后count个字符
     
    切片
        obj.slice(start,end)           
     
    合并
        newArray = obj1.concat(obj2)   
     
    翻转
        obj.reverse()
     
    字符串化
        obj.join('_')
     
    长度
        obj.length

    注意:字典是一种特殊的数组

    6、循环

    var a = '123456789';
    for(var i=0;i<10;i++){
         console.log(a[i]);
    }<br>
    for(var item in a){
         console.log(a[item]);
    }

    7、异常处理

    try{
        
    }catch(e) {
         
    }finally{
         
    }

    DOM编程

    文件对象模型(Document Object Model,简称DOM),是W3C组织推荐的处理可扩展标志语言的标准编程接口。

    选择器:

    • document.getElementById('id')
    • document.getElementsByName('name')
    • document.getElementsByTagName('tagname')

    常用函数:

    • 创建标签,document.createElement('a')
         
    • 获取或者修改样式
      obj.className  
    • 获取或设置属性
      setattribute(key,val)    getattribute(key)
    • 获取或修改样式中的属性
      obj.style.属性
                
    • 提交表单
      document.geElementById(‘form’).submit()

    常用事件:

    • onclick
    • onblur
    • onfocus
    • on...
    onload和ready
        body标签添加onload事件 或者 window.onload = function(){} 
            覆盖上一个onload只能注册一次,而ready就可以多次注册
        $(document).ready(function(){}) 或者 $(function(){})
    onload是所有DOM元素创建、图片加载完毕后才触发的。而ready则是DOM元素创建完毕后触发的,不等图片加载完毕。图片还么有渲染,就可以进行事件的执行。

    其他函数:

    • console.log()
    • location.href = "url" 和 open('url')
    • alert()
    • confirm()
    • setInterval("alert()",2000);    clearInterval(obj)
    • setTimeout();    clearTimeout(obj)
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
        <head>
            <meta charset='utf-8' >
            <title>欢迎blue shit莅临指导&nbsp;&nbsp;</title>
            <script type='text/javascript'>
                function Go(){
                    var content = document.title;
                    var firstChar = content.charAt(0)
                    var sub = content.substring(1,content.length)
                    document.title = sub + firstChar;
                }
                setInterval('Go()',1000);
            </script>
        </head>
        <body>    
        </body>
    </html>
    跑马灯
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
        <head>
            <meta charset='utf-8' />
            <title></title>
            
            <style>
                .gray{
                    color:gray;
                }
                .black{
                    color:black;
                }
            </style>
            <script type="text/javascript">
                function Enter(){
                   var id= document.getElementById("tip")
                   id.className = 'black';
                   if(id.value=='请输入关键字'||id.value.trim()==''){
                        id.value = ''
                   }
                }
                function Leave(){
                    var id= document.getElementById("tip")
                    var val = id.value;
                    if(val.length==0||id.value.trim()==''){
                        id.value = '请输入关键字'
                        id.className = 'gray';
                    }else{
                        id.className = 'black';
                    }
                }
            </script>
        </head>
        <body>
            <input type='text' class='gray' id='tip' value='请输入关键字' onfocus='Enter();'  onblur='Leave();'/>
        </body>
    </html>
    搜索框

    jQuery

    jQuery是一个兼容多浏览器的javascript库,核心理念是write less,do more(写得更少,做得更多),对javascript进行了封装,是的更加便捷的开发,并且在兼容性方面十分优秀。

    1. 选择器和筛选
    2. 属性
    3. css
    4. 文档处理
    5. 事件
    6. 扩展
    7. ajax

    ps:链式编程

    更多见:http://www.php100.com/manual/jquery/

    实例

    返回顶部

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title></title>
        <style>
            .back{
                position: fixed;
                bottom: 0px;
                right: 0px;
            }
            .hide{
                display: none;
            }
        </style>
    </head>
    <body>
    
    <div style="height: 2000px;"></div>
    
    <div onclick="GoTop()" class="back hide">返回顶部</div>
    
    <script src="jquery-1.8.2.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
    
        function GoTop(){
            //返回顶部
            $(window).scrollTop(0);
        }
    
        $(function(){
    
            $(window).scroll(function(){
                //当滚动滑轮时,执行函数体
    
                //获取当前滑轮滚动的高度
                var top = $(window).scrollTop();
    
                if(top>100){
                    //展示“返回顶部”
                    $('.back').removeClass('hide');
                }else{
                    //隐藏“返回顶部”
                    $('.back').addClass('hide');
                }
            });
        });
    
    </script>
    
    </body>
    </html>
    demo

    终极版下载

    多选框

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
        <head>
            <meta charset='utf-8' />
            <title></title>
            <script type="text/javascript" src='jquery-1.8.2.js'></script>
            <script type="text/javascript">
                $(function(){
                    $('#selectAll').click(function(){
                        $('#checklist :checkbox').prop('checked',true);
                    })
                    $('#unselectAll').click(function(){
                        $('#checklist :checkbox').prop('checked',false);
                    })
                    $('#reverseAll').click(function(){
                        $('#checklist :checkbox').each(function(){
                            $(this).prop('checked',!$(this).prop('checked'))
                        })
                    })
    
                })            
            </script>
        </head>
        <body>
            <div id='checklist'>
                <input type='checkbox' value='1'/>篮球
                <input type='checkbox' value='2'/>足球
                <input type='checkbox' value='3'/>羽毛球
            </div>
            <input type='button' value='全选' id='selectAll' />
            <input type='button' value='不选' id='unselectAll' />
            <input type='button' value='反选' id='reverseAll' />
        </body>
    </html>
    View Code

    菜单

    .hide{
        display: none;
    }
    
    .container{
        300px;
        height: 600px;
        background-color: #ddd;
        border: 1px solid #999;
    }
    
    .container .title{
        height: 38px;
        font-size: 28px;
        line-height: 38px;
        background-color: orange;
        cursor: pointer;
    }
    
    .container .body{
        background-color:white;
    }
    
    .container .body a{
        display:block;
        padding: 10px;
    }
    css
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
        <head>
            <meta charset='utf-8' />
            <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="common.css" />
            <script type="text/javascript" src='jquery-1.8.2.js'></script>
    
        </head>
        <body>
            <div class='container'>
                <div>
                    <div class='title'>Menu1</div>
                    <div class='body'>
                        <a href="">content1</a>
                        <a href="">content2</a>
                        <a href="">content3</a>
                    </div>
                </div>
    
                <div>
                    <div class='title'>Menu1</div>
                    <div class='body hide'>
                        <a href="">content1</a>
                        <a href="">content2</a>
                        <a href="">content3</a>
                    </div>
                </div>
    
                <div>
                    <div class='title'>Menu1</div>
                    <div class='body hide'>
                        <a href="">content1</a>
                        <a href="">content2</a>
                        <a href="">content3</a>
                    </div>
                </div>
                
                <div>
                    <div class='title'>Menu1</div>
                    <div class='body hide'>
                        <a href="">content1</a>
                        <a href="">content2</a>
                        <a href="">content3</a>
                    </div>
                </div>
                
                <div>
                    <div class='title'>Menu1</div>
                    <div class='body hide'>
                        <a href="">content1</a>
                        <a href="">content2</a>
                        <a href="">content3</a>
                    </div>
                </div>
    
            </div>
    
            <script type="text/javascript">
                $(function(){
                    $('.title').click(function(){
                        $(this).parent().siblings().children('.body').addClass('hide');
                        $(this).next().removeClass('hide');
                    });
                });
            </script>
        </body>
    </html>
    Html

    Tab

    /*公共开始*/
    body {
        margin: 0 auto;
        font-family: Arial;
        _font-family: 宋体,Arial;
        font-size: 12px;
    }
    body, dl, dt, dd, ul, ol, li, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, pre, code, form, fieldset, legend, input, button, textarea, p, blockquote, th, td, figure, div {
        margin: 0;
        padding: 0;
    }
    
    ol, ul, li {
        list-style: none;
    }
    a{
        cursor:pointer;
        text-decoration:none;
    }
    /*a:hover{
        color: #F60 !important;
        text-decoration: underline;
    }*/
    img{
        border:none;
        border-0px;
    }
    table{
        border-collapse: collapse;
        border-spacing: 0;
    }
    
    .red{
        color: #c00!important;
    }
    .m8{
        margin:8px;
    }
    .mt10{
        margin-top:10px;
    }
    .mt20{
        margin-top:20px;
    }
    .mr5{
        margin-right:5px;
    }
    .ml5{
        margin-left:5px;
    }
    
    .ml10{
        margin-left:10px;
    }
    
    .mb10{
        margin-bottom:10px;
    }
    .pt18{
        padding-top:18px;
    }
    .pt20{
        padding-top:20px;
    }
    .pb20{
        padding-bottom:20px;
    }
    .nbr{
        border-right:0px;
    }
    .font12{
        font-size:12px;
    }
    .font14{
        font-size:14px;
    }
    .font16{
        font-size:16px;
    }
    .bold{
        font-weight:bold;
    }
    .left{
        float:left;
    }
    .right{
        float:right;
    }
    .hide{
        display:none;
    }
    .show{
         display:table;
    }
    .clearfix{
        clear:both;
    }
    .clearfix:after {
        content: ".";
        display: block;
        height: 0;
        clear: both;
        visibility: hidden;
    }
    * html .clearfix {zoom: 1;}
    
    .container{
        1190px;
        margin-left:auto;
        margin-right:auto;
    
    }
    
    .group-box-1 .title{
        height: 33px;
        line-height: 33px;
        border: 1px solid #DDD;
        background: #f5f5f5;
        padding-top: 0;
        padding-left: 0;
                    
    }
    .group-box-1 .title .title-font{
        display: inline-block;
        font-size: 14px;
        font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei','SimHei';
        font-weight: bold;
        color: #333;
        padding-left: 10px;
    }
    .group-box-1 .body {
        border: 1px solid #e4e4e4;
        border-top: none;
    }
    
    .tab-menu-box1 {
        border: 1px solid #ddd;
        margin-bottom: 20px;
    }
    
    .tab-menu-box1 .menu {
        line-height: 33px;
        height: 33px;
        background-color: #f5f5f5;
    }
    
    .tab-menu-box1 .content {
        min-height: 100px;
        border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
        background-color: white;
    }
    
    .tab-menu-box1 .menu ul {
        padding: 0;
        margin: 0;
        list-style: none;
        /*position: absolute;*/
    }
    
    .tab-menu-box1 .menu ul li {
        position: relative;
        float: left;
        font-size: 14px;
        font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei','SimHei';
        text-align: center;
        font-size: 14px;
        font-weight: bold;
        border-right: 1px solid #ddd;
        padding: 0 18px;
        cursor: pointer;
    }
    
    .tab-menu-box1 .menu ul li:hover {
        color: #c9033b;
    }
    
    .tab-menu-box1 .menu .more {
        float: right;
        font-size: 12px;
        padding-right: 10px;
        font-family: "宋体";
        color: #666;
        text-decoration: none;
    }
    
    .tab-menu-box1 .menu a:hover {
        color: #f60 !important;
        text-decoration: underline;
    }
    
    .tab-menu-box1 .menu .current {
        margin-top: -1px;
        color: #c9033b;
        background: #fff;
        height: 33px;
        border-top: 2px solid #c9033b;
        z-index: 10;
    }
    
    .tab-menu-box-2 .float-title {
        display: none;
        top: 0px;
        position: fixed;
        z-index: 50;
    }
    
    .tab-menu-box-2 .title {
         890px;
        border-bottom: 2px solid #b20101;
        border-left: 1px solid #e1e1e1;
        clear: both;
        height: 32px;
    }
    
    .tab-menu-box-2 .title a {
        float: left;
         107px;
        height: 31px;
        line-height: 31px;
        font-size: 14px;
        font-weight: bold;
        text-align: center;
        border-top: 1px solid #e1e1e1;
        border-right: 1px solid #e1e1e1;
        background: url(/Content/images/bg4.png?3) 0 -308px repeat-x;
        text-decoration: none;
        color: #333;
        cursor: pointer;
    }
    
    .tab-menu-box-2 .title a:hover {
        background-position: -26px -271px;
        text-decoration: none;
        color: #fff;
    }
    
    .tab-menu-box-2 .content {
        min-height: 100px;
        background-color: white;
    }
    
    
    .tab-menu-box3 {
        border: 1px solid #ddd;
    }
    
    .tab-menu-box3 .menu {
        line-height: 33px;
        height: 33px;
        background-color: #f5f5f5;
    }
    
    .tab-menu-box3 .content {
        height: 214px;
        border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
        background-color: white;
    }
    
    .tab-menu-box3 .menu ul {
        padding: 0;
        margin: 0;
        list-style: none;
        /*position: absolute;*/
    }
    
    .tab-menu-box3 .menu ul li {
        position: relative;
        float: left;
        font-size: 14px;
        font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei','SimHei';
        text-align: center;
        font-size: 14px;
        50%;
        cursor: pointer;
    }
     
    .tab-menu-box3 .menu ul li:hover {
        color: #c9033b;
    }
    
    .tab-menu-box3 .menu .more {
        float: right;
        font-size: 12px;
        padding-right: 10px;
        font-family: "宋体";
        color: #666;
        text-decoration: none;
    }
    
    .tab-menu-box3 .menu a:hover {
        color: #f60 !important;
        text-decoration: underline;
        font-weight: bold;
    }
    
    .tab-menu-box3 .menu .current {
    
        margin-top: -1px;
        color: #c9033b;
        background: #fff;
        height: 33px;
        border-top: 2px solid #c9033b;
        z-index: 10;
        font-weight: bold;
        
    }
    
    /*公共结束*/
    css
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head></head>
    <link href="common.css" rel="stylesheet" />
    <body>
        <div class='container'>
            <div class='tab-menu-box1'>
                <div class='menu'>
                    <ul id='tab-menu-title'>
                        <li class='current' content-to='1'>价格趋势</li>
                        <li content-to='2'>市场分布</li>
                        <li content-to='3'>其他</li>
                    </ul>
                </div>
    
                <div id='tab-menu-body' class='content'>
                    <div content='1'>content1</div>
                    <div content='2' class='hide'>content2</div>
                    <div content='3' class='hide'>content3</div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
        <script src="./jquery-1.8.2.js"></script>
        <script type='text/javascript'>
        $(function(){
            ChangeTab('#tab-menu-title', '#tab-menu-body');
        })
        function ChangeTab(title, body) {
                $(title).children().bind("click", function () {
                    $menu = $(this);
                    $content = $(body).find('div[content="' + $(this).attr("content-to") + '"]');
                    $menu.addClass('current').siblings().removeClass('current');
                    $content.removeClass('hide').siblings().addClass('hide');
                });
            }
        </script>
    </body>
    </html>
    html

    滚动菜单

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head lang="en">
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title></title>
        <style>
    
            body{
                margin: 0px;
            }
            img {
                border: 0;
            }
            ul{
                padding: 0;
                margin: 0;
                list-style: none;
            }
            .clearfix:after {
                content: ".";
                display: block;
                height: 0;
                clear: both;
                visibility: hidden;
            }
    
            .wrap{
                 980px;
                margin: 0 auto;
            }
            
            .pg-header{
                background-color: #303a40;
                -webkit-box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,.2);
                -moz-box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,.2);
                box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,.2);
            }
            .pg-header .logo{
                float: left;
                padding:5px 10px 5px 0px;
            }
            .pg-header .logo img{
                vertical-align: middle;
                 110px;
                height: 40px;
    
            }
            .pg-header .nav{
                line-height: 50px;
            }
            .pg-header .nav ul li{
                float: left;
            }
            .pg-header .nav ul li a{
                display: block;
                color: #ccc;
                padding: 0 20px;
                text-decoration: none;
                font-size: 14px;
            }
            .pg-header .nav ul li a:hover{
                color: #fff;
                background-color: #425a66;
            }
            .pg-body{
    
            }
            .pg-body .catalog{
                position: absolute;
                top:60px;
                 200px;
                background-color: #fafafa;
                bottom: 0px;
            }
            .pg-body .catalog.fixed{
                position: fixed;
                top:10px;
            }
    
            .pg-body .catalog .catalog-item.active{
                color: #fff;
                background-color: #425a66;
            }
    
            .pg-body .content{
                position: absolute;
                top:60px;
                 700px;
                margin-left: 210px;
                background-color: #fafafa;
                overflow: auto;
            }
            .pg-body .content .section{
                height: 500px;
            }
        </style>
    </head>
    <body>
    
        <div class="pg-header">
            <div class="wrap clearfix">
                <div class="logo">
                    <a href="#">
                        <img src="http://core.pc.lietou-static.com/revs/images/common/logo_7012c4a4.pn">
                    </a>
                </div>
                <div class="nav">
                    <ul>
                        <li>
                            <a  href="#">首页</a>
                        </li>
                        <li>
                            <a  href="#">功能一</a>
                        </li>
                        <li>
                            <a  href="#">功能二</a>
                        </li>
                    </ul>
                </div>
    
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="pg-body">
            <div class="wrap">
                <div class="catalog">
                    <div class="catalog-item" auto-to="function1"><a>第1张</a></div>
                    <div class="catalog-item" auto-to="function2"><a>第2张</a></div>
                    <div class="catalog-item" auto-to="function3"><a>第3张</a></div>
                </div>
                <div class="content">
                    <div menu="function1" class="section">
                        <h1>第一章</h1>
                    </div>
                    <div menu="function2" class="section">
                        <h1>第二章</h1>
                    </div>
                    <div menu="function3" class="section">
                        <h1>第三章</h1>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
    
        </div>
    
        <script type="text/javascript" src="../js/jquery-1.8.2.min.js"></script>
        <script type="text/javascript">
            $(function(){
                Init();
            });
            function Init(){
                $(window).scroll(function() {
                    var scrollTop = $(window).scrollTop();
                    if(scrollTop > 50){
                        $('.catalog').addClass('fixed');
                    }else{
                        $('.catalog').removeClass('fixed');
                    }
                    $('.content').children().each(function(){
                        var offSet = $(this).offset();
                        var offTop = offSet.top - scrollTop;
                        var height = $(this).height();
    
                        if(offTop<=0 && offTop> -height){
                            //去除其他
                            //添加自己
                            var docHeight = $(document).height();
                            var winHeight = $(window).height();
    
                            if(docHeight == winHeight+scrollTop)
                            {
                                $('.catalog').find('div:last-child').addClass('active').siblings().removeClass('active');
                            }else{
                                var target = $(this).attr('menu');
                                $('.catalog').find('div[auto-to="'+target+'"]').addClass('active').siblings().removeClass('active');
                            }
    
    
                        }
                    });
    
                });
    
    
            }
    
        </script>
    </body>
    </html>
    demo

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/fanweibin/p/5419090.html
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