1 下载mysql
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
2 上传mysql压缩包到系统中
3 解压mysql压缩包 并移动到/usr/local文件夹下
tar zxvf mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.7.33-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
mv mysql /usr/local/
4 处理依赖
yum search libaio
yum install libaio
yum install libncurses*
5 设置权限
为centos添加mysql用户组和mysql用户(-s /bin/false参数指定mysql用户仅拥有所有权，而没有登录权限):
groupadd mysql useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
6 修改mysql目录权限
进入安装mysql软件的目录，命令如下：
cd /usr/local/mysql
修改当前目录拥有者为新建的mysql用户，命令如下：
chown -R mysql:mysql ./
7 创建数据存储目录 并授权
mkdir –p /usr/local/mysql/data
chown -R mysql:mysql ./
8 执行安装
./bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/ –initialize
[root@mysql5 mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/ --initialize
2021-03-10T13:34:43.269366Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2021-03-10T13:34:43.422428Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2021-03-10T13:34:43.452588Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2021-03-10T13:34:43.461956Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 5f5f97d9-81a5-11eb-b807-000c2931e704.
2021-03-10T13:34:43.462977Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2021-03-10T13:34:44.778920Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2021-03-10T13:34:44.959886Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: v&C/WLrd4mC3
[root@mysql5 mysql]#
默认密码为 最后的随机字符串
本例子中为 v&C/WLrd4mC3
9 开启mysql服务
./support-files/mysql.server start
10 将mysql进程放入系统进程中，命令如下：
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
11.添加配置信息
vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
port=3306
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
user=root
max_connections=151
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# 设置忽略大小写
lower_case_table_names = 1
# 指定编码
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
#指定客户端连接mysql时的socket通信文件路径
[client]
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8
12重新启动mysql服务，命令如下：
service mysqld restart
13 添加mysql环境变量
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
14 修改root密码
mysql –u root –p
输入密码
alter user ‘root’@’localhost’ identified by ‘111111’;
flush privileges;
exit;
15 用新密码登录
mysql –u root –p111111