二进制mariadb多实例

实验环境：

centos7.6 ：IP： 192.168.99.110

1、首先下载二进制的压缩包，解压到一个指定的目录/hx/下

[root@centos7 hx]#tar xf mariadb-10.2.23-linux-x86_64.tar.gz 
[root@centos7 hx]#ls
mariadb-10.2.23-linux-x86_64  mariadb-10.2.23-linux-x86_64.tar.gz  mysqld
[root@centos7 hx]#mv mariadb-10.2.23-linux-x86_64 mysql

 2、在/usr/local/mysql/目录内新建多实例数据库的几个目录：这里3个实例的端口号为：3344,3355,3366

[root@centos7 local]#mkdir -p ./mysql/{3344,3355,3366}/{etc,bin,log,socket,data，pid}

3、先创建一个系统用户mysql，然后使用二进制目录里的脚本生成各自的数据目录

[root@centos7 hx]#useradd -r -s /sbin/nolgoin -d /data/mysql  mysql  
[root@centos7 hx]#getent passwd mysql 
mysql:x:997:995::/data/mysql:/sbin/nolgoin

 报错：提示缺少一个依赖的库文件，我们使用yum安装一下这个libaio

[root@centos7 hx]#/hx/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/3344/data/  #第一个实例：指定用户和生成数据库的目录
Installing MariaDB/MySQL system tables in '/usr/local/mysql/3344/data/' ...
OK   #有提示ok就说明成功了，也可以到/data/目录看一下
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

[root@centos7 hx]#/hx/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/3344/data/   #第二个实例
Installing MariaDB/MySQL system tables in '/usr/local/mysql/3344/data/' ...
OK 
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

[root@centos7 hx]#/hx/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/3344/data/  #第三个实例
Installing MariaDB/MySQL system tables in '/usr/local/mysql/3344/data/' ...
OK 
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

4、拷贝/etc/my.cnf配置文件到3个实例下的etc目录

cp /etc/my.cnf /usr/local/mysql/3344/etc/
vim /usr/local/mysql/3344/etc/   #添加一下几行，修改完后再拷贝到其他几个实例的etc目录内

5、准备个简单的启动脚本，修改相应的参数拷贝到实例的bin目录内，并赋予执行权限

#!/bin/bash
#chkconfig: 35 80 2
port=3344
mysql_user="root"    
mysql_pwd="xu"       
cmd_path="/hx/mysql/bin/"     #此处设置为二进制mariadb目录的路径
mysql_basedir="/usr/local/mysql/"   #设置三个实例的路径
mysql_sock="${mysql_basedir}/${port}/socket/mysql.sock"    #指定socket文件路径
function_start_mysql()
{
    if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
      printf "Starting MySQL...
"
      ${cmd_path}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=${mysql_basedir}/${port}/etc/my.cnf  &> /dev/null  &
    else
      printf "MySQL is running...
"
      exit
    fi
}
function_stop_mysql()
       printf "MySQL is stopped...
"
       exit
    else
       printf "Stoping MySQL...
"
       ${cmd_path}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user}  -S ${mysql_sock} shutdown
   fi
}
function_restart_mysql()
{
    printf "Restarting MySQL...
"
    function_stop_mysql
    sleep 2
    function_start_mysql
}
case $1 in
start)
    function_start_mysql
;;
stop)
    function_stop_mysql
;;
restart)
    function_restart_mysql
;;
*)
    printf "Usage: ${mysql_basedir}/${port}/bin/mysqld {start|stop|restart}
"
esac

 6、最后设置一下权限：二进制目录和mysql多实例的目录属主和数组都设置为mysql

通过脚本启动数据库，然后查看端口，3344,3355,3366三个实例都已经启动

[root@centos7 3344]#ss -ntl 
State       Recv-Q Send-Q         Local Address:Port                        Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN      0      128                        *:22                                     *:*                  
LISTEN      0      100                127.0.0.1:25                                     *:*                  
LISTEN      0      80                        :::3344    ###                           :::*                  
LISTEN      0      128                       :::22                                    :::*                  
LISTEN      0      100                      ::1:25                                    :::*                  
LISTEN      0      80                        :::3355    ###                           :::*                  
LISTEN      0      80                        :::3366    ###                           :::*                  

可以把二进制目录下的bin目录加入环境变量里，然后直接使用mysql -S 。 登录数据库时需要加 -S 指定socket文件进行登录，