Spring单元测试

1.下载Spring4所需要的jar包，包括如下：spring-core、spring-context、spring-jdbc、spring-beans、spring-web、spring-expression、spring-orm等或创建maven项目来管理jar包；

2.创建maven项目， 在pom.xml中编写Spring需要的jar包，maven会自动下载这些包以及相关的依赖jar包，在pom.xml中的代码如下：

<properties>
          <!-- spring的版本号 -->
          <spring-version>4.1.4.RELEASE</spring-version>
      </properties>
      <dependencies>
          <dependency>
              <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
              <version>${spring-version}</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
              <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
              <version>${spring-version}</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
              <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
              <version>${spring-version}</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
              <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
              <version>${spring-version}</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
              <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
              <version>${spring-version}</version>
          </dependency><dependency>
              <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
              <version>${spring-version}</version>
          </dependency>
          <dependency>
              <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
              <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
              <version>${spring-version}</version>
          </dependency>
    </dependencies>

3.编写Service接口及其实现类

package com.youms.ssh.webService.service;

public interface UserService {
    public void test();
}

package com.youms.ssh.webService.service.impl;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.youms.ssh.webService.service.UserService;

@Service("userService")
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{

    @Override
    public void test() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("Hello Spring!");
    }

}

4.在src/main/resources目录下创建一个spring.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
               ">
    <!-- 自动扫描service包(自动注入) -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.youms.ssh.webService" />

</beans>

5.导入junit包，在src/test/java下创建测试类

package test;

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.youms.ssh.webService.service.UserService;

public class SpringTest {
    //ApplicationContext继承自BeanFactory接口，
    //其实现类能寻找指定的XML配置文件，找到并装载完成ApplicationContext的实例化工作
    private ApplicationContext ac = null;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        //配置文件的路径,可以是多个 文件
        String[] configs = {"classpath:spring.xml"};
        //通过spring.xml配置文件创建Spring的应用程序上下文环境
        ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(configs);
    }

    @After
    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
    }

    @Test
    public void test() {
        UserService userService = (UserService) ac.getBean("userService");
        userService.test();
    }

}

JUnit运行test（）方法，控制台输出Hello Spring!说明Spring单元测试成功！