paramiko

1.paramiko

用于帮助开发者通过代码远程连接服务器，并对服务器进行操作。

pip3 install paramiko 

远程执行命令【用户名和密码】

import paramiko

# 创建SSH对象
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

# 连接服务器
ssh.connect(hostname='192.168.16.85', port=22, username='root', password='123456')

# 执行命令
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')
# 获取命令结果
result = stdout.read()
# 关闭连接
ssh.close()

print(result.decode('utf-8'))

远程执行命令【公钥和私钥】(公钥必须提前上传到服务器)

import paramiko

private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(r'C:/Users/Administrator/.ssh/id_rsa')

# 创建SSH对象
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
# 连接服务器
ssh.connect(hostname='192.168.16.85', port=22, username='root', pkey=private_key)

# 执行命令
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')
# 获取命令结果
result = stdout.read()

# 关闭连接
ssh.close()

print(result)

远程上传和下载文件【用户名和密码】

import paramiko

transport = paramiko.Transport(('192.168.16.85', 22))
transport.connect(username='root', password='123456')
sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)


# 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py
# sftp.put('wy.txt', '/data/wy.txt')
sftp.get('/data/wy.txt', 'xx.txt')

transport.close()

远程上传和下载文件【公钥和私钥】

import paramiko

private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(r'C:/Users/Administrator/.ssh/id_rsa')

transport = paramiko.Transport(('192.168.16.85', 22))
transport.connect(username='root', pkey=private_key)

sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)
# 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py
# sftp.put('/tmp/location.py', '/tmp/test.py')

# 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path
# sftp.get('remove_path', 'local_path')

transport.close()

补充：通过私钥字符串也可以连接远程服务器。

key = """-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----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aeXPA5kkaCo5QJqAVglOL+OaWLqqnk6vnXwrl56pVqmz0762WT0phbIqbe02CBX1
/t3IVYVpTDIPUGG6hTqDJzmSWXGhLFlfD3Ulei3/ycCnAqh5eCUxwp8LVqjtgltW
mWqqZyIx+nafsW/YgWqyYu4p1wKR/O+x5hSbsWDiwfgJ876ZgyMeCYE/9cAqqb6x
3webtfId8ICVPIpXwkks2Hu0wlYrFIX5PUPtBjJZsb00DtuUbQKBwF5BfytRZ0Z/
6ktTfHj1OJ93hJNF9iRGpRfbHNylriVRb+hjXR3LBk8tyMAqR4rZDzfBNfPip5en
4TBMg8UATf43dVm7nv4PM2e24CRCWXMXYl7G3lFsQF/g7JNUoyr6bZQBf3pQcBw4
IJ38IcKV+L475tP4rfDrqyJz7mcJ+90a+ai5cSr9XoZqviAqNdhvBq5LjGOLkcdN
bS0NAVVoGqjqIY/tOd2NMTEF6kVoYfJ7ZJtjxk/R3sdbdtajV3YsAg==
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----"""


import paramiko
from io import StringIO

private_key = paramiko.RSAKey(file_obj=StringIO(key))

# 创建SSH对象
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
# 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
# 连接服务器
ssh.connect(hostname='192.168.16.85', port=22, username='root', pkey=private_key)

# 执行命令
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df')
# 获取命令结果
result = stdout.read()

# 关闭连接
ssh.close()

print(result)

2.公司员工基于xshell连接服务器

生成公钥和私钥

ssh-keygen.exe -m pem

在当前用户家目录会生成： .ssh/id_rsa.pub    .ssh/id_rsa

把公钥放到服务器

ssh-copy-id -i ~.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.16.85 

以后再连接服务器时，不需要在输入密码

ssh root@192.168.16.85