服务器环境配置nginx / php / php-fpm（一）

1. 登陆，升级应用，查询和关闭selinux

   yum update

   getenforce
   setenforce 0
   vi /etc/selinux

2. 添加非root用户

   adduser deploy
   passwd deploy
   usermod -a -G wheel deploy
   vi /etc/sudoers
   %wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL

3. ssh配置

   ssh deploy@123.456.78.90
   ssh-keygen
   mkdir ~/.ssh
   scp ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub deploy@123.456.78.90:
   touch ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
   cat ~/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
   chown -R deploy:deploy ~/.ssh
   chmod 700 ~/.ssh
   chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

4. 禁止密码与root登陆，先确定sudo权限，打开 /etc/ssh/sshd_config，修改 PasswordAuthentication 的值为 no，取消注释。修改PermitRootLogin同上。重启SSHD。

   service sshd restart

5. PHP、PHP-FPM 安装

   sudo rpm -Uvh  http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/e/epel-release-7-5.noarch.rpm;  
       //32位地址  http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
   
   sudo rpm -Uvh http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm;
        
   
   sudo yum -y --enablerepo=epel,remi,remi-php56 install php-fpm php-cli php-gd php-mbstring php-mcrypt php-mysqlnd php-opcache php-pdo php-devel;

6. PHP-FPM配置

   sudo vi /etc/php-fpm.conf
   //修改以下两处，1分钟内子进程失败达到10个就优雅重启
   emergency_restart_threshold = 10
   emergency_restart_interval = 1m

   在配置文件中有 include=/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf   ， 表示池定义 pool definition 在php-fpm.d目录下

   vi /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
   //修改用户，尽量每个网站一个用户
   user = deploy
   group = deploy
   //与nginx请求处理的端口
   listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
   //服务器内存除以进程占用内存
   pm.max_children = 50
   //开启服务时自动开启的准备进程数
   pm.start_servers = 3
   //每个池的最大进程数
   pm.max_requests = 1000
   //慢日志
   slowlog = /path/to/slowlog.log
   request_slowlog_timeout = 5s
   //最后重启服务
   sudo service php-fpm restart
   chkconfig php-fpm on

7. 安装nginx

   sudo yum install nginx;
   sudo systemctl enable nginx.service;
   sudo systemctl start nginx.service;

8. 建立网站目录与日志目录

   mkdir -p /home/deploy/apps/example.com/current/public
   mkdir -p /home/deploy/apps/logs
   chmod -R +rx /home/deploy

   建立 /etc/nginx/conf.d/example.conf

9. server 
   {
       listen 80;
       server_name example.com;
       index index.php;
       client_max_body_size 50M;
       error_log /home/deploy/apps/logs/example.error.log;
       access_log /home/deploy/apps/logs/example.access.log;
       root /home/deploy/apps/example.com/current/public;
       location / 
       {
           try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$is_args$args;
       }
       location ~ .php {
           try_files $uri=404;
           fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+.php)(/.+)$;
           include fastcgi_params;
           fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
           fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
           fastcgi_index index.php;
           fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
       }
   }

10. 重启

    sudo systemctl restart nginx.service
    sudo chkconfig nginx on
    //如果权限失败了， 以root权限启动
    sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

11. 检查防火墙，检查端口，检查selinux /getenforce ，最后可以编辑一个phpinfo页面放在网站根目录，在主机设置好hosts映射到虚拟机，终于可以在主机浏览器中输入虚拟机地址，见到php页面了。
12. 多虚拟机参考http://www.androiddev.net/webserver-apache-to-nginx/
13. 配置参考  http://huoding.com/2013/10/23/290

    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name foo.com;
    
        root /path;
        index index.html index.htm index.php;
    
        location / {
            try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$is_args$args;
        }
    
        location ~ .php$ {
            try_files $uri =404;
    
            include fastcgi.conf;
            fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
        }
    }

    fastcgi_pass unix:/dev/shm/php-fpm.sock;

    server
    {
        listen 80;
        server_name blog.dev www.blog.dev;
        index index.php;
        client_max_body_size 50M;
        error_log /home/lin/log/blog.error.log;
    #    access_log /home/lin/log/my.access.log;
        root /home/lin/www/blog/public;
        location /
        {
            try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$is_args$args;
        }
        location ~ .php {
            try_files $uri =404;
            fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+.php)(/.+)$;
            include fastcgi_params;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
            fastcgi_index index.php;
            fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.1-fpm.sock;
        }
    }