电商网前后端分离数据表设计部份

本文是幕课网和黑马的生鲜电商结合整理，版本不是原教程，全用的是当前最新版本，为了方便后来学习的参考，

如果部份内容对大家有用，可以转到达自己的博客

 在新建之前 先建一个虚拟环境，mkvirtualenv VueShop

并安装必要的组件：

djangorestframework

django

django-filter 

Markdown  

Pillow 

pymysql

配置环境

在主init  上配置引挚：就是主目录的 —init__.py  文件中

import pymysql
pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()

配置数据库：电商项目用到第三方登录，所以数据引挚要配置一下，红色部份

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': "mxshop",
        'USER':'root',
        'PASSWORD':'142857',
        'HOST':"127.0.0.1",
        'PORT': '3306',
        "OPTIONS":{"init_command":"SET default_storage_engine=INNODB;"}

    }
}

根目录新建以下文件，用于管理项目　　
新建所有的apps在下面新建所需的路由 这儿不是新建文件。而是新建app  然后拖入  app分别是 

 goods ,trade user_operation  users

新建extra_apps ，用于第三方插件

新建templates   ,，用于模板

新建media  ,用于图片

新建  存放静态文件

新建 db_tools 用于脚本存放

mark目录 ->

Mark - Durectirt as Sources Root

简化导入目录：


为了方便导入，需要把上些目录配置成根目录搜索路径：在配置文件中头部 import os  下面加入：
import sys
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os,path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))

sys.path.insert(0,BASE_DIR')

sys.path.insert(0,os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'apps'))
sys.path.insert(0,os.path.join（BASE_DIR,'extra_apps'))

图片参考

user  apps表模型数据表建立：

第一个用户表，，这儿继承用户表：
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
在编写需要改的字段：

class UserProfile(AbstractUser):
    """
    用户
    """
    name = models.CharField(max_length=30, null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="姓名")
    birthday = models.DateField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="出生年月")
    gender = models.CharField(max_length=6, choices=(("male", u"男"), ("female", "女")), default="female", verbose_name="性别")
    mobile = models.CharField(null=True, blank=True, max_length=11, verbose_name="电话")
    email = models.EmailField(max_length=100, null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="邮箱")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "用户"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.username


class VerifyCode(models.Model):
    """
    短信验证码
    """
    code = models.CharField(max_length=10, verbose_name="验证码")
    mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11, verbose_name="电话")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "短信验证码"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.code

写好表后，因为用户是继随的，所以需要在高置文儿加入配置 ，以便识别：红色部份:
....................................

DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']

AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'users.UserProfile'

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',

......................................................................................................................................................................

商品类    goods

from datetime import datetime

from django.db import models
from DjangoUeditor.models import UEditorField
# Create your models here.


class GoodsCategory(models.Model):
    """
    商品类别
    """
    CATEGORY_TYPE = (
        (1, "一级类目"),
        (2, "二级类目"),
        (3, "三级类目"),
    )

    name = models.CharField(default="", max_length=30, verbose_name="类别名", help_text="类别名")
    code = models.CharField(default="", max_length=30, verbose_name="类别code", help_text="类别code")
    desc = models.TextField(default="", verbose_name="类别描述", help_text="类别描述")
    category_type = models.IntegerField(choices=CATEGORY_TYPE, verbose_name="类目级别", help_text="类目级别")
    parent_category = models.ForeignKey("self", null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="父类目级别", help_text="父目录",
                                        related_name="sub_cat",on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    is_tab = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name="是否导航", help_text="是否导航")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "商品类别"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class GoodsCategoryBrand(models.Model):
    """
    品牌名
    """
    category = models.ForeignKey(GoodsCategory, related_name='brands', null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="商品类目",on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    name = models.CharField(default="", max_length=30, verbose_name="品牌名", help_text="品牌名")
    desc = models.TextField(default="", max_length=200, verbose_name="品牌描述", help_text="品牌描述")
    image = models.ImageField(max_length=200, upload_to="brands/")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "品牌"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        db_table = "goods_goodsbrand"

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class Goods(models.Model):
    """
    商品
    """
    category = models.ForeignKey(GoodsCategory, verbose_name="商品类目",on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    goods_sn = models.CharField(max_length=50, default="", verbose_name="商品唯一货号")
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name="商品名")
    click_num = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name="点击数")
    sold_num = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name="商品销售量")
    fav_num = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name="收藏数")
    goods_num = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name="库存数")
    market_price = models.FloatField(default=0, verbose_name="市场价格")
    shop_price = models.FloatField(default=0, verbose_name="本店价格")
    goods_brief = models.TextField(max_length=500, verbose_name="商品简短描述")
    goods_desc = UEditorField(verbose_name=u"内容", imagePath="goods/images/", width=1000, height=300,
                              filePath="goods/files/", default='')
    ship_free = models.BooleanField(default=True, verbose_name="是否承担运费")
    goods_front_image = models.ImageField(upload_to="goods/images/", null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="封面图")
    is_new = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name="是否新品")
    is_hot = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name="是否热销")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '商品'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class IndexAd(models.Model):
    category = models.ForeignKey(GoodsCategory, related_name='category',verbose_name="商品类目",on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    goods =models.ForeignKey(Goods, related_name='goods',on_delete=models.CASCADE)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '首页商品类别广告'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.goods.name


class GoodsImage(models.Model):
    """
    商品轮播图
    """
    goods = models.ForeignKey(Goods, verbose_name="商品", related_name="images",on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to="", verbose_name="图片", null=True, blank=True)
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '商品图片'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.goods.name


class Banner(models.Model):
    """
    轮播的商品
    """
    goods = models.ForeignKey(Goods, verbose_name="商品",on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to='banner', verbose_name="轮播图片")
    index = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name="轮播顺序")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '轮播商品'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.goods.name


class HotSearchWords(models.Model):
    """
    热搜词
    """
    keywords = models.CharField(default="", max_length=20, verbose_name="热搜词")
    index = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name="排序")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '热搜词'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.keywords

用户操作表  表名：user_operation

from datetime import datetime

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model

from goods.models import Goods
# Create your models here.
User = get_user_model()


class UserFav(models.Model):
    """
    用户收藏
    """
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, verbose_name="用户",on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    goods = models.ForeignKey(Goods, verbose_name="商品", help_text="商品id",on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '用户收藏'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        unique_together = ("user", "goods")

    def __str__(self):
        return self.user.username


class UserLeavingMessage(models.Model):
    """
    用户留言
    """
    MESSAGE_CHOICES = (
        (1, "留言"),
        (2, "投诉"),
        (3, "询问"),
        (4, "售后"),
        (5, "求购")
    )
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, verbose_name="用户",on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    message_type = models.IntegerField(default=1, choices=MESSAGE_CHOICES, verbose_name="留言类型",
                                      help_text=u"留言类型: 1(留言),2(投诉),3(询问),4(售后),5(求购)")
    subject = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="", verbose_name="主题")
    message = models.TextField(default="", verbose_name="留言内容", help_text="留言内容")
    file = models.FileField(upload_to="message/images/", verbose_name="上传的文件", help_text="上传的文件")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "用户留言"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.subject


class UserAddress(models.Model):
    """
    用户收货地址
    """
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, verbose_name="用户",on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    province = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="", verbose_name="省份")
    city = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="", verbose_name="城市")
    district = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="", verbose_name="区域")
    address = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="", verbose_name="详细地址")
    signer_name = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="", verbose_name="签收人")
    signer_mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11, default="", verbose_name="电话")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "收货地址"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.address

支  付订类表：trade

from datetime import datetime

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model

from goods.models import Goods
# Create your models here.
User = get_user_model()


class UserFav(models.Model):
    """
    用户收藏
    """
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, verbose_name="用户",on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    goods = models.ForeignKey(Goods, verbose_name="商品", help_text="商品id",on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '用户收藏'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
        unique_together = ("user", "goods")

    def __str__(self):
        return self.user.username


class UserLeavingMessage(models.Model):
    """
    用户留言
    """
    MESSAGE_CHOICES = (
        (1, "留言"),
        (2, "投诉"),
        (3, "询问"),
        (4, "售后"),
        (5, "求购")
    )
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, verbose_name="用户",on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    message_type = models.IntegerField(default=1, choices=MESSAGE_CHOICES, verbose_name="留言类型",
                                      help_text=u"留言类型: 1(留言),2(投诉),3(询问),4(售后),5(求购)")
    subject = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="", verbose_name="主题")
    message = models.TextField(default="", verbose_name="留言内容", help_text="留言内容")
    file = models.FileField(upload_to="message/images/", verbose_name="上传的文件", help_text="上传的文件")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "用户留言"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.subject


class UserAddress(models.Model):
    """
    用户收货地址
    """
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, verbose_name="用户",on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    province = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="", verbose_name="省份")
    city = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="", verbose_name="城市")
    district = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="", verbose_name="区域")
    address = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="", verbose_name="详细地址")
    signer_name = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="", verbose_name="签收人")
    signer_mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11, default="", verbose_name="电话")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "收货地址"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.address

支付订单是动态获取的用户类，注意这个用法

from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model

User = get_user_model()

导放表后，开始使用后台使用的xadmin  ,,用于生成后台数据。在usres  app中新建一个adminx.py 添加内容：

import xadmin
from xadmin import views
from .models import VerifyCode


class BaseSetting(object):
    enable_themes = True
    use_bootswatch = True


class GlobalSettings(object):
    site_title = "天天生鲜后台"
    site_footer = "mxshop"
    # menu_style = "accordion"


class VerifyCodeAdmin(object):
    list_display = ['code', 'mobile', "add_time"]


xadmin.site.register(VerifyCode, VerifyCodeAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(views.BaseAdminView, BaseSetting)
xadmin.site.register(views.CommAdminView, GlobalSettings)

在user_operation  下新建adminx.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
# encoding: utf-8

"""
@version: 1.0
@author: liyao
@license: Apache Licence 
@contact: yli@posbao.net
@site: http://www.piowind.com/
@software: PyCharm
@file: adminx.py
@time: 2017/7/4 17:04
"""
import xadmin
from .models import UserFav, UserLeavingMessage, UserAddress


class UserFavAdmin(object):
    list_display = ['user', 'goods', "add_time"]


class UserLeavingMessageAdmin(object):
    list_display = ['user', 'message_type', "message", "add_time"]


class UserAddressAdmin(object):
    list_display = ["signer_name", "signer_mobile", "district", "address"]

xadmin.site.register(UserFav, UserFavAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(UserAddress, UserAddressAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(UserLeavingMessage, UserLeavingMessageAdmin)

在goods 下新建adminx.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
# encoding: utf-8

"""
@version: 1.0
@author: liyao
@license: Apache Licence 
@contact: yli@posbao.net
@site: http://www.piowind.com/
@software: PyCharm
@file: adminx.py
@time: 2017/7/4 17:04
"""
import xadmin
from .models import Goods, GoodsCategory, GoodsImage, GoodsCategoryBrand, Banner, HotSearchWords
from .models import IndexAd

class GoodsAdmin(object):
    list_display = ["name", "click_num", "sold_num", "fav_num", "goods_num", "market_price",
                    "shop_price", "goods_brief", "goods_desc", "is_new", "is_hot", "add_time"]
    search_fields = ['name', ]
    list_editable = ["is_hot", ]
    list_filter = ["name", "click_num", "sold_num", "fav_num", "goods_num", "market_price",
                   "shop_price", "is_new", "is_hot", "add_time", "category__name"]
    style_fields = {"goods_desc": "ueditor"}

    class GoodsImagesInline(object):
        model = GoodsImage
        exclude = ["add_time"]
        extra = 1
        style = 'tab'

    inlines = [GoodsImagesInline]


class GoodsCategoryAdmin(object):
    list_display = ["name", "category_type", "parent_category", "add_time"]
    list_filter = ["category_type", "parent_category", "name"]
    search_fields = ['name', ]


class GoodsBrandAdmin(object):
    list_display = ["category", "image", "name", "desc"]

    def get_context(self):
        context = super(GoodsBrandAdmin, self).get_context()
        if 'form' in context:
            context['form'].fields['category'].queryset = GoodsCategory.objects.filter(category_type=1)
        return context


class BannerGoodsAdmin(object):
    list_display = ["goods", "image", "index"]


class HotSearchAdmin(object):
    list_display = ["keywords", "index", "add_time"]


class IndexAdAdmin(object):
    list_display = ["category", "goods"]


xadmin.site.register(Goods, GoodsAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(GoodsCategory, GoodsCategoryAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(Banner, BannerGoodsAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(GoodsCategoryBrand, GoodsBrandAdmin)

xadmin.site.register(HotSearchWords, HotSearchAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(IndexAd, IndexAdAdmin)

在rtade 下新建adminx.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
__author__ = 'bobby'

import xadmin
from .models import ShoppingCart, OrderInfo, OrderGoods

class ShoppingCartAdmin(object):
    list_display = ["user", "goods", "nums", ]


class OrderInfoAdmin(object):
    list_display = ["user", "order_sn",  "trade_no", "pay_status", "post_script", "order_mount",
                    "order_mount", "pay_time", "add_time"]

    class OrderGoodsInline(object):
        model = OrderGoods
        exclude = ['add_time', ]
        extra = 1
        style = 'tab'

    inlines = [OrderGoodsInline, ]


xadmin.site.register(ShoppingCart, ShoppingCartAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(OrderInfo, OrderInfoAdmin)

数据库建好了，后台配好了，新建一个extra_apps的主文件，用于存放第三方文件，把下载好的xadmin 放入主文件目录 ，这儿还有一个富文本组件也放这个目录

新建一个  static    用于存放静态文件。找配置文件中找到   STATIC_URL = '/static/'   加入：

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS=(
os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'static'),
)

新建一个media    用于存放图片文件，可能用不上先建一个在说

在配置尾部加入：

MEDIA_URL='/media/'
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'media')

配置数据库：

DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'mxshop',
'USER': 'root',
'PASSWORD': '142857',
'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
'PORT': '3306',
"OPTIONS": {"init_command": "SET default_storage_engine=INNODB;"},
}

}

配置usre的目录使用文件：因为我们继承了默认的用户文件。在其它app 不知道，

AUTH_USER_MODEL = "users.UserProfile"


增加apps 启动文件：

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    "crispy_forms",
    "rest_framework",
    "DjangoUeditor",
    "users",
    "goods",
    "trade",
    "xadmin",
    "user_operation",


]

迁移数据库

makemigrations

migrate

到此为此，整个天天生鲜平台初步做好，关于逻辑部份，在另一篇继续