一个编程小题目引发的思考
首先简介下题目:
输入:一个不超过12位的十进制正整数
输出:打印此数字的十进制计算器表示
例:
输入:145
输出:
__
||__||__
| | __|
看到这个题目,也没多想,反正就是把这些数字打出来而已,那就一行一行打呗
于是在纸上画了几个计算器表示形式的数字:
规律是很明显的,每个数字都由3行4列组成,每一行只有固定的几种样式,比如说8的第一行是" __ ",第二行是"|__|",第三行是"|__|"
于是就有了思路:只要一位一位的读取这个数字,然后按照上中下的顺序依次打印其计算器表示的三行就行了。
由于每个数字的每一行的样式都是固定的,很容易将这些样式抽取出来,经过观察,我找出了其所有的样式,于是就有了如下的代码:
class LCDPrinter
{
// all the paradigms in the LCD representation
private static readonly string S0 = " ";
private static readonly string S1 = " __ ";
private static readonly string S2 = " |";
private static readonly string S3 = "| ";
private static readonly string S4 = " __|";
private static readonly string S5 = "|__ ";
private static readonly string S6 = "|__|";
private static readonly string S7 = "| |";
public void PrintNum(int value)
{
//TODO: print the number layer by layer
}
}
接下来的问题就是依次获取一个数的每一位,通过一个递归,很容易实现这个功能:
public void PrintNum(int value)
{
if (value != 0)
{
PrintNum(value / 10, layer);
Console.Write(value % 10);
}
}
测试这个方法之后,接下来的工作就是一行一行的打印数值了,按照之前的思路,我把每个数字分为上中下三层,于是可以这么写:
public void PrintNum(int value)
{
PrintTopBody(value);
Console.WriteLine();
PrintMiddleBody(value);
Console.WriteLine();
PrintBottomBody(value);
Console.WriteLine();
}
然后逐个实现每个方法,为了确保这个思路是正确的,先不用考虑所有的数字,只考虑数字1这个情况
private void PrintTopBody(int value)
{
if (value != 0)
{
PrintTopBody(value / 10);
int num = value % 10;
switch (num)
{
case 1:
Console.Write(S0);
break;
default:
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException();
}
}
}
private void PrintMiddleBody(int value)
{
if (value != 0)
{
PrintMiddleBody(value / 10);
int num = value % 10;
switch (num)
{
case 1:
Console.Write(S2);
break;
default:
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException();
}
}
}
private void PrintBottomBody(int value)
{
if (value != 0)
{
PrintBottomBody(value / 10);
int num = value % 10;
switch (num)
{
case 1:
Console.Write(S2);
break;
default:
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException();
}
}
}
然后以1,11,1111作为输入进行测试,发现结果是正确的。
接下来就可以完善这三个方法了,经过一段时间的编码和测试,我完成了这道题目。其功能代码如下
class LCDPriter
{
private static readonly string S0 = " ";
private static readonly string S1 = " __ ";
private static readonly string S2 = " |";
private static readonly string S3 = "| ";
private static readonly string S4 = " __|";
private static readonly string S5 = "|__ ";
private static readonly string S6 = "|__|";
private static readonly string S7 = "| |";
public void PrintNum(int value)
{
PrintTopBody(value);
Console.WriteLine();
PrintMiddleBody(value);
Console.WriteLine();
PrintBottomBody(value);
Console.WriteLine();
}
private void PrintTopBody(int value)
{
if (value != 0)
{
PrintTopBody(value / 10);
int num = value % 10;
switch (num)
{
case 0:
Console.Write(S1);
break;
case 1:
Console.Write(S0);
break;
case 2:
Console.Write(S1);
break;
case 3:
Console.Write(S1);
break;
case 4:
Console.Write(S0);
break;
case 5:
Console.Write(S1);
break;
case 6:
Console.Write(S1);
break;
case 7:
Console.Write(S1);
break;
case 8:
Console.Write(S1);
break;
case 9:
Console.Write(S1);
break;
default:
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException();
}
}
}
private void PrintMiddleBody(int value)
{
if (value != 0)
{
PrintMiddleBody(value / 10);
int num = value % 10;
switch (num)
{
case 0:
Console.Write(S7);
break;
case 1:
Console.Write(S2);
break;
case 2:
Console.Write(S4);
break;
case 3:
Console.Write(S4);
break;
case 4:
Console.Write(S6);
break;
case 5:
Console.Write(S5);
break;
case 6:
Console.Write(S5);
break;
case 7:
Console.Write(S2);
break;
case 8:
Console.Write(S6);
break;
case 9:
Console.Write(S6);
break;
default:
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException();
}
}
}
private void PrintBottomBody(int value)
{
if (value != 0)
{
PrintBottomBody(value / 10);
int num = value % 10;
switch (num)
{
case 0:
Console.Write(S6);
break;
case 1:
Console.Write(S2);
break;
case 2:
Console.Write(S5);
break;
case 3:
Console.Write(S4);
break;
case 4:
Console.Write(S2);
break;
case 5:
Console.Write(S4);
break;
case 6:
Console.Write(S6);
break;
case 7:
Console.Write(S2);
break;
case 8:
Console.Write(S6);
break;
case 9:
Console.Write(S4);
break;
default:
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException();
}
}
}
}
虽然这段代码可以工作,但是怎么看怎么别扭,不知所以然的S0到S7这8个全局字符串(本身就不好命名),逻辑极其类似的PrintTopBody,PrintMiddleBody,PrintBottomBody这三个方法,使得逻辑很简单的一个程序却很难看懂。
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