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ELK

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ELK

https://www.elastic.co/cn/downloads/past-releases#
https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-6.5.4.rpm

通俗来讲，ELK是由Elasticsearch、Logstash、Kibana 三个开源软件的组成的一个组合体，这三个软件当中，每个软件用于完成不同的功能，ELK 又称为ELK stack，官方域名为stactic.co，ELK stack的主要优点有如下几个：
处理方式灵活： elasticsearch是实时全文索引，具有强大的搜索功能
配置相对简单：elasticsearch全部使用JSON 接口，logstash使用模块配置，kibana的配置文件部分更简单。
检索性能高效：基于优秀的设计，虽然每次查询都是实时，但是也可以达到百亿级数据的查询秒级响应。
集群线性扩展：elasticsearch和logstash都可以灵活线性扩展
前端操作绚丽：kibana的前端设计比较绚丽，而且操作简单

Elasticsearch：
是一个高度可扩展的开源全文搜索和分析引擎，它可实现数据的实时全文搜索搜索、支持分布式可实现高可用、提供API接口，可以处理大规模日志数据，比如Nginx、Tomcat、系统日志等功能

Logstash
可以通过插件实现日志收集和转发，支持日志过滤，支持普通log、自定义json格式的日志解析

kibana
主要是通过接口调用elasticsearch的数据，并进行前端数据可视化的展现

1.ELK主要用户日志收集、存储、分析、展示
2.解决开发查看日志的需求，解决服务器用户登录的权限问题

Elasticsearch

先安装java环境包

rpm -ivh jdk-8u221-linux-x64.rpm

安装RPM包

yum install elasticsearch-6.5.4.rpm -y

grep "^[a-Z]"   /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml 
cluster.name: cluster-e #ELK的集群名称，名称相同即属于是同一个集群
node.name: e1 #本机在集群内的节点名称
path.data: /esdata/data #数据保存目录
path.logs: /esdata/logs #日志保存目
network.host: 0.0.0.0  #监听IP
http.port: 9200
discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: ["192.168.10.100", "192.168.10.101"]
#bootstrap.memory_lock: true #服务启动的时候锁定足够的内存，防止数据写入swap,使用swap会影响性能

创建目录权限更改

mkdir /esdata
id elasticsearch
uid=998(elasticsearch) gid=996(elasticsearch) groups=996(elasticsearch)
chown  998.996 /esdata/ -R

###启动服务

systemctl start elasticsearch

查看日志

tail -f /esdata/logs/cluster-e.log

端口

9200用户访问端口
9300集群内通信端口，选举端口

验证

curl http://192.168.10.100:9200/
{
  "name" : "e1", #本节点名称
  "cluster_name" : "cluster-e", #集群名称
  "cluster_uuid" : "GSegz58CSrmLgAemNjIvpA", 
  "version" : {
    "number" : "6.5.4", #elasticsearch版本号
    "build_flavor" : "default",
    "build_type" : "rpm",
    "build_hash" : "d2ef93d",
    "build_date" : "2018-12-17T21:17:40.758843Z",
    "build_snapshot" : false,
    "lucene_version" : "7.5.0", #lucene版本号,elasticsearch给予lucene做搜索
    "minimum_wire_compatibility_version" : "5.6.0",
    "minimum_index_compatibility_version" : "5.0.0"
  },
  "tagline" : "You Know, for Search" #口号
}
curl http://192.168.10.101:9200/
{
  "name" : "e2",
  "cluster_name" : "cluster-e",
  "cluster_uuid" : "GSegz58CSrmLgAemNjIvpA",
  "version" : {
    "number" : "6.5.4",
    "build_flavor" : "default",
    "build_type" : "rpm",
    "build_hash" : "d2ef93d",
    "build_date" : "2018-12-17T21:17:40.758843Z",
    "build_snapshot" : false,
    "lucene_version" : "7.5.0",
    "minimum_wire_compatibility_version" : "5.6.0",
    "minimum_index_compatibility_version" : "5.0.0"
  },
  "tagline" : "You Know, for Search"
}

修改内存限制，并同步配置文件

vim /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml 
bootstrap.memory_lock: true 去掉注释

最小和最大内存限制，为什么最小和最大设置一样大

vim /etc/elasticsearch/jvm.options
-Xms2g
-Xmx2g

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/elasticsearch.service
LimitMEMLOCK=infinity  #去掉注释
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart elasticsearch

安装elasticsearch插件之head

方法一：任意节点

elasticsearch-head 是一个用于浏览和与弹性搜索集群交互的 Web 前端。
https://mobz.github.io/elasticsearch-head/
https://github.com/mobz/elasticsearch-head

vim /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml
http.cors.enabled: true #最下方添加
http.cors.allow-origin: "*"

yum install npm -y
git clone git://github.com/mobz/elasticsearch-head.git
cd elasticsearch-head
npm install
npm run start
open http://localhost:9100/

elasticsearch

方法二使用DOCKER

yum install docker -y
systemctl  start docker && systemctl  enable docker
docker run -p 9100:9100 mobz/elasticsearch-head:5

open http://localhost:9100/

测试提交数据

elasticsearch

验证索引是否存在
elasticsearch

查看数据
elasticsearch

Master与Slave的区别

Master的职责：
统计各node节点状态信息、集群状态信息统计、索引的创建和删除、索引分配的管理、关闭node节点等
Slave的职责：
同步数据、等待机会成为Master

监控elasticsearch集群状态

获取到的是一个json格式的返回值，那就可以通过python对其中的信息进行分析，例如对status进行分析，如果等于green(绿色)就是运行在正常，等于yellow(黄色)表示副本分片丢失，red(红色)表示主分片丢失
curl -sXGET http://192.168.10.100:9200/_cluster/health?pretty=true

cat els_monitor.py 
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf-8

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import formataddr
import subprocess
body = ""
false="false"
obj = subprocess.Popen(("curl -sXGET http://192.168.10.100:9200/_cluster/health?pretty=true"),shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
data =  obj.stdout.read()
data1 = eval(data)
status = data1.get("status")
if status == "green":
    print "50"
else:
    print "100"
    
#结果50为正常 100为异常

Logstash

安装logstash

rpm -ivh logstash-6.5.4.rpm

测试logstash

测试输出到文件

/usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash   -e 'input {  stdin{} } output { file { path => "/tmp/log-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}messages.gz"}}'
hello

file log-2019.08.16messages.gz 
log-2019.08.16messages.gz: ASCII text
cat log-2019.08.16messages.gz
{"host":"logstash1","@version":"1","@timestamp":"2019-08-16T05:27:35.612Z","message":"11:01:15.229 [[main]>worker1] INFO  logstash.outputs.file - Opening file {:path=>"/tmp/log-2017-04-20messages.gz"}"}
{"host":"logstash1","@version":"1","@timestamp":"2019-08-16T05:27:35.566Z","message":"hello"}

测试输出到elasticsearch

测试下配置文件

/usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash -e  /etc/logstash/conf.d/log-es.conf -t

测试输出到elasticsearch

/usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash   -e 'input {  stdin{} } output { elasticsearch {hosts => ["192.168.10.100:9200"] index => "mytest-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}" }}'

elasticsearch服务器验证收到数据

ll /esdata/data/nodes/0/indices/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 8 elasticsearch elasticsearch 65 Aug 16 13:18 bvx-zQINSA6t6hxXHsgbiQ
drwxr-xr-x 8 elasticsearch elasticsearch 65 Aug 16 14:44 DWRgHkutQsSpH1HUCRJqcg
drwxr-xr-x 3 elasticsearch elasticsearch 20 Aug 16 13:18 N7_a6rlZQTSuQ_PFxnPxKw
drwxr-xr-x 4 elasticsearch elasticsearch 29 Aug 16 13:18 OyJkEOVMQr2oYLvRp0CZfg

通过logstash收集日志文件

[root@logstash1 ~]# cat /etc/logstash/conf.d/log-es.conf 
input {
  file {
    path => "/var/log/messages" #日志路径
    type => "systemlog" #事件的唯一类型
    start_position => "beginning" #第一次收集日志的位置
    stat_interval => "3" #日志收集的间隔时间
  }
}

output { 
    elasticsearch {
      hosts => ["192.168.10.100:9200"]
      index => "192.168.10.102-syslog-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
    }
}

检测配置文件语法是否正确

/usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash -f  /etc/logstash/conf.d/log-es.conf -t
[root@logstash1 ~]# /usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash -f /etc/logstash/conf.d/log-es.conf -t
WARNING: Could not find logstash.yml which is typically located in $LS_HOME/config or /etc/logstash. You can specify the path using --path.settings. Continuing using the defaults
Could not find log4j2 configuration at path /usr/share/logstash/config/log4j2.properties. Using default config which logs errors to the console
[WARN ] 2019-08-16 16:31:50.625 [LogStash::Runner] multilocal - Ignoring the 'pipelines.yml' file because modules or command line options are specified
Configuration OK
[INFO ] 2019-08-16 16:31:54.072 [LogStash::Runner] runner - Using config.test_and_exit mode. Config Validation Result: OK. Exiting Logstash

此日志需要给日志授权

tail -f /var/log/logstash/logstash-plain.log
[2019-08-16T16:38:05,151][WARN ][filewatch.tailmode.handlers.createinitial] open_file OPEN_WARN_INTERVAL is '300'
解决方法 log日志文件授权
chmod 644 /var/log/messages

重启服务

systemctl restart logstash

浏览器访问

elasticsearch

浏览器打开kibana建立一个索引

kabana

kibana

echo testlog11111111 >> /var/log/messages

kibana

收集http访问日志

安装 http服务

yum install httpd -y
echo http > /var/www/html/index.html
systemctl httpd start

配置logstash收集nginx访问日志

[root@logstash1 conf.d]# cat log-es.conf 
input {
  file {
    path => "/var/log/messages"
    type => "systemlog"
    start_position => "beginning"
    stat_interval => "3"
  }

  file {
    path => "/var/log/httpd/access_log"
    type => "apache-accesslog"
    start_position => "beginning"
    #stat_interval => "3"
  }
}


output {
  if [type] == "systemlog" {
  elasticsearch {
    hosts => ["192.168.10.100:9200"]
    index => "192.168.10.102-syslog-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
  }}

  if [type] == "apache-accesslog" {
  elasticsearch {
    hosts => ["192.168.10.100:9200"]
    index => "192.168.10.102-apache-accesslog-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
  }}
}

使用root用户运行logstash

vim /etc/systemd/system/logstash.service
User=root
Group=root

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart logstash

kibana

收集nginx访问日志

将nginx日志转换为json格式

cat conf/nginx.conf
    log_format access_json '{"@timestamp":"$time_iso8601",'
        '"host":"$server_addr",'
        '"clientip":"$remote_addr",'
        '"size":$body_bytes_sent,'
        '"responsetime":$request_time,'
        '"upstreamtime":"$upstream_response_time",'
        '"upstreamhost":"$upstream_addr",'
        '"http_host":"$host",'
        '"url":"$uri",'
        '"domain":"$host",'
        '"xff":"$http_x_forwarded_for",'
        '"referer":"$http_referer",'
        '"status":"$status"}';
    access_log  /usr/local/nginx/logs/access_json.log access_json;
    
./sbin/nginx -t
/etc/init.d/nginx restart

配置logstash收集nginx访问日志

[root@logstash1 conf.d]# cat log-es.conf 
input {
  file {
    path => "/var/log/messages"
    type => "systemlog"
    start_position => "beginning"
    stat_interval => "3"
  }

  file {
    path => "/var/log/httpd/access_log"
    type => "apache-accesslog"
    start_position => "beginning"
    #stat_interval => "3"
  }

  file {
    path => "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access_json.log"
    type => "nginx-accesslog"
    start_position => "beginning"
    stat_interval => "3"
    codec => "json"
  }
}


output {
  if [type] == "systemlog" {
  elasticsearch {
    hosts => ["192.168.10.100:9200"]
    index => "192.168.10.102-syslog-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
  }}

  if [type] == "apache-accesslog" {
  elasticsearch {
    hosts => ["192.168.10.100:9200"]
    index => "192.168.10.102-apache-accesslog-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
  }}

  if [type] == "nginx-accesslog" {
  elasticsearch {
    hosts => ["192.168.10.100:9200"]
    index => "192.168.10.102-nginx-accesslog-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
  }}
}

重启服务

systemctl restart logstash

kibana界面添加索引

kibana

kibana查看图表

kibana

Kibana

安装 Kibana

yum install kibana-6.5.4-x86_64.rpm -y

grep  "^[a-Z]" /etc/kibana/kibana.yml
server.port: 5601  #监听端口
server.host: "0.0.0.0" #监听地址
elasticsearch.url: "http://192.168.10.100:9200"  #elasticsearch

systemctl  start kibana

kibana

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/fina/p/11365700.html

ELK

ELK

Elasticsearch

先安装java环境包

安装RPM包

创建目录权限更改

查看日志

端口

验证

修改内存限制，并同步配置文件

最小和最大内存限制，为什么最小和最大设置一样大

安装elasticsearch插件之head

方法一：任意节点

方法二 使用DOCKER

测试提交数据

Master与Slave的区别

监控elasticsearch集群状态

Logstash

安装logstash

测试logstash

测试输出到elasticsearch

测试输出到elasticsearch

elasticsearch服务器验证收到数据

通过logstash收集日志文件

检测配置文件语法是否正确

此日志需要给日志授权

重启服务

浏览器访问

浏览器打开kibana建立一个索引

收集http访问日志

安装 http服务

配置logstash收集nginx访问日志

使用root用户运行logstash

收集nginx访问日志

将nginx日志转换为json格式

配置logstash收集nginx访问日志

重启服务

kibana界面添加索引

kibana查看图表

Kibana

方法二使用DOCKER