首先我们要知道哪些类型可以用For In吧,下面就是:
- for Element in ArrayExpr do Stmt; 数组
- for Element in StringExpr do Stmt; 字符串
- for Element in SetExpr do Stmt; 集合
- for Element in CollectionExpr do Stmt; 集合
- for Element in Record do Stmt; 结构体
我们来看例子:
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typeTHuangJacky
= (hjA,hjB,hjC,hjD);TJackyHuang
= record a,b,c:Integer;end;const stringExpr='HuangJacky'; arrayExpr:array[0..5]
of Integer=
(1,2,3,4,5,6); setExpr:set of THuangJacky
= [hjA,hjB,hjD];procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender:
TObject);var I:Integer; C:Char; D:THuangJacky; F:TComponent;beginfor c
in stringExpr
do ShowMessage(C);for i
in arrayExpr
do ShowMessage(IntToStr(i));for d
in setExpr
do ShowMessage(IntToStr(Ord(d)));for F
in Self
do ShowMessage(f.Name);end; |
是不是很爽呀?哈哈,Delphi也与时俱进呀.
之前写了类助手文章中,老赵问是不是扩展方法,因为对C#没有了解到这么多,所以不知道.
那么我们在Java中要For In必须实现Iterator吧.
那么Delphi的会不会也要呢?
是的,如果我们要自己的类支持For In的话,就必须满足下面的条件:
1 必须有个公共方法GetEnumerator(),这个方法返回值是一个类,接口或者记录体.
2 上面返回的类,接口或者记录体中又必须有公共方法MoveNext(),这个方法的返回值是Boolean.
3 1中返回的类,接口或者记录体中必须有一个只读的属性Current,类型要和集合中的元素一样.
说了这么多,看个例子:
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type TMyIntArray
= array of Integer; TMyEnumerator
= class Values:
TMyIntArray; Index:
Integer; public constructor Create; function GetCurrent:
Integer; function MoveNext:
Boolean; property Current:
Integer read
GetCurrent; end; TMyContainer
= class public function GetEnumerator:
TMyEnumerator; end;constructor TMyEnumerator.Create;begin inherited Create; Values
:= TMyIntArray.Create(100,
200,
300); Index
:= -1;end;function TMyEnumerator.MoveNext:
Boolean;begin if Index
< High(Values) then begin Inc(Index); Result
:= True; end else Result
:= False;end;function TMyEnumerator.GetCurrent:
Integer;begin Result
:= Values[Index];end;function TMyContainer.GetEnumerator:
TMyEnumerator;begin Result
:= TMyEnumerator.Create;end;var MyContainer:
TMyContainer; I:
Integer; Counter:
Integer;begin MyContainer
:= TMyContainer.Create; Counter
:= 0; for I
in MyContainer
do Inc(Counter,
I); WriteLn('Counter
= ',
Counter);end. |