python爬取北京政府信件信息01

python爬取，找到目标地址，开始研究网页代码格式，于是就开始根据之前学的知识进行爬取，出师不利啊，一开始爬取就出现了个问题，这是之前是没有遇到过的，明明地址没问题，就是显示网页不存在，于是就在百度上找解决办法，发现问题是该网页为了防止恶意访问，进行了一些处理，加上了header以及属性

head = {'authority': 'search.jd.com',
            'method': 'GET',
            'path': '/s_new.php?keyword=%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA&enc=utf-8&qrst=1&rt=1&stop=1&vt=2&wq=%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA&cid2=653&cid3=655&page=4&s=84&scrolling=y&log_id=1529828108.22071&tpl=3_M&show_items=7651927,7367120,7056868,7419252,6001239,5934182,4554969,3893501,7421462,6577495,26480543553,7345757,4483120,6176077,6932795,7336429,5963066,5283387,25722468892,7425622,4768461',
            'scheme': 'https',
            'referer': 'https://search.jd.com/Search?keyword=%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA&enc=utf-8&qrst=1&rt=1&stop=1&vt=2&wq=%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA&cid2=653&cid3=655&page=3&s=58&click=0',
            'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/66.0.3359.139 Safari/537.36',
            'x-requested-with': 'XMLHttpRequest',
            'Cookie':'qrsc=3; pinId=RAGa4xMoVrs; xtest=1210.cf6b6759; ipLocation=%u5E7F%u4E1C; _jrda=5; TrackID=1aUdbc9HHS2MdEzabuYEyED1iDJaLWwBAfGBfyIHJZCLWKfWaB_KHKIMX9Vj9_2wUakxuSLAO9AFtB2U0SsAD-mXIh5rIfuDiSHSNhZcsJvg; shshshfpa=17943c91-d534-104f-a035-6e1719740bb6-1525571955; shshshfpb=2f200f7c5265e4af999b95b20d90e6618559f7251020a80ea1aee61500; cn=0; 3AB9D23F7A4B3C9B=QFOFIDQSIC7TZDQ7U4RPNYNFQN7S26SFCQQGTC3YU5UZQJZUBNPEXMX7O3R7SIRBTTJ72AXC4S3IJ46ESBLTNHD37U; ipLoc-djd=19-1607-3638-3638.608841570; __jdu=930036140; user-key=31a7628c-a9b2-44b0-8147-f10a9e597d6f; areaId=19; __jdv=122270672|direct|-|none|-|1529893590075; PCSYCityID=25; mt_xid=V2_52007VwsQU1xaVVoaSClUA2YLEAdbWk5YSk9MQAA0BBZOVQ0ADwNLGlUAZwQXVQpaAlkvShhcDHsCFU5eXENaGkIZWg5nAyJQbVhiWR9BGlUNZwoWYl1dVF0%3D; __jdc=122270672; shshshfp=72ec41b59960ea9a26956307465948f6; rkv=V0700; __jda=122270672.930036140.-.1529979524.1529984840.85; __jdb=122270672.1.930036140|85.1529984840; shshshsID=f797fbad20f4e576e9c30d1c381ecbb1_1_1529984840145'
            }

　

问题解决后，开始详细信息页面的爬取　

#!/usr/bin/python
#coding:utf-8

import pymysql
import requests
import re
# 连接数据库
db = pymysql.connect(
    host = "localhost",
    user = "root",
    password = "root",
    port = 3306,
    database = "mails"
    )

# 使用 cursor() 方法创建一个游标对象 cursor
cursor = db.cursor()

# head
head = {'authority': 'search.jd.com',
            'method': 'GET',
            'path': '/s_new.php?keyword=%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA&enc=utf-8&qrst=1&rt=1&stop=1&vt=2&wq=%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA&cid2=653&cid3=655&page=4&s=84&scrolling=y&log_id=1529828108.22071&tpl=3_M&show_items=7651927,7367120,7056868,7419252,6001239,5934182,4554969,3893501,7421462,6577495,26480543553,7345757,4483120,6176077,6932795,7336429,5963066,5283387,25722468892,7425622,4768461',
            'scheme': 'https',
            'referer': 'https://search.jd.com/Search?keyword=%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA&enc=utf-8&qrst=1&rt=1&stop=1&vt=2&wq=%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA&cid2=653&cid3=655&page=3&s=58&click=0',
            'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/66.0.3359.139 Safari/537.36',
            'x-requested-with': 'XMLHttpRequest',
            'Cookie':'qrsc=3; pinId=RAGa4xMoVrs; xtest=1210.cf6b6759; ipLocation=%u5E7F%u4E1C; _jrda=5; TrackID=1aUdbc9HHS2MdEzabuYEyED1iDJaLWwBAfGBfyIHJZCLWKfWaB_KHKIMX9Vj9_2wUakxuSLAO9AFtB2U0SsAD-mXIh5rIfuDiSHSNhZcsJvg; shshshfpa=17943c91-d534-104f-a035-6e1719740bb6-1525571955; shshshfpb=2f200f7c5265e4af999b95b20d90e6618559f7251020a80ea1aee61500; cn=0; 3AB9D23F7A4B3C9B=QFOFIDQSIC7TZDQ7U4RPNYNFQN7S26SFCQQGTC3YU5UZQJZUBNPEXMX7O3R7SIRBTTJ72AXC4S3IJ46ESBLTNHD37U; ipLoc-djd=19-1607-3638-3638.608841570; __jdu=930036140; user-key=31a7628c-a9b2-44b0-8147-f10a9e597d6f; areaId=19; __jdv=122270672|direct|-|none|-|1529893590075; PCSYCityID=25; mt_xid=V2_52007VwsQU1xaVVoaSClUA2YLEAdbWk5YSk9MQAA0BBZOVQ0ADwNLGlUAZwQXVQpaAlkvShhcDHsCFU5eXENaGkIZWg5nAyJQbVhiWR9BGlUNZwoWYl1dVF0%3D; __jdc=122270672; shshshfp=72ec41b59960ea9a26956307465948f6; rkv=V0700; __jda=122270672.930036140.-.1529979524.1529984840.85; __jdb=122270672.1.930036140|85.1529984840; shshshsID=f797fbad20f4e576e9c30d1c381ecbb1_1_1529984840145'
            }
# 爬取http://www.beijing.gov.cn/hudong/hdjl/com.web.search.mailList.flow的代码
url = "http://www.beijing.gov.cn/hudong/hdjl/com.web.search.mailList.flow"
response = requests.get(url,headers = head)
response.encoding = "utf-8"
# 爬取页面代码html
html = response.text
# aa = re.findall(r'<a onclick="letterdetail('(.*?)','AH20021100267')">')

ad = re.findall(r'<input type="hidden" value="(.*?)" name="sugIds">',html)
# addresss= re.findall(r'<a onclick="letterdetail(.*?)">',html)
# r = re.findall(r"'([Ss]+?)'",addresss)[1]
# add = "http://www.beijing.gov.cn/hudong/hdjl/com.web.suggest.suggesDetail.flow?originalId=%s" %r
head2 = {
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/39.0.2171.95 Safari/537.36',
    'method': 'POST',
    'Content-Type': 'application/json;charset=UTF-8',
}
for add in ad:
    r = add
    address_ = "http://www.beijing.gov.cn/hudong/hdjl/com.web.consult.consultDetail.flow?originalId=%s" % add
    print(address_)
    # 爬取子页面的网页
    html2 = requests.get(address_,headers = head2).text
    reqname = re.findall(r'<div class="col-xs-10 col-sm-10 col-md-10 o-font4 my-2"><strong>(.*?)</strong></div>',html2)
    reqtime = re.findall(r'<div class="col-xs-5 col-lg-3 col-sm-3 col-md-3 text-muted ">时间：(.*?)</div>',html2)
    reqcontent = re.findall(r'<div class="col-xs-12 col-md-12 column p-2 text-muted mx-2">(.*?)</div>',html2)
    resname = re.findall(r'<strong>[官方回答]:</strong>(.*?)</div>',html2)
    print(reqname,reqtime,reqcontent,resname)
    # print(html2)
    break
# print(add)
# print(r)
#
# print(ad)