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  • 前端技术Bootstrap的hello world

    ----对于用户来说,界面就是程序本身。那么一个漂亮的web一定是你继续使用这个应用的前题。

     

    这一节我们来一起写个Bootstrap的hello wrold。

    Bootstrap 

    Bootstrap 是最受欢迎的 HTML、CSS 和 JS 框架,用于开发响应式布局、移动设备优先的 WEB 项目。

     

     

    如何使用Bootstrap?                                             

     

    Bootstrap的使用一般有两种方法。一种是引用在线的Bootstrap的样式,一种是将Bootstrap下载到本地进行引用。

     

    引用在线样式:

    引用在线样式的好处就是不用本地安装Bootstrap,也是不用考虑引用时的路径问题。缺点是担心性能问题,一旦在线样式挂了,那么自己的网站页面样式也就乱掉了。

    http://v3.bootcss.com/getting-started/#download

    Bootstrap中文网为 Bootstrap 专门构建了自己的免费 CDN 加速服务。

    使用方法非常简单:

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
      <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">
        <title>Hello Bootstrap</title>
        <!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
        <link href="http://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.2.0/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
        </head>
        <body>
            <h1>hello Bootstrap<h1>
        </body>
    </html>

    <link href="http://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.2.0/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">  这一行已经将在线的样式引进来了。注意本文使用的是当前最新的Bootstrap3.2.0。

     

    使用本地的Bootstrap

    下载Bootstrap到本地进行解压,解压完成,你将得到一个Bootstrap目录,结构如下:

    bootstrap/
    ├── css/
    │   ├── bootstrap.css
    │   ├── bootstrap.min.css
    │   ├── bootstrap-theme.css
    │   └── bootstrap-theme.min.css
    ├── js/
    │   ├── bootstrap.js
    │   └── bootstrap.min.js
    └── fonts/
        ├── glyphicons-halflings-regular.eot
        ├── glyphicons-halflings-regular.svg
        ├── glyphicons-halflings-regular.ttf
        └── glyphicons-halflings-regular.woff

    本地调用如下:

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
      <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">
        <title>Hello Bootstrap</title>
        <!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
        <link href="./bootstrap-3.2.0-dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
        <style type='text/css'>
          body {
            background-color: #CCC;
          }
        </style>
        </head>
        <body>
            <h1>hello Bootstrap<h1>
        </body>
    </html>

    <link href="./bootstrap-3.2.0-dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">  --表示引入当前目录下的Bootstrap样式。

    <link href="D:/bootstrap-3.2.0-dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> --当然也可以使用绝对路径。

    我们多加了一个背景色效果如下:

     

     

    下面利用Bootstrap的样式编写一个网站出来。

     

     

    添加导航行栏和登录框                                           

     

    <nav class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top" role="navigation">
          <div class="container">
            <div class="navbar-header">
              <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="navbar">
                <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
                <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                <span class="icon-bar"></span>
              </button>
              <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">首页</a>
              <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">测试</a>
              <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">开发</a>
            </div>
            <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
              <form class="navbar-form navbar-right" role="form">
                <div class="form-group">
                  <input type="text" placeholder="Email" class="form-control">
                </div>
                <div class="form-group">
                  <input type="password" placeholder="Password" class="form-control">
                </div>
                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success">Sign in</button>
              </form>
            </div><!--/.navbar-collapse -->
          </div>
        </nav>

    浏览器效果如下:

     

     

    添加一篇文章                                                        

     

        <div class="jumbotron">
          <div id='content' class='row-fluid'>
            <h2>Hello, world!</h2>
            <p class="blog-post-meta">January 1, 2014 by <a href="#">Mark</a></p>
            <p>This is a template for a simple marketing or informational website. It includes a large callout called a jumbotron and three supporting pieces of content. Use it as a starting point to create something more unique.</p>
            <p><a class="btn btn-primary btn-lg" role="button">阅读全文 &raquo;</a></p>
          </div>
        </div>

    浏览器效果如下:

     

     

    添加底部介绍与友情链接                                            

     

    <div class="col-sm-3 col-sm-offset-1 blog-sidebar">
              <div class="sidebar-module sidebar-module-inset">
                <h4>About</h4>
                <p>Etiam porta <em>sem malesuada magna</em> mollis euismod. Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur.</p>
              </div>
              <div class="sidebar-module">
                <h4>Elsewhere</h4>
                <ol class="list-unstyled">
                  <li><a href="#">博客园</a></li>
                  <li><a href="#">开源中国</a></li>
                  <li><a href="#">infoq</a></li>
                </ol>
              </div>
        </div>

    最终效果如下:

     

    完整代码:

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
      <head>
        <meta charset="utf-8">
        <title>Hello Bootstrap</title>
        <!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
        <link href="./bootstrap-3.2.0-dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
        <style type='text/css'>
          body {
            background-color: #CCC;
          }
        </style>
        </head>
        <body>
         <nav class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top" role="navigation">
          <div class="container">
            <div class="navbar-header">
              <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="navbar">
                <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
                <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                <span class="icon-bar"></span>
              </button>
              <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">首页</a>
              <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">测试</a>
              <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">开发</a>
            </div>
            <div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
              <form class="navbar-form navbar-right" role="form">
                <div class="form-group">
                  <input type="text" placeholder="Email" class="form-control">
                </div>
                <div class="form-group">
                  <input type="password" placeholder="Password" class="form-control">
                </div>
                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success">Sign in</button>
              </form>
            </div><!--/.navbar-collapse -->
          </div>
        </nav>
        
        <div class="jumbotron">
          <div id='content' class='row-fluid'>
            <h2>Hello, world!</h2>
            <p class="blog-post-meta">January 1, 2014 by <a href="#">Mark</a></p>
            <p>This is a template for a simple marketing or informational website. It includes a large callout called a jumbotron and three supporting pieces of content. Use it as a starting point to create something more unique.</p>
            <p><a class="btn btn-primary btn-lg" role="button">阅读全文 &raquo;</a></p>
          </div>
        </div>
    
        
        <div class="col-sm-3 col-sm-offset-1 blog-sidebar">
              <div class="sidebar-module sidebar-module-inset">
                <h4>About</h4>
                <p>Etiam porta <em>sem malesuada magna</em> mollis euismod. Cras mattis consectetur purus sit amet fermentum. Aenean lacinia bibendum nulla sed consectetur.</p>
              </div>
              <div class="sidebar-module">
                <h4>Elsewhere</h4>
                <ol class="list-unstyled">
                  <li><a href="#">博客园</a></li>
                  <li><a href="#">开源中国</a></li>
                  <li><a href="#">infoq</a></li>
                </ol>
              </div>
        </div>
    
        </body>
    </html>
    View Code

     

    样式的继承                                                          

     

    你一定很好奇,这些样式是怎么玩的?如何你细心的就会留意到div 标签的class属性。

    通过class的属性值去继承Bootstrap的样式定义,那么就达到了某种样式效果。

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> 
    <head> 
        <meta charset="utf-8" /> 
        <title>自定义样式</title>
        <!--自定义侧边栏样式-->
        <style> 
            .divcss5-right{width:320px; height:120px;border:1px solid #F00;float:right}
        </style> 
    </head> 
    <body>
        <!--class属性引用自定义样式--> 
        <div class="divcss5-right">
            <h4>友情链接:</h4>
                <ol class="list-unstyled">
                  <li><a href="#">博客园</a></li>
                  <li><a href="#">开源中国</a></li>
                  <li><a href="#">infoq</a></li>
                </ol>
        </div> 
    </body> 
    </html> 

    玩前端就是要不断的修改里面的属性或信息,然后看浏览器上的展示效果。

     

     

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/fnng/p/4009256.html
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