mysql 汉字按拼音字母排序、获取拼音首字母、拼音全拼

一、汉字utf-8 转gbk排序

ORDER BY  CONVERT(city_name USING gbk)

二、获取词语拼音首字母

创建函数

CREATE FUNCTION `firstPinyin`(P_NAME VARCHAR(255)) RETURNS varchar(255) CHARSET utf8
BEGIN
    DECLARE V_RETURN VARCHAR(255);
    SET V_RETURN = ELT(INTERVAL(CONV(HEX(left(CONVERT(P_NAME USING gbk),1)),16,10), 
        0xB0A1,0xB0C5,0xB2C1,0xB4EE,0xB6EA,0xB7A2,0xB8C1,0xB9FE,0xBBF7, 
        0xBFA6,0xC0AC,0xC2E8,0xC4C3,0xC5B6,0xC5BE,0xC6DA,0xC8BB,
        0xC8F6,0xCBFA,0xCDDA,0xCEF4,0xD1B9,0xD4D1),    
    'A','B','C','D','E','F','G','H','J','K','L','M','N','O','P','Q','R','S','T','W','X','Y','Z');
    RETURN V_RETURN;
END

三、获取词语拼音

创建字典表

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `tbl_dict_pinyin` (
  `pin_yin` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET gbk NOT NULL,
  `code` int(11) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`code_`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;

插入字典数据

INSERT INTO tbl_dict_pinyin VALUES ("a", 20319), ("ai", 20317), ("an", 20304), ("ang", 20295), ("ao", 20292), ("ba", 20283), ("bai", 20265), ("ban", 20257), ("bang", 20242), ("bao", 20230), ("bei", 20051), ("ben", 20036), ("beng", 20032), ("bi", 20026), ("bian", 20002), ("biao", 19990), ("bie", 19986), ("bin", 19982), ("bing", 19976), ("bo", 19805), ("bu", 19784), ("ca", 19775), ("cai", 19774), ("can", 19763), ("cang", 19756), ("cao", 19751), ("ce", 19746), ("ceng", 19741), ("cha", 19739), ("chai", 19728), ("chan", 19725), ("chang", 19715), ("chao", 19540), ("che", 19531), ("chen", 19525), ("cheng", 19515), ("chi", 19500), ("chong", 19484), ("chou", 19479), ("chu", 19467), ("chuai", 19289), ("chuan", 19288), ("chuang", 19281), ("chui", 19275), ("chun", 19270), ("chuo", 19263), ("ci", 19261), ("cong", 19249), ("cou", 19243), ("cu", 19242), ("cuan", 19238), ("cui", 19235), ("cun", 19227), ("cuo", 19224), ("da", 19218), ("dai", 19212), ("dan", 19038), ("dang", 19023), ("dao", 19018), ("de", 19006), ("deng", 19003), ("di", 18996), ("dian", 18977), ("diao", 18961), ("die", 18952), ("ding", 18783), ("diu", 18774), ("dong", 18773), ("dou", 18763), ("du", 18756), ("duan", 18741), ("dui", 18735), ("dun", 18731), ("duo", 18722), ("e", 18710), ("en", 18697), ("er", 18696), ("fa", 18526), ("fan", 18518), ("fang", 18501), ("fei", 18490), ("fen", 18478), ("feng", 18463), ("fo", 18448), ("fou", 18447), ("fu", 18446), ("ga", 18239), ("gai", 18237), ("gan", 18231), ("gang", 18220), ("gao", 18211), ("ge", 18201), ("gei", 18184), ("gen", 18183), ("geng", 18181), ("gong", 18012), ("gou", 17997), ("gu", 17988), ("gua", 17970), ("guai", 17964), ("guan", 17961), ("guang", 17950), ("gui", 17947), ("gun", 17931), ("guo", 17928), ("ha", 17922), ("hai", 17759), ("han", 17752), ("hang", 17733), ("hao", 17730), ("he", 17721), ("hei", 17703), ("hen", 17701), ("heng", 17697), ("hong", 17692), ("hou", 17683), ("hu", 17676), ("hua", 17496), ("huai", 17487), ("huan", 17482), ("huang", 17468), ("hui", 17454), ("hun", 17433), ("huo", 17427), ("ji", 17417), ("jia", 17202), ("jian", 17185), ("jiang", 16983), ("jiao", 16970), ("jie", 16942), ("jin", 16915), ("jing", 16733), ("jiong", 16708), ("jiu", 16706), ("ju", 16689), ("juan", 16664), ("jue", 16657), ("jun", 16647), ("ka", 16474), ("kai", 16470), ("kan", 16465), ("kang", 16459), ("kao", 16452), ("ke", 16448), ("ken", 16433), ("keng", 16429), ("kong", 16427), ("kou", 16423), ("ku", 16419), ("kua", 16412), ("kuai", 16407), ("kuan", 16403), ("kuang", 16401), ("kui", 16393), ("kun", 16220), ("kuo", 16216), ("la", 16212), ("lai", 16205), ("lan", 16202), ("lang", 16187), ("lao", 16180), ("le", 16171), ("lei", 16169), ("leng", 16158), ("li", 16155), ("lia", 15959), ("lian", 15958), ("liang", 15944), ("liao", 15933), ("lie", 15920), ("lin", 15915), ("ling", 15903), ("liu", 15889), ("long", 15878), ("lou", 15707), ("lu", 15701), ("lv", 15681), ("luan", 15667), ("lue", 15661), ("lun", 15659), ("luo", 15652), ("ma", 15640), ("mai", 15631), ("man", 15625), ("mang", 15454), ("mao", 15448), ("me", 15436), ("mei", 15435), ("men", 15419), ("meng", 15416), ("mi", 15408), ("mian", 15394), ("miao", 15385), ("mie", 15377), ("min", 15375), ("ming", 15369), ("miu", 15363), ("mo", 15362), ("mou", 15183), ("mu", 15180), ("na", 15165), ("nai", 15158), ("nan", 15153), ("nang", 15150), ("nao", 15149), ("ne", 15144), ("nei", 15143), ("nen", 15141), ("neng", 15140), ("ni", 15139), ("nian", 15128), ("niang", 15121), ("niao", 15119), ("nie", 15117), ("nin", 15110), ("ning", 15109), ("niu", 14941), ("nong", 14937), ("nu", 14933), ("nv", 14930), ("nuan", 14929), ("nue", 14928), ("nuo", 14926), ("o", 14922), ("ou", 14921), ("pa", 14914), ("pai", 14908), ("pan", 14902), ("pang", 14894), ("pao", 14889), ("pei", 14882), ("pen", 14873), ("peng", 14871), ("pi", 14857), ("pian", 14678), ("piao", 14674), ("pie", 14670), ("pin", 14668), ("ping", 14663), ("po", 14654), ("pu", 14645), ("qi", 14630), ("qia", 14594), ("qian", 14429), ("qiang", 14407), ("qiao", 14399), ("qie", 14384), ("qin", 14379), ("qing", 14368), ("qiong", 14355), ("qiu", 14353), ("qu", 14345), ("quan", 14170), ("que", 14159), ("qun", 14151), ("ran", 14149), ("rang", 14145), ("rao", 14140), ("re", 14137), ("ren", 14135), ("reng", 14125), ("ri", 14123), ("rong", 14122), ("rou", 14112), ("ru", 14109), ("ruan", 14099), ("rui", 14097), ("run", 14094), ("ruo", 14092), ("sa", 14090), ("sai", 14087), ("san", 14083), ("sang", 13917), ("sao", 13914), ("se", 13910), ("sen", 13907), ("seng", 13906), ("sha", 13905), ("shai", 13896), ("shan", 13894), ("shang", 13878), ("shao", 13870), ("she", 13859), ("shen", 13847), ("sheng", 13831), ("shi", 13658), ("shou", 13611), ("shu", 13601), ("shua", 13406), ("shuai", 13404), ("shuan", 13400), ("shuang", 13398), ("shui", 13395), ("shun", 13391), ("shuo", 13387), ("si", 13383), ("song", 13367), ("sou", 13359), ("su", 13356), ("suan", 13343), ("sui", 13340), ("sun", 13329), ("suo", 13326), ("ta", 13318), ("tai", 13147), ("tan", 13138), ("tang", 13120), ("tao", 13107), ("te", 13096), ("teng", 13095), ("ti", 13091), ("tian", 13076), ("tiao", 13068), ("tie", 13063), ("ting", 13060), ("tong", 12888), ("tou", 12875), ("tu", 12871), ("tuan", 12860), ("tui", 12858), ("tun", 12852), ("tuo", 12849), ("wa", 12838), ("wai", 12831), ("wan", 12829), ("wang", 12812), ("wei", 12802), ("wen", 12607), ("weng", 12597), ("wo", 12594), ("wu", 12585), ("xi", 12556), ("xia", 12359), ("xian", 12346), ("xiang", 12320), ("xiao", 12300), ("xie", 12120), ("xin", 12099), ("xing", 12089), ("xiong", 12074), ("xiu", 12067), ("xu", 12058), ("xuan", 12039), ("xue", 11867), ("xun", 11861), ("ya", 11847), ("yan", 11831), ("yang", 11798), ("yao", 11781), ("ye", 11604), ("yi", 11589), ("yin", 11536), ("ying", 11358), ("yo", 11340), ("yong", 11339), ("you", 11324), ("yu", 11303), ("yuan", 11097), ("yue", 11077), ("yun", 11067), ("za", 11055), ("zai", 11052), ("zan", 11045), ("zang", 11041), ("zao", 11038), ("ze", 11024), ("zei", 11020), ("zen", 11019), ("zeng", 11018), ("zha", 11014), ("zhai", 10838), ("zhan", 10832), ("zhang", 10815), ("zhao", 10800), ("zhe", 10790), ("zhen", 10780), ("zheng", 10764), ("zhi", 10587), ("zhong", 10544), ("zhou", 10533), ("zhu", 10519), ("zhua", 10331), ("zhuai", 10329), ("zhuan", 10328), ("zhuang", 10322), ("zhui", 10315), ("zhun", 10309), ("zhuo", 10307), ("zi", 10296), ("zong", 10281), ("zou", 10274), ("zu", 10270), ("zuan", 10262), ("zui", 10260), ("zun", 10256), ("zuo", 10254);

创建拼音函数

DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS to_pinyin;

DELIMITER $
CREATE FUNCTION to_pinyin(NAME VARCHAR(255) CHARSET gbk)
RETURNS VARCHAR(255) CHARSET gbk
BEGIN
    DECLARE mycode INT;
    DECLARE tmp_lcode VARCHAR(2) CHARSET gbk;
    DECLARE lcode INT;

    DECLARE tmp_rcode VARCHAR(2) CHARSET gbk;
    DECLARE rcode INT;

    DECLARE mypy VARCHAR(255) CHARSET gbk DEFAULT '';
    DECLARE lp INT;

    SET mycode = 0;
    SET lp = 1;

    SET NAME = HEX(NAME);

    WHILE lp < LENGTH(NAME) DO

        SET tmp_lcode = SUBSTRING(NAME, lp, 2);
        SET lcode = CAST(ASCII(UNHEX(tmp_lcode)) AS UNSIGNED); 
        SET tmp_rcode = SUBSTRING(NAME, lp + 2, 2);
        SET rcode = CAST(ASCII(UNHEX(tmp_rcode)) AS UNSIGNED); 
        IF lcode > 128 THEN
            SET mycode =65536 - lcode * 256 - rcode ;
            SELECT CONCAT(mypy,pin_yin_) INTO mypy FROM tbl_dict_pinyin WHERE CODE_ >= ABS(mycode) ORDER BY CODE_ ASC LIMIT 1;
            SET lp = lp + 4;
        ELSE
            SET mypy = CONCAT(mypy,CHAR(CAST(ASCII(UNHEX(SUBSTRING(NAME, lp, 2))) AS UNSIGNED)));
            SET lp = lp + 2;
        END IF;
    END WHILE;
    RETURN LOWER(mypy);
END;
$
DELIMITER ;


-- SELECT to_pinyin('测试') from dual

四、经纬度计算距离

 单位千米，需要以米未单位可在6380后面 * 1000。

CREATE FUNCTION getDistance ( curLat DOUBLE, curLon DOUBLE, targetLat DOUBLE, targetLon DOUBLE ) RETURNS DOUBLE BEGIN
    DECLARE
        dis DOUBLE;
    
    SET dis = ACOS(
        SIN(( curLat * 3.1415 ) / 180 ) * SIN(( targetLat * 3.1415 ) / 180 ) + COS(( curLat * 3.1415 ) / 180 ) * COS(( targetLat * 3.1415 ) / 180 ) * COS(( curLon * 3.1415 ) / 180 - ( targetLon * 3.1415 ) / 180 ) 
    ) * 6380;
    RETURN dis;

END

 五、mysql 创建函数

语法：

CREATE FUNCTION 函数名(参数列表) 　RETURNS 返回类型

BEGIN

   　　函数体

END  

1、参数列表 包含两部分：参数名 参数类型 2、函数体：肯定会有return语句，如果没有会报错 如果return语句没有放在函数体的最后也不报错，但不建议 3、函数体中仅有一句话，则可以省略begin end 4、使用 delimiter语句设置结束标记 

-- 定义一个语句结止符
DELIMITER $
-- 创建函数，生命参数列表和返回值类型，定义数据长度
DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS func_template$
CREATE FUNCTION func_template(parameter_name TYPE(length)..) 
	RETURNS TYPE(length)
BEGIN
-- 生命函数体内的局部变量。@用户变量，@@系统变量
DECLARE VARIABLE TYPE(length) DEFAULT VALUE;
-- 变量赋值
SET VARIABLE = VALUE;
FUNCTION BODY;
RETURN TYPE(length);
END $
-- 重新将 ';' 定义为语句结止符
DELIMITER ;

　　

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