第六模块-图书管理系统--多表

作业题目：开发图书增删改查页面

作业需求:

 添加书籍界面：

 编辑页面：

 先把数据关系对应好

在图书管理系统--单表操作的基础上进行修改

0项目目录：

数据库采用pycharm自带的sqlite

1、创建表结构

一本书对应多个作者，一个作者对应多本书------>书籍和作者多对多的关系

一个出版社对应多本书------->出版社和书籍--一对多的关系

在models.py中建立表结构：

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.
class Author(models.Model):
    nid=models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    age=models.IntegerField()

class Publish(models.Model):
    nid=models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    city=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    email=models.EmailField()


class Book(models.Model):
    nid=models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    title=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    publishDate=models.DateField()
    price=models.DecimalField(max_digits=5,decimal_places=2)

    # 与publish建立一对多的关系，在健在多的一方(Book)
    # to=表名 to_field=字段
    publish=models.ForeignKey(to='Publish',to_field='nid',on_delete=models.CASCADE)

    # 与Author建立多对多的关系 可以建立在两个模型中的任意一个，自动创建第三张表
    authors=models.ManyToManyField(to='Author')

数据库迁移
    python manage.py makemigrations
    python manage.py migrate

 生成sqlite表：

在数据库表中预先添加部分数据：

              {% for books in book_list %}
                        <tr>
{#         forloop.counter0 类似于 forloop.counter ，但是它是从0计数的。 第一次执行循环时这个变量会被设置为0。#}

在项目app01中添加静态文件夹static：引入bootstrap-3.3.7模块

 -----

代码：

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path,re_path,include

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    re_path(r'^app01/',include('app01.urls')),

]

from app01 import views
from django.urls import path,re_path
urlpatterns = [
    path('addbook/', views.addbook),
    path('books/', views.books),#查看
    re_path(r'books/(d+)/delete', views.delbook),#删除 delbook(request,id)
    re_path(r'books/(d+)/change', views.changebook),#编辑 changebook(request,id)

]

from django.shortcuts import render

# Create your views here.
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect

# Create your views here.
from app01.models import Book,Publish,Author
def addbook(request):
    if request.method=='POST':
        # get--->name="price"
        title=request.POST.get('title')
        price=request.POST.get('price')
        pub_date=request.POST.get('pub_date')
        publish_id=request.POST.get('publish_id')
        # checkbox,select多选
        authors_id_list=request.POST.getlist('authors_id_list')
        if title == '' or price == '' or pub_date == '' or publish_id == '' or authors_id_list=='':
            return HttpResponse('<h3 style="color: #c7254e">所有选项不为空</h3>')
        # 添加数据
        book_obj=Book.objects.create(title=title,price=price,publishDate=pub_date,publish_id=publish_id)
        # 多对多
        # print(authors_id_list)#['2','3']
        book_obj.authors.add(*authors_id_list)

        return redirect('/app01/books/')

    publish_list=Publish.objects.all()
    author_list=Author.objects.all()
    return render(request,'addbook.html',{'publish_list':publish_list,'author_list':author_list})


def books(request):
    book_list=Book.objects.all()#[obj1,obj2]
    return render(request,'books.html',locals())


def delbook(request,id):
    Book.objects.filter(pk=id).delete()
    # 删除成功后做重定向

    # 方法一
    #return render(request,'books.html')

    # 方法二
    return redirect('/app01/books/')
def changebook(request,id):
    book_obj=Book.objects.filter(pk=id).first()
    if request.method == 'POST':
        title = request.POST.get('title')
        price = request.POST.get('price')
        pub_date = request.POST.get('pub_date')
        publish_id = request.POST.get('publish_id')
        authors_id_list=request.POST.getlist('authors_id_list')
        if title == '' or price == '' or pub_date == '' or publish_id == '' or authors_id_list=='':
            return HttpResponse('<h3 style="color: #c7254e">所有选项不为空</h3>')
        Book.objects.filter(pk=id).update(title=title, price=price, publishDate=pub_date, publish_id=publish_id)

        # 编辑时使用
        book_obj.authors.set(authors_id_list)
        return redirect('/app01/books/')


    publish_list = Publish.objects.all()
    author_list = Author.objects.all()
    return render(request,'changebook.html',{'book_obj':book_obj,'publish_list': publish_list, 'author_list': author_list})

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
    <!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面，任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后！ -->
    {% block title %}
        <title>base</title>
    {% endblock title %}
    <!-- Bootstrap -->
    <link href="/static/bootstrap-3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">

    <!-- HTML5 shim 和 Respond.js 是为了让 IE8 支持 HTML5 元素和媒体查询（media queries）功能 -->
    <!-- 警告：通过 file:// 协议（就是直接将 html 页面拖拽到浏览器中）访问页面时 Respond.js 不起作用 -->
    <!--[if lt IE 9]>
      <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/html5shiv/3.7.3/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
      <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/respond.js/1.4.2/respond.min.js"></script>
    <![endif]-->

    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/base.css">
    <style type="text/css">
        {% block css %}
        .container{
            margin-top: 100px;
        }
        {% endblock %}
    </style>
</head>
<body>
{% block header %}

{% endblock %}

 <div class="container">
        <div class="row">
            <div class="col-md-8 col-md-offset-2">
               {% block con %}

                {% endblock %}
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>


<!-- jQuery (Bootstrap 的所有 JavaScript 插件都依赖 jQuery，所以必须放在前边) -->
<script src="/static/jquery-3.2.1.min.js"></script>
<!-- 加载 Bootstrap 的所有 JavaScript 插件。你也可以根据需要只加载单个插件。 -->
<script src="/static/bootstrap-3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% block css %}
    {{ block.super }}
{% endblock %}
{% block header %}
    <h3>查看书籍</h3>
{% endblock %}


                {% block con %}
{#                    路由分发#}
                <a href="/app01/addbook/" class="btn btn-success pull-left ">添加书籍</a>
                <table class="table table-striped table-bordered table-hover">
                   <thead>
                        <tr>
                            <td>编号</td>
                            <td>书籍名单</td>
                            <td>价格</td>
                            <td>出版日期</td>
                            <td>出版社</td>
                            <td>作者</td>
                            <td><strong>操作</strong></td>

                        </tr>
                   </thead>
{##}                    {% for books in book_list %}
                        <tr>
                            <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
                            <td>{{ books.title }}</td>
                            <td>{{ books.price }}</td>
                            <td>{{ books.publishDate|date:'Y-m-d' }}</td>
                            <td>{{ books.publish.name }}</td>
{#                            pk是主键的意思#}
                            <td>
                                {% for author in books.authors.all %}
                                    {% if forloop.last %}
                                    <span>{{ author.name }}</span>
                                    {% else %}
                                    <span>{{ author.name }}</span>
                                    {% endif %}
                                    {% endfor %}

                            </td>
                            <td>
                                <a href="/app01/books/{{ books.pk }}/delete" class="btn btn-danger" >删除</a>
                                <a href="/app01/books/{{ books.pk }}/change" class="btn btn-success" >编辑</a>
                            </td>

                        </tr>
                        {% endfor %}

                </table>
                {% endblock %}

{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% block css %}
{{ block.super }}
{% endblock %}
{% block header %}
    <h3>添加书籍</h3>
{% endblock %}
                {% block con %}
                <button class="btn btn-default center-block">添加书籍</button>
                <form action="" method="post">
                    {#这个标签用于跨站请求伪造保护#}
                    {% csrf_token %}

                    <div class="form-group">
                        <label for="title">书籍名称</label>
                        <input type="text" class="form-control" id="title" name="title" >
                    </div>
                    <div class="form-group">
                        <label for="price">价格</label>
                        <input type="number" class="form-control" id="price" name="price" >
                    </div>
                    <div class="form-group">
                        <label for="pub_date">出版时间</label>
                        <input type="date" class="form-control" id="pub-date" name="pub_date" >
                    </div>
                    <div class="form-group">
                        <label for="">出版社</label>
{#                      下拉列表#}
                          <select name="publish_id" id="" class="form-control" >
                              {% for publish in publish_list %}
                              <option value="{{ publish.pk }}">{{ publish.name }}</option>
                              {% endfor %}
                          </select>
                    </div>

                    <div class="form-group">
                        <label for="">作者</label>
{#                      下拉列表#}
                          <select type="text" name="authors_id_list"   multiple class="form-control">
                              {% for author in author_list %}
                              <option value="{{ author.pk }}">{{ author.name }}</option>
                              {% endfor %}
                          </select>
                    </div>


                    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success pull-right">提交</button>
                </form>

                {% endblock %}

{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% block css %}
    {{ block.super }}
{% endblock %}
{% block header %}
<h4>编辑书籍</h4>
{% endblock %}
                {% block con %}
                <button class="btn btn-default center-block">编辑书籍</button>

                <form action="" method="post">
                    {#这个标签用于跨站请求伪造保护#}
                    {% csrf_token %}

                    <div class="form-group">
                        <label for="title">书籍名称</label>
                        <input type="text" class="form-control" id="title" name="title" value="{{ book_obj.title }}" >
                    </div>
                    <div class="form-group">
                        <label for="price">价格</label>
                        <input type="number" class="form-control" id="price" name="price" value="{{ book_obj.price }}">
                    </div>
                      <div class="form-group">
                        <label for="pub_date">出版时间</label>
                        <input type="date" class="form-control" id="pub-date" name="pub_date" value="{{ book_obj.publishDate|date:'Y-m-d'}}">
                    </div>

                    <div class="form-group">
                        <label for="">出版社</label>
{#                      下拉列表#}
                          <select name="publish_id" id="" class="form-control" >
                              {% for publish in publish_list %}
                                  {% if book_obj.publish == publish %}
                                      <option selected value="{{ publish.pk }}">{{ publish.name }}</option>
                                  {% else %}
                                      <option  value="{{ publish.pk }}">{{ publish.name }}</option>
                                  {% endif %}
                              {% endfor %}
                          </select>
                    </div>

                    <div class="form-group">
                        <label for="">作者</label>
{#                      下拉列表#}
                          <select type="text" name="authors_id_list"   multiple class="form-control">
                              {% for author in author_list %}
                                  {% if author in book_obj.authors.all %}
                                  <option selected value="{{ author.pk }}">{{ author.name }}</option>
                                  {% else %}
                                  <option value="{{ author.pk }}">{{ author.name }}</option>
                                  {% endif %}
                              {% endfor %}
                          </select>
                    </div>
                    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success pull-right">提交</button>
                </form>

                {% endblock %}