spring整合spring security

1.什么是spring security？

Spring Security是一个能够为基于Spring的企业应用系统提供声明式的安全访问控制解决方案的安全框架。主要用于登录中。

2.spring security入门案例

1）创建maven的web工程，在pom.xml中添加依赖

<properties>
        <spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.csource.fastdfs</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastdfs</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- java编译插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <!-- 指定端口 -->
                    <port>9999</port>
                    <!-- 请求路径 -->
                    <path>/</path>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

2）创建spring-security.xml

作用：1.定义页面拦截规则，2.配置认证管理器

ROLE_USER代表用户组

<form-login/> 开启表单登录

use-expressions 为是否使用使用 Spring 表达式语言（ SpEL ），默认为true ,如果开启，则拦截的配置应该写成以下形式

<intercept-url pattern="/**" access="hasRole('ROLE_USER')" />

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
    xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security.xsd">

    <!-- 页面拦截规则 -->
    <http use-expressions="false">
　　　　 <!-- /**任意目录以及子目录-->
        <intercept-url pattern="/**" access="ROLE_USER" />
        <form-login/>    
    </http>

    <!-- 认证管理器 -->
    <authentication-manager>
        <authentication-provider>
            <user-service>
                <user name="admin" password="123456" authorities="ROLE_USER"/>
            </user-service>        
        </authentication-provider>    
    </authentication-manager>
</beans:beans>

3）配置web.xml

作用：1.加载spring-security.xml配置文件，2.配置一个监听器，3.配置一个过滤器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
    version="2.5">        
       <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring-security.xml</param-value>
     </context-param>
     <listener>
        <listener-class>
            org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
        </listener-class>
     </listener>    
     <filter>  
        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>           
　　　　  <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>  
     </filter>  
     <filter-mapping>  
        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>  
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
     </filter-mapping>    
</web-app>

 4）创建login.html

spring security自带登录界面

登陆失败：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>登陆</title>
</head>
<body>    
    <form action='/login' method='POST'>
        <table>
            <tr>
                <td>用户名:</td>
                <td><input type='text' name='username' value=''></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>密码:</td>
                <td><input type='password' name='password' /></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td colspan='2'><input name="submit" type="submit"
                    value="登陆" /></td>
            </tr>
        </table>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

5）创建登录失败页面，error.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
用户名或密码错误
</body>
</html>

6）在spring-security配置登录信息

    <!-- 以下页面不被拦截 -->
    <http pattern="/login.html" security="none"></http>
    <http pattern="/error.html" security="none"></http>
    <!-- 页面拦截规则 -->
    <http use-expressions="false">
        <intercept-url pattern="/*" access="ROLE_USER" />
        <form-login login-page="/login.html" default-target-url="/index.html" authentication-failure-url="/login_error.html"/>    
        <csrf disabled="true"/>
    </http>

security="none"  设置此资源不被拦截. 
如果你没有设置登录页security="none"  ，将会出现以下错误 

login-page：指定登录页面。
authentication-failure-url：指定了身份验证失败时跳转到的页面。
default-target-url：指定了成功进行身份验证和授权后默认呈现给用户的页面。

csrf disabled="true"  关闭csrf ,如果不加会出现错误