面试题3

96、题目：

活期存款中，“储户”通过“存取款单”和“储蓄所”发生联系。假定储户包括：账号，姓名，电话，地址，存款额；“储蓄所”包括：储蓄所编号，名称，电话，地址（假定一个储户可以在不同得储蓄所存取款）
1、写出设计以上表格的语句。  

Create table 储户

（ 账号 int primary key,姓名char(10),电话 int,地址 nvarchar(50)，存款金额 money  )

  Create table 储蓄所

 （  编号 int primary key,名称 char(10),电话 int,地址 nvarchar(50)   )

  Create table  存取款单

 （ 账号 Int not null,编号 Int not null,时间 datetime not null, 存取标志 int not null，存取金额 money )

2、创建一个触发器TR1完成下面内容：
当向“存取款单”表中插入数据时，如果存取标志＝１则应该更改储户表让存款额加上存取金额，如果存取标志＝0则应该更改储户表让存款额减去存取金额,如果余额不足显示余额不足错误。

  Create trigger InsertInfo on 存取款单 for insert 
       As 
      Declare @BZ int,@money money,@zh int
     Select @BZ=存取标志，@money=存取金额，@zh=账号
       From inserted   //从inserted 表中得到插入的记录信息
     If @BZ=0    //取钱
       Begin
         Declare @sy money
         Select @sy=存款金额 from 储户  //拿到用户的存款金额
         If (@sy<@money)  //如果存款金额小于所取的金额，说明金额不够
          begin
                raiserror ('余额不足')
                rollback
          End
       Else
        begin
             Update 储户 set 存款金额-=@money where 账号=@zh   //更新储户表
        End 
        end
      If @BZ=1
      Begin
          Update 储户 set 存款金额+=@money where 账号=@zh
      end

97、本题用到下面三个关系表：

CARD     借书卡:   (CNO 卡号，NAME  姓名，CLASS 班级)

BOOKS    图书:     (BNO 书号，BNAME 书名,AUTHOR 作者，PRICE 单价，QUANTITY 库存册数 )

BORROW   借书记录: (CNO 借书卡号，BNO 书号，RDATE 还书日期

备注：限定每人每种书只能借一本；库存册数随借书、还书而改变。

要求实现如下处理：

1. 写出自定义函数，要求输入借书卡号能得到该卡号所借书金额的总和。

 Create function fun_GetPrice
       (   @cno int  )
      Returns money   //指定函数的类型
      As
       Begin
          Declare @sum money
         Select @sum=sum(price) from book where bno in (select BNO from borrow where CNO=@cno ）
      Return @sum  //函数的最后一条必须是return语句
       end

2. 找出借书超过5本的读者,输出借书卡号及所借图书册数。

  Select CNO,Count(bno) as 借书数量 from borrow group by CNO having Count(bno)>3

3. 查询借阅了"水浒"一书的读者，输出姓名及班级。  

 Select Name,Class from Card where CNO in (select CNO from borrow where BNO in(select BNO from books where  bname=’水浒’ ) ) 

4. 查询过期未还图书，输出借阅者（卡号）、书号及还书日期。  

  Select CNO,BNO,RDate from borrow where RDate<getdate() 

5. 查询书名包括"网络"关键词的图书，输出书号、书名、作者。    

 Select BNO,BName,AUTHOR from books where BName like ‘%网络%’ 

6. 查询现有图书中价格最高的图书，输出书名及作者。 

    Select BName,AUTHOR from books where price in(select max(prcie) from  books)

7. 查询当前借了"计算方法"但没有借"计算方法习题集"的读者，输出其借书卡号，并按卡号降序排序输出。

Select CNO from borrow where BNO in (select BNO from books Where bname=’计算方法’) and cno not in (select cno from borrow where 
bno in (select bno from books where bname=’计算方法习题集’））order by cno 

 

98.创建以下表结构，并添加一些测试数据：

Student(S#,Sname,Sage,Ssex) 学生表 

Course(C#,Cname,T#) 课程表 

SC(S#,C#,score) 成绩表 

Teacher(T#,Tname) 教师表 

 

1. 查询“001”课程比“002”课程成绩高的所有学生的学号；  

/*1 */ select c1.s# from Sc as c1,Sc as c2 where c1.s#=c2.s# and c1.c#='001'
   and c2.c#='002'  and c1.score>c2.score   
/*2 */ select a.s# from (select s#,score from Sc where c#='001')a,(select s#,score 
   from Sc where c#='002')b where a.score>b.score and a.s#=b.s# 

2. 查询平均成绩大于60分的同学的学号和平均成绩； 

   select S#,AVG(score) from Sc group by s# having AVG(score)>60 

3. 查询所有同学的学号、姓名、选课数、总成绩；  

   select stu.s#,stu.sname,COUNT(C.c#),SUM(c.score) from Student as stu,Sc as c
    where stu.s#=c.s# group by stu.s#,stu.sname   - - 和聚合函数出现在一起的列，必须都在group by 语句中出现

4. 查询姓“李”的老师的个数；  

1、 select COUNT(tname),tname from Teacher where tname like '杨%' group by tname  --如果没有不会显示信息
2、 select COUNT(distinct(tname)) from Teacher where tname like '杨%' --distinct 排除重复的列

5. 查询没学过“叶平”老师课的同学的学号、姓名；  

1、 select stu.s#,stu.sname from Student as stu where stu.s# not in
 (select s.s# from sc as s where s.c# in  (select c.c# from Teacher as t,Course as c where t.t#=c.t# and tname='叶平'))

2、 select stu.s#,stu.sname from Student as stu where stu.s# not in  (select c.s# from Sc as c,Course as cc,Teacher 
as t where c.c#=cc.c# and  cc.t#=t.t# and t.tname='叶平')  --三表查询,这个写起来简单

  6.查询学过“001”并且也学过编号“002”课程的同学的学号、姓名； 

 select stu.s#,stu.sname from Student as stu where stu.s# in (select c1.s# from Sc as c1,Sc as c2 where c1.s#=c2.s# 
and c1.c#='001'  and c2.c#='002') --先找出学了001和002的同学的学号，类似第一题

  7.查询学过“叶平”老师所教的所有课的同学的学号、姓名；

select stu.s#,stu.sname from Student as stu where stu.s# in (select c.s# from sc as c,Course as cc,Teacher as t where 
   c.c#=cc.c# and cc.t#=t.t# and t.tname='叶平')  --跟第5题相反   

  8.查询课程编号“002”的成绩比课程编号“001”课程低的所有同学的学号、姓名；

 select stu.s#,stu.sname from Student as stu where stu.s# in (select c2.s# from Sc as c1,Sc as c2 where c1.s#=c2.s# 
and c2.c#='002' and c1.c#='001' and c2.score<c1.score)

  9.查询所有课程成绩小于60分的同学的学号、姓名；

 select stu.s#,stu.sname from Student as stu where stu.s# not in (select hh.s# from Sc as c,Student as hh where
 hh.s#=c.s# and c.score>60)

10.查询没有学全所有课的同学的学号、姓名；

select s.s#,s.sname from Student as s,Sc as c where s.s#=c.s#  group by s.s#,s.sname having COUNT(c#) <
      (select COUNT(C#) from Course) 

11.查询至少有一门课与学号为“1001”的同学所学相同的同学的学号和姓名； 

select distinct stu.s#,stu.sname  from Student as stu,Sc as c where stu.s#=c.s#  and  c.c# in (select c# from Sc where s#='1001')

12.查询至少学过学号为“001”同学所有一门课的其他同学学号和姓名； 

select distinct stu.s#,stu.sname from Student as stu,Sc where stu.s#=sc.s# and c# in   (select c# from Sc where Sc.s#='001') 

13.把“SC”表中“叶平”老师教的课的成绩都更改为此课程的平均成绩； 

 update Sc set  sc.score=( select AVG(c.score) from Sc as c,Course,Teacher where  c.c#=Course.c# and  
          Course.t#=Teacher.t# and Teacher.tname='叶平'   and c.c#=sc.c#)

14.查询和“1002”号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学学号和姓名； 

select Student.s#,Student.sname from Student,Sc where Student.s#=sc.s# and    Sc.c# in(select sc.c# from Sc where sc.s#='002') and sc.s#!='002'
    group by Student.s#,Student.sname having COUNT(c#)=(select COUNT(c#) from Sc where sc.s#='002')

15.删除学习“叶平”老师课的SC表记录； 

 delete Sc where sc.c#=(select Course.c# from Course,Teacher where Course.t#=Teacher.t# and  Teacher.tname='叶平')

 16.向SC表中插入一些记录，这些记录要求符合以下条件：没有上过编号“003”课程的同学学号、2号课的平均成绩；

insert Sc select s#,'002',(select AVG(score) from Sc where c#='002' ) from Student   where s# not in (select s# from sc where c#='003')

17.按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的“数据库”、“企业管理”、“英语”三门的课程成绩，按如下形式显示： 学生ID,,数据库,企业管理,英语,有效课程数,有效平均分 

select s# as 学生ID,(select score from Sc where sc.s#=t.s# and c#='004') as 数据库,
 (select score from Sc where sc.s#=t.s# and c#='001') as 企业管理,
 (select score from Sc where sc.s#=t.s# and c#='006') as 英语
from Sc as t group by s# order by AVG(score)

18.查询各科成绩最高和最低的分：以如下形式显示：课程ID，最高分，最低分 

 select c#,max(score),min(score) from sc group by c#

19.按各科平均成绩从低到高和及格率的百分数从高到低顺序 

select sc.c#,cname,isnull(avg(score),0) as 平均成绩,100*SUM(case when isnull(score,0)>60 then 1 else 0 end)/count(*) as 及格率 from sc,
Course where sc.c#=Course.c# group by sc.c#,cname order by AVG(score), 
100*SUM(case when isnull(score,0)>60 then 1 else 0 end)/count(*) desc

20.统计列印各科成绩,各分数段人数:课程ID,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[ <60]（红色为列名）

select sc.c#,cname,
sum(case when score between  85 and 100 then 1 else 0 end) as [100-85],
sum(case when score between  85 and 70 then 1 else 0 end) as [85-70],
sum(case when score between  70 and 60 then 1 else 0 end) as [70-60],
sum(case when score <60 then 1 else 0 end) as [<60]
 from  sc,Course where sc.c#=Course.c# group by sc.c#,cname

21.查询每门课程被选修的学生数 

select C#,COUNT(S#) from sc group by c#

22.查询出只选修了一门课程的全部学生的学号和姓名 

select Student.s#,Student.sname,COUNT(C#) from sc,Student  where sc.s#=Student.s#  group by Student.s#,Student.sname having  COUNT(C#)=1

23.查询男生、女生人数

select count(ssex) from Student where ssex='男'
select count(ssex) from Student where ssex='女'

24.查询姓“张”的学生名单 

select sname from Student where sname like '张%'

25.查询同名同性学生名单，并统计同名人数

select Student.sname,COUNT(*) from Student group by Student.sname having COUNT(*)>1

26.1981年出生的学生名单(注：Student表中Sage列的类型是datetime)

 select sname,CONVERT(int,DATEPART(year,sage)) as 年纪 from Student  where CONVERT(int,DATEPART(year,sage))='1981'
 CONVERT() 函数可以用不同的格式显示日期/时间数据。

27.查询每门课程的平均成绩，结果按平均成绩升序排列，平均成绩相同时，按课程号降序排列 

select c#,AVG(score) from sc group by c# order by AVG(score),c# DESC

28.查询平均成绩大于85的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩 

select sc.s#,Student.sname,avg(score) from Student,sc where Student.s#=sc.s# group by sc.s#,Student.sname having AVG(score)>85

29.查询课程名称为“数据库”，且分数低于60的学生姓名和分数

select Student.s#,sc.score from Student,sc,Course where Student.s#=sc.s# and sc.c#=Course.c# and cname='数据库' and score<60

30.查询所有学生的选课情况； 

select Student.s#,sc.c#,sname,cname from Student,sc,Course where Student.s#=sc.s# and sc.c#=Course.c#

31.查询任何一门课程成绩在70分以上的姓名、课程名称和分数； 

select sname,cname,score from Student,Course,sc where Student.s#=sc.s# and sc.c#=Course.c# and score>70

32.查询不及格的课程，并按课程号从大到小排列 ；

select sc.c#,cname from sc,Course where sc.c#=Course.c# and score<60 group by sc.c# order by sc.c# desc

33.查询课程编号为003且课程成绩在80分以上的学生的学号和姓名； 

select Student.s#,sname from Student,sc where Student.s#=sc.s# and sc.c#='003' and score>80

34.求选了课程的学生人数 ；

  select count(s#) from sc

35.查询选修“叶平”老师所授课程的学生中，成绩最高的学生姓名及其成绩 ；

 select Student.sname,sc.score  from student,sc,Course,Teacher where tname='叶平'  and Student.s#=sc.s# and sc.c#=Course.c# and 
Course.t#=Teacher.t# and   sc.score=(select max(score) from sc where sc.c#=Course.c#)