clr via c# 接口

1,常用接口及其定义

public interface IDisposable{
void Dispose();

}

public interface IEnumerable}{
IEnumerator GetEnumerator();

}

public interface IEnumerable<T>:IEnumerable{
IEnumerator GetEnumerator<T> GetEnumerator()
}

public interface ICollection<T>:IEnumerable<T>,IEnumerable {
void Add(T item);
void Clear();
Boolean Contains(T item);
void CopyTo(T[] array,int32 arrayIndex);
int32 Count{get;}
Boolean IsReadOnly {get;}

}

• 接口继承:接口继承表示某类如果继承该接口,则必须实现该接口的继承接口的方法.
• 比如 ,必须实现这些方法.

 public class MyClassForInterface<T> : ICollection<T> where T:class,new()
    {
        public int Count => throw new NotImplementedException();

        public bool IsReadOnly => throw new NotImplementedException();

        public void Add(T item)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        public void Clear()
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        public bool Contains(T item)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        public void CopyTo(T[] array, int arrayIndex)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        public IEnumerator<T> GetEnumerator()
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        public bool Remove(T item)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator()
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
    }

2,当实现接口的时候,的一些结果

 public class Base : IDisposable
    {
        public void Dispose()//实现接口函数,未加virutal,则默认是 virtual sealed---无法重载.
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Base's Dispose!");
        }
    }
    public class Derived : Base, IDisposable
    {
        public new void Dispose()//new,关键字表明这是重新实现的Dispose方法.override...表明是重载的方法.
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Derived's Dispose!");
        }
    }
    public static class CallBaseDerivedOfInterface
    {
        public static void CallBaseAndDerived()
        {
            Base b = new Base();//b的类型,和b的对象的类型都是Base;
            Derived d = new Derived();//d的类型和d的对象的类型都是Derived
            b.Dispose();//调用b的类型的Dispose
            d.Dispose();//调用d的类型的Dispose
            ((IDisposable)b).Dispose();//调用b的对象的类型的Dispose,Base.Dispose
            ((IDisposable)d).Dispose();//调用d的对象的类型的Dispose,Derived.Dispose
            b = new Derived();//b的类型是Base,b的对象的类型是Derived
            b.Dispose();//调用Base.Dispose
            ((IDisposable)b).Dispose();//调用b的对象的Dispose---Derived.Dispose
        }
    }

//结果

Base's Dispose!
Derived's Dispose!
Base's Dispose!
Derived's Dispose!
Base's Dispose!//----调用Base.Dispose
Derived's Dispose!//---调用Derived.Dispose

3,隐式和显式接口方法实现

 public class SimpleType : IDisposable
    {
        public void Dispose()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Dispose");
        }
    }

则该类的类型的方法表里将包含:

• Object定义的所有虚实列方法
• IDisposeable定义的所有接口方法.Dispose();
• SimpleType 引入的新方法Dispose();

在本列中 和上列中,调用 b.Dispose()---则调用SimpleType 定义的Dispose()方法.

                         调用((IDispose)b).Dispose---调用的是接口的Dispose()方法--其指向上一个方法.

 public class SimpleType : IDisposable
    {
        public void Dispose()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Dispose");
        }
        void IDisposable.Dispose()//显示的接口实现
        {
            Console.WriteLine("IDispose.Dispose");
        }
    }

SimpleType st = new SimpleType();
            st.Dispose();
            ((IDisposable)st).Dispose();//只有显示的接口类型 才能够调用.

//

Dispose
IDispose.Dispose