1.async
<!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, user-scalable=no, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>async</title> </head> <body> <script> async function main() { //相当于类方法，then()里头的回调函数 //1. 返回非 promise 的值 // return 'I miss you'; //2. 返回是 promise 对象 // return new Promise((resolve,reject)=>{ // // resolve("OK"); // reject("error"); // }); //3. 抛出错误 // throw "出错啦!!"; } let result = main(); console.log(result); /** * * 返回的结果是一个 Promise 对象 * Promise 对象状态时由返回值 决定的. 1. 返回非promise的情况 return '数据'; 2. throw 抛出错误 throw '失败了!!'; throw new Error('失败啦!!'); 3. 返回的是一个 Promise 的情况 */ </script> </body> </html>
2.await
<!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, user-scalable=no, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>await</title> </head> <body> <script> //await 必须要放在 async 函数中 async function main() { //声明promise对象 let p = new Promise((resolve, reject) => { setTimeout(() => { // resolve("成功的值"); reject("失败的值"); }, 2000) }); //await 右侧一般是promise对象 // let result = await p; console.log(result) //await 右侧k可以是其他类型 // let result = await "abc"; //promise对象失败了 try { let result = await p; } catch (e) { console.error(e); } } main(); </script> </body> </html>
3.async和await结合
//读取 1.html 和 2.html 3.html两个文件内容, 然后合并后输出到控制台 const fs = require('fs'); const util = require("util"); //获取一个返回 promise 对象的函数(读取文件) const readFile = util.promisify(fs.readFile); // readFile(__dirname+ '/resource/1.html').then(value=>{ // console.log(value.toString()); // }); async function main(){ //读取第一个文件的内容 let one = await readFile(__dirname+ '/resource/1.html'); let two = await readFile(__dirname + '/resource/2.html'); let three = await readFile(__dirname + '/resource/3.html'); console.log(one.toString() + two.toString() + three.toString()); } main();
4.async和awiat方式发生ajax请求
<!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, user-scalable=no, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>async和await处理AJAX</title> </head> <body> <script> // f发送 ajax 的函数, 返回的结果是 promise 对象 function promiseAJAX({ url, data, method = "GET" }) { return new Promise((resolve, reject) => { //手动调用 resolve 函数 let x = new XMLHttpRequest(); //初始化 x.open(method, url); //发送 x.send(); //绑定事件, 处理响应结果 x.onreadystatechange = function () {// 1->2 2->3 3-> 4 //只有状态为 4 的时候, 才能对 Promise 对象状态进行设置 if (x.readyState === 4) { //请求成功 2xx 都标识成功 3 重定向 4 客户端错误 5 服务端错误 if (x.status >= 200 && x.status < 300) { //成功的话, 将promise对象的状态设置为成功, 并将响应体设置为 promise 对象成功的值 resolve(x.response); } else { //失败的话 reject(x.status); } } } }); } let url = "https://www.tianqiapi.com/api/?version=v1&city=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&appid=23941491&appsecret=TXoD5e8P"; async function main() { //得到 ajax 请求返回的响应体 let data = await promiseAJAX({url: url}); console.log(data); } main(); </script> </body> </html>