python2生成EXCEL——xlwt模块和xlsxwriter模块的简单使用

# -*- coding: utf-8  -*-
import xlwt
import os
import xlsxwriter

class XLSX(object):
    """
    文档地址：https://xlsxwriter.readthedocs.io/working_with_data.html
    优点：功能强大，支持大文件写入
    缺点：不支持读取和修改、不支持XLS文件
    """
    def __init__(self, file_payh, sheet_name="sheet1"):
        self.workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook(file_payh)
        self.sheet = self.workbook.add_worksheet(sheet_name)
        # 保存excel中表头列的唯一标识和列的索引
        self.keys = {}
        # 表头开始的行号
        self.start_row = 0
        # 当前待插入行的行号
        self.insert_row = 0
        # 表头开始的列号
        self.start_col = 0

    def get_style(self, font_name=u"微软雅黑", font_size=10, font_bold=False, font_color="black", border=1,
                  background_color="#FFFFFF", align="left", valign="vcenter"):
        """
        获取单元格样式
        设置字体：字体样式（默认微软雅黑），字体大小（默认10），字体默认不加粗，字体颜色（默认黑色）
        设置单元格：单元格背景颜色（默认白色）
        设置边框：边框宽度上下左右（默认宽度为1）
        """

        # 设置字体
        style = self.workbook.add_format({
            # 字体样式
            "font_name": font_name,
            # 字体大小
            "font_size": font_size,
            # 是否加粗
            "bold": font_bold,
            # 边框宽度
            "border": border,
            # 水平对齐方式
            "align": align,
            # 是否自动换行
            "text_wrap": True,
            # 背景颜色
            "fg_color": background_color,
            # 字体颜色
            "color": font_color,
            # 垂直居中
            "valign": valign
        })
        return style

    def set_head(self, head, start_row=0, start_col=0):
        """
        设置表头
        head：表头信息[{"name": "表头文本", "width": 10, "background-color": "green", "font-siz": 10}]
        start_row: 表头插入开始行,行号从0开始计算
        start_col：表头插入开始列，列号从0开始计算
        """
        # 设置当前行号，和表头所在行号
        self.start_row = start_row
        self.insert_row = start_row
        self.start_col = start_col
        # 添加表头
        for i in range(len(head)):
            col_index = start_col + i
            width = head[i].get("width", 10)
            background_color = head[i].get("background-color", "green")
            size = head[i].get("font-siz", 10)
            self.sheet.set_column(col_index, col_index, width)
            style3 = self.get_style(font_size=size, background_color=background_color)
            name = head[i].get("name", "").decode("utf-8")
            self.sheet.write(self.start_row, col_index, name, style3)
            key = head[i].get("key", "")
            self.keys[key] = {"col": col_index}
        self.insert_row += 1

    def write(self, data):
        """
        写入数据
        数据中各个对象的key需要和head保持一致
        数据格式
        data = [{"module": "地图", "function": "地图功能项1", "unique": "map", "info": "这是地图说明",
                 "type": "int", "value_info": "111111", "value": 1}]
        """
        for index, item in enumerate(data):
            row_index = self.insert_row + index
            for key in item.keys():
                col_index = self.keys[key]["col"]
                val = str(data[index][key])
                self.sheet.write(row_index, col_index, val.decode("utf-8"))

    def group_write(self, data):
        """
        数据分组显示
        数据中各个对象的key需要和head保持一致
        数据格式
        data = [
            {
                "module": "地图",
                "data":[
                    {"function": "地图功能项1", "unique": "map", "info": "这是地图说明","type": "int", "value_info": "111111", "value": 1},
                    {"function": "地图功能项1", "unique": "map", "info": "这是地图说明", "type": "int", "value_info": "111111",
                     "value": 1},
                    {"function": "地图功能项1", "unique": "map", "info": "这是地图说明", "type": "int", "value_info": "111111",
                     "value": 1}
                ]

             },
        ]
        """
        for item in data:
            length = len(item["data"])
            module_name = item["module"]
            style = self.get_style(align="center")
            self.merge_range(self.insert_row, 0, self.insert_row + length - 1, 0, module_name.decode("utf-8"), style)
            functions = item["data"]
            self.write(functions)
            self.insert_row += length
        self.add_filter()

    def merge_range(self, first_row, first_col, last_row, last_col, data, style):
        """
        合并单元格
        """
        self.sheet.merge_range(first_row, first_col, last_row, last_col, data, style)

    def add_filter(self):
        """
        为每个列添加筛选功能
        """
        # 列添加筛筛选
        col_count = len(self.keys.keys())
        self.sheet.autofilter(self.start_row, self.start_col, self.insert_row-1, col_count - 1)

    def save(self):
        # 导出excel
        self.workbook.close()


class XLS(object):
    def __init__(self, file_payh, sheet_name="sheet1"):
        self.workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8')
        self.sheet = self.workbook.add_sheet(sheet_name, cell_overwrite_ok=True)
        self.keys = {}
        self.file_payh = file_payh

    def get_style(self, font_name=u"微软雅黑", font_size=10, font_bold=False, font_color="black", background_color="white",
                  border_left=1, border_right=1, border_top=1, border_bottom=1, center=False):
        """
        获取单元格样式
        设置字体：字体样式（默认微软雅黑），字体大小（默认10），字体默认不加粗，字体颜色（默认黑色）
        设置单元格：单元格背景颜色（默认白色）
        设置边框：边框宽度上下左右（默认宽度为1）
        """

        # 设置字体
        style = xlwt.XFStyle()
        font = xlwt.Font()
        # 字体样式
        font.name = font_name
        # 字体大小，字体大小的基本单位是20.
        font.height = 20 * font_size
        # 字体加粗
        font.bold = font_bold
        # 字体颜色
        font.colour_index = xlwt.Style.colour_map[font_color]
        style.font = font

        # 单元格对齐方式默认左对齐
        al = xlwt.Alignment()
        al.horz = 0x02 if center else 0x00
        # 设置自动换行
        al.wrap = True
        style.alignment = al

        # 设置单元格
        pat = xlwt.Pattern()
        # 设置单元格背景颜色
        pat.pattern = xlwt.Pattern.SOLID_PATTERN  # 设置单元格背景颜色
        pat.pattern_fore_colour = xlwt.Style.colour_map[background_color]
        style.pattern = pat

        # 设置边框
        border = xlwt.Borders()
        border.left = border_left
        border.right = border_right
        border.top = border_top
        border.bottom = border_bottom
        style.borders = border
        return style

    def set_head(self, head, start_row=0, start_col=0):
        """
        设置表头
        head：表头信息[{"name": "表头文本", "width": 10, "background-color": "green", "font-siz": 10}]
        start_row: 表头插入开始行,行号从0开始计算
        start_col：表头插入开始列，列号从0开始计算
        """
        # 添加表头
        for i in range(len(head)):
            col_index = start_col + i
            width = head[i].get("width", 10)
            background_color = head[i].get("background-color", "green")
            size = head[i].get("font-siz", 10)
            self.sheet.col(col_index).width = 256 * width  # 设置列宽,256为基准数，
            style3 = self.get_style(font_size=size, background_color=background_color)
            name = head[i].get("name", "")
            self.sheet.write(start_row, col_index, name, style3)
            key = head[i].get("key", "")
            self.keys[key] = {"col": col_index}

    def write(self, data, start_row):
        """
        写入数据
        """
        for index, item in enumerate(data):
            row_index = start_row + index
            for key in item.keys():
                col_index = self.keys[key]["col"]
                val = data[index][key]
                self.sheet.write(row_index, col_index, val)

    def save(self):
        # 导出excel
        self.workbook.save(self.file_payh)


class CppConfigXml(XLSX):
    def set_head(self, head, start_row=0, start_col=0):
        # 添加说明行
        # 合并单元格第0行第0列到第0行第7列
        style1 = self.get_style(font_size=20, font_bold=True, align="center")
        self.sheet.merge_range(0, 0, 0, 6, u"AUTO CPP 配置参数表", style1)
        style2 = self.get_style(font_size=10)
        explain = u"说明：HMI在与适配AL层交互时，由于系统能力或项目上与客户的约定不同，希望可以相应展现不同的UI样式和功能
由项目/产品填写导入研发"
        self.sheet.merge_range(1, 0, 1, 6, explain, style2)
        self.sheet.set_row(1, 40)

        super(CppConfigXml, self).set_head(head, start_row, start_col)



if __name__=="__main__":
    try:
        data = [{"module": "地图", "function": "地图功能项1", "unique": "map", "info": "这是地图说明",
                 "type": "int", "value_info": "111111", "value": 1}]
        head = [
            {"name": "模块", "width": 10, "key": "module"},
            {"name": "功能项", "width": 28, "key": "function"},
            {"name": "唯一码", "width": 52, "key": "unique"},
            {"name": "功能说明", "width": 62, "key": "info"},
            {"name": "参数类型", "width": 10, "key": "type"},
            {"name": "参数类型", "width": 15, "key": "value_info"},
            {"name": "参数值", "width": 10, "key": "value"},
        ]
        file_name = "1.xlsx"
        local_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
        file_pth = os.path.join(local_dir, file_name)
        start_row, start_col = 2, 0
        a = CppConfigXml(file_pth)
        a.set_head(head, start_row, start_col)
        a.write(data)
        a.add_filter()
        a.save()
    except Exception as e:
        print(e.message)