使用BSD socket编写Windows版的网络程序

    我们知道BSD Socket是标准的套接字规范，那么怎么在windows使用他们呢？

    我们首先要引用<winsock2.h>和ws2_32.lib

    然后，执行WSAStartup

	#ifdef _WIN32
	  WORD wVersionRequested;
	  WSADATA wsaData;
	  wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD(1, 1);
	  iStatus = WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData);
	  if (iStatus != 0) {
		return 0;
	  }
	  if (LOBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 1 ||
		HIBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 1) {
		WSACleanup();
		return 0;
	  }
	#endif

    WSAStartup函数

int WSAStartup(
  _In_   WORD wVersionRequested,
  _Out_  LPWSADATA lpWSAData
);

    最后，执行关闭socket、清理工作

    #ifdef _WIN32
      closesocket(sockfd);
      WSACleanup();
    #endif

   WSACleanup函数

int WSACleanup(void);

    以下程序在Win7 + VC10下编译通过
    客户端程序：

// prjClt.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.
//
/**
 * Networking program is Win version with BSD Socket
 * Client side
 *
 * Author: xiaobin
 * Date: 2013-12-12
 */
#include "stdafx.h"

#ifdef _WIN32
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <ws2tcpip.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")
#else
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/in.h>
#endif

#define MAXLINE 254
#define DEFAULT_PORT 3293

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	int 				 sockfd;
	struct  sockaddr_in  servaddr;
	int					 iStatus;
	char				*sendBuff = "this is test message!";
	
	#ifdef _WIN32
	  WORD wVersionRequested;
	  WSADATA wsaData;
	  wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD(1, 1);
	  iStatus = WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData);
	  if (iStatus != 0) {
		return 0;
	  }
	  if (LOBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 1 ||
		HIBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 1) {
		WSACleanup();
		return 0;
	  }
	#endif

	if (argc != 2)
		printf("Usage: <IPaddress>>
");
	
	sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	if (sockfd < 0)
		printf("socket error
");
	
	/* check Server address */
	// inet_pton is win version - InetPton
	if (InetPton(AF_INET, argv[1], &servaddr.sin_addr) < 0)
		printf("inet_pton error for %s", argv[1]);

	/* Set serveraddr */
	memset(&servaddr, 0, sizeof(servaddr));
	servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	servaddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);
	servaddr.sin_port 	= htons(DEFAULT_PORT);

	printf("%s%s%s
", "Connecting ", argv[1], " ...");

	/* connect server */
	iStatus = connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *) &servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));
	if ( iStatus < 0 ) {
		closesocket(sockfd);
		printf("connect error
");
	}

	printf("%s
", "Writing...");
	/* Write data */
	iStatus = send(sockfd, sendBuff, (int)strlen(sendBuff), 0);
	if (iStatus < 0) {
		printf("%s
", "write data error");
	}
	printf("%s
", "Writed.");
		
	#ifdef _WIN32
      closesocket(sockfd);
      WSACleanup();
    #endif

	return 0;
}

    注意：InetPton函数只能在Windows Version >=6上实现！

    

    服务器端程序：

// prjSrv.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.
//
/**
 * Networking program is Win version with BSD Socket
 * Server side
 *
 * Author: xiaobin
 * Date: 2012-12-18 23:35
 */
#include "stdafx.h"

#ifdef _WIN32
#include <winsock2.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")
#else
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/in.h>
#endif

#define DEFAULT_BUFLEN 128
#define DEFAULT_PORT 3293

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	int					srvSock, client;
	struct sockaddr_in  addrSrv;
	int					iStatus;
	int					len;
	char				buff[DEFAULT_BUFLEN];

	#ifdef _WIN32
	  WORD wVersionRequested;
	  WSADATA wsaData;
	  wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD(1, 1);
	  iStatus = WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData);
	  if (iStatus != 0) {
		return 0;
	  }
	  if (LOBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 1 ||
		HIBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 1) {
		WSACleanup();
		return 0;
	  }
	#endif

	srvSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);

	addrSrv.sin_family = AF_INET;
	addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
	addrSrv.sin_port = htons(DEFAULT_PORT);

	bind(srvSock, (struct sockaddr *)&addrSrv, sizeof(addrSrv));
	listen(srvSock, 5);

	len = sizeof(struct sockaddr);

	while(1) {
		client = accept(srvSock, (struct sockaddr *)&addrSrv, (int *)&len);
		iStatus = recv(client, buff, DEFAULT_BUFLEN, 0);
		if (iStatus > 0)
			printf("%s
", buff);
	}




	#ifdef _WIN32
      closesocket(client);
	  closesocket(srvSock);
      WSACleanup();
    #endif

	return 0;
}

参考文献：

1. 《Unix 网络编程系列01》 - xiaobin

2. 《Unix 网络编程系列05》 - xiaobin

3. 《网络编程client和server》 - xiaobin

4. WSAStartup - Microsoft Developer Network

5. WSACleanup -  Microsoft Developer Network

6. InetPton - Microsoft Developer Network