python 获取 Linux 的 IP 信息(通过 ifconfig 命令)

我们可以使用 python 代码通过调用 ifconfig 命令来获取 Linux 主机的 IP 相关信息，包括：网卡名称、MAC地址、IP地址等。

第一种实现方式：

#!/usr/bin/python
#encoding: utf-8

from subprocess import Popen, PIPE

def getIfconfig():
    p = Popen(['ifconfig'], stdout = PIPE)
    data = p.stdout.read().split('

')
    return [i for i in data if i and not i.startswith('lo')]

def parseIfconfig(data):
    dic = {}
    for devs in data:
        lines = devs.split('
')
        devname = lines[0].split()[0]
        macaddr = lines[0].split()[-1]
        ipaddr  = lines[1].split()[1].split(':')[1]
        dic[devname] = [ipaddr, macaddr]
    return dic
        

if __name__ == '__main__':
    data = getIfconfig()
    print parseIfconfig(data)

第二种实现方式：

#!/usr/bin/python
#encoding: utf-8

from subprocess import Popen, PIPE

def getIP():
    p = Popen(['ifconfig'], stdout = PIPE, stderr = PIPE)
    stdout, stderr = p.communicate()
    data = [i for i in stdout.split('
') if i]
    return data

def genIP(data):
    new_line = ''
    lines = []
    for line in data:
        if line[0].strip():
            lines.append(new_line)
            new_line = line + '
'
        else:
            new_line += line + '
'
    lines.append(new_line)
    return [i for i in lines if i and not i.startswith('lo')]

def parseIP(data):
    dic = {}
    for devs in data:
        lines = devs.split('
')
        devname = lines[0].split()[0]
        macaddr = lines[0].split()[-1]
        ipaddr  = lines[1].split()[1].split(':')[1]
        dic[devname] = [ipaddr, macaddr]
    return dic

if __name__ == '__main__':
    data = getIP()
    nics = genIP(data)
    print parseIP(nics)