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  • Django的url规则

    利用Django开发网站,可以设计出非常优美的url规则,如果url的匹配规则(包含正则表达式)组织得比较好,view的结构就会比较清晰,比较容易维护。
    最简单的形式
    [python] view plain copy print?
    <code>  
    from django.conf.urls import patterns, url  
    urlpatterns = patterns('',  
        url(r'^articles/2003/$', 'news.views.special_case_2003'),  
        url(r'^articles/(d{4})/$', 'news.views.year_archive'),  
        url(r'^articles/(d{4})/(d{2})/$', 'news.views.month_archive'),  
        url(r'^articles/(d{4})/(d{2})/(d+)/$', 'news.views.article_detail'),  
    )</code>  
    其中,正则表达式中组匹配出来的结果可以作为positional parameters传递给view.
    如果url是www.yourdomain/articles/2005/,则会匹配第二条规则,执行news.views.year_archive('2005').
    注意点
    域名部分会被过滤掉
    articles的前面不需要添加/,因为前序url的末尾一定会有/
    任何组匹配的变量,都会议字符串的形式传递给view, 虽然通过(d{4})匹配出了2005,但2005任然会被当做字符串传递给year_archive
    利用named group来传递参数
    可以通过以下形式为特定的组指定一个名称.
    [python] view plain copy print?
    urlpatterns = patterns('',  
        url(r'^articles/2003/$', 'news.views.special_case_2003'),  
        url(r'^articles/(?P<year>d{4})/$', 'news.views.year_archive'),  
        url(r'^articles/(?P<year>d{4})/(?P<month>d{2})/$', 'news.views.month_archive'),  
        url(r'^articles/(?P<year>d{4})/(?P<month>d{2})/(?P<day>d{2})/$', 'news.views.article_detail'),  
    )  

    这样的话,组的匹配结果会通过keyword parameters的形式传递给view.例如year_archive(year='2005')

    利用named group可以为view指定一个默认参数来匹配多条规则。
    [python] view plain copy print?
    # URLconf  
    from django.conf.urls import patterns, url  
      
    urlpatterns = patterns('',  
        url(r'^blog/$', 'blog.views.page'),  
        url(r'^blog/page(?P<num>d+)/$', 'blog.views.page'),  
    )  
      
    # View (in blog/views.py)  
    def page(request, num="1"):  
        # Output the appropriate page of blog entries, according to num.  


    指定view前缀(提取公因式)
    patterns函数的第一个参数即是view的前缀
    [python] view plain copy print?
    from django.conf.urls import patterns, url  
      
    urlpatterns = patterns('news.views',  
        url(r'^articles/(d{4})/$', 'year_archive'),  
        url(r'^articles/(d{4})/(d{2})/$', 'month_archive'),  
        url(r'^articles/(d{4})/(d{2})/(d+)/$', 'article_detail'),  
    )  
    指定多个view前缀
    [python] view plain copy print?
    urlpatterns = patterns('myapp.views',  
        url(r'^$', 'app_index'),  
        url(r'^(?P<year>d{4})/(?P<month>[a-z]{3})/$','month_display'),  
    )  
    urlpatterns += patterns('weblog.views',  
        url(r'^tag/(?P<tag>w+)/$', 'tag'),  
    )  

    include其它匹配模块
    [python] view plain copy print?
    from django.conf.urls import include, patterns, url  
      
    urlpatterns = patterns('',  
        # ... snip ...  
        url(r'^comments/', include('django.contrib.comments.urls')),  
        url(r'^community/', include('django_website.aggregator.urls')),  
        url(r'^contact/', include('django_website.contact.urls')),  
        # ... snip ...  
    )  
    当然也可以直接include其它patterns
    [python] view plain copy print?
    from django.conf.urls import include, patterns, url  
      
    extra_patterns = patterns('',  
        url(r'^reports/(?P<id>d+)/$', 'credit.views.report'),  
        url(r'^charge/$', 'credit.views.charge'),  
    )  
      
    urlpatterns = patterns('',  
        url(r'^$', 'apps.main.views.homepage'),  
        url(r'^help/', include('apps.help.urls')),  
        url(r'^credit/', include(extra_patterns)),  
    )  

    为view函数传递额外参数
    [python] view plain copy print?
    from django.conf.urls import patterns, url  
      
    urlpatterns = patterns('blog.views',  
        url(r'^blog/(?P<year>d{4})/$', 'year_archive', {'foo': 'bar'}),  
    )  
    直接使用view函数
    [python] view plain copy print?
    from django.conf.urls import patterns, url  
    from mysite.views import archive, about, contact  
      
    urlpatterns = patterns('',  
        url(r'^archive/$', archive),  
        url(r'^about/$', about),  
        url(r'^contact/$', contact),  
    )  

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/gary-bao/p/5311449.html
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