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  • 一个java的http请求的封装工具类

    java实现http请求的方法常用有两种,一种则是通过java自带的标准类HttpURLConnection去实现,另一种是通过apache的httpclient去实现。
    本文用httpclient去实现,需要导入httpclient和httpcore两个jar包,测试时用的httpclient-4.5.1和httpcore-4.4.3。

    HttpMethod.java

    package demo;
    
    public enum HttpMethod {
        GET, POST;
    }

    HttpHeader.java

    package demo;
    
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    /**
     * 请求头
     */
    public class HttpHeader {
        private Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
            
        public HttpHeader addParam(String name, String value) {
            this.params.put(name, value);
            return this;
        }
        
        public Map<String, String> getParams() {
            return this.params;
        }
    }

    HttpParamers.java

    package demo;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.net.URLEncoder;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.Map;
    import java.util.Set;
    
    import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
    
    /**
     * 请求参数
     */
    public class HttpParamers {
        private Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
        private HttpMethod httpMethod;
        private String jsonParamer = "";
    
        public HttpParamers(HttpMethod httpMethod) {
            this.httpMethod = httpMethod;
        }
    
        public static HttpParamers httpPostParamers() {
            return new HttpParamers(HttpMethod.POST);
        }
    
        public static HttpParamers httpGetParamers() {
            return new HttpParamers(HttpMethod.GET);
        }
        
        public HttpParamers addParam(String name, String value) {
            this.params.put(name, value);
            return this;
        }
    
        public HttpMethod getHttpMethod() {
            return this.httpMethod;
        }
    
        public String getQueryString(String charset) throws IOException {
            if ((this.params == null) || (this.params.isEmpty())) {
                return null;
            }
            StringBuilder query = new StringBuilder();
            Set<Map.Entry<String, String>> entries = this.params.entrySet();
    
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entries) {
                String name = entry.getKey();
                String value = entry.getValue();
                query.append("&").append(name).append("=").append(URLEncoder.encode(value, charset));
            }
            return query.substring(1);
        }
    
        public boolean isJson() {
            return !isEmpty(this.jsonParamer);
        }
    
        public Map<String, String> getParams() {
            return this.params;
        }
    
        public String toString() {
            return "HttpParamers " + JSON.toJSONString(this);        
        }
    
        public String getJsonParamer() {
            return this.jsonParamer;
        }
        
        public void setJsonParamer() {
            this.jsonParamer = JSON.toJSONString(this.params);
        }
        
        private static boolean isEmpty(CharSequence cs) {
            return (cs == null) || (cs.length() == 0);
        }
    }

    HttpClient.java

    package demo;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.util.Map;
    import java.util.Set;
    
    import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpRequestBase;
    import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
    import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
    import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
    import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;
    import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
    
    public class HttpClient {
        public static final String DEFAULT_CHARSET = "UTF-8";
        public static final String JSON_CONTENT_FORM = "application/json;charset=UTF-8";
        public static final String CONTENT_FORM = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8";
        
        public static String doService(String url, HttpParamers paramers, HttpHeader header, int connectTimeout, int readTimeout) throws Exception {
            HttpMethod httpMethod = paramers.getHttpMethod();
            switch (httpMethod) {
                case GET:
                    return doGet(url, paramers, header, connectTimeout, readTimeout);
                case POST:
                    return doPost(url, paramers, header, connectTimeout, readTimeout);
            }
            return null;
        }
        
        /**
         * post方法
         * @param url
         * @param paramers
         * @param header
         * @param connectTimeout
         * @param readTimeout
         * @return
         * @throws IOException
         */
        public static String doPost(String url, HttpParamers paramers, HttpHeader header, int connectTimeout, int readTimeout) throws IOException  {
            String responseData = "";
            CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
            CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;        
            try{
                String query = null;                    
                HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
                setHeader(httpPost, header);                        
                if (paramers.isJson()) {
                    //json数据
                    httpPost.setHeader(HTTP.CONTENT_TYPE, JSON_CONTENT_FORM);                
                    query = paramers.getJsonParamer();
                } else {
                    //表单数据
                    httpPost.setHeader(HTTP.CONTENT_TYPE, CONTENT_FORM);
                    query = paramers.getQueryString(DEFAULT_CHARSET);
                }
                if(query != null){
                    HttpEntity reqEntity = new StringEntity(query);
                    httpPost.setEntity(reqEntity);
                }            
                httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();                        
                httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
                HttpEntity resEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
                responseData = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity);
            } catch (Exception e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally{
                httpResponse.close();
                httpClient.close();
            }
            return responseData;
        }
        
        
        /**
         * get方法
         * @param url
         * @param params
         * @param header
         * @param connectTimeout
         * @param readTimeout
         * @return
         * @throws IOException
         */
        public static String doGet(String url, HttpParamers params, HttpHeader header, int connectTimeout, int readTimeout) throws IOException {
            String responseData = "";
            CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
            CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;        
            try{    
                String query = params.getQueryString(DEFAULT_CHARSET);    
                url = buildGetUrl(url, query);
                HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
                setHeader(httpGet, header);    
                httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();                        
                httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
                HttpEntity resEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
                responseData = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity);
            } catch (Exception e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally{
                httpResponse.close();
                httpClient.close();
            }
            return responseData;
        }
        
        private static void setHeader(HttpRequestBase httpRequestBase, HttpHeader header){
            if(header != null){
                Map<String,String> headerMap = header.getParams();
                if (headerMap != null && !headerMap.isEmpty()) {        
                    Set<Map.Entry<String, String>> entries = headerMap.entrySet();    
                    for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entries) {
                        String name = entry.getKey();
                        String value = entry.getValue();
                        httpRequestBase.setHeader(name, value);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        
        private static String buildGetUrl(String url, String query) throws IOException {
            if (query == null || query.equals("")) {
                return url;
            }
            StringBuilder newUrl = new StringBuilder(url);
            boolean hasQuery = url.contains("?");
            boolean hasPrepend = (url.endsWith("?")) || (url.endsWith("&"));
            if (!hasPrepend) {
                if (hasQuery) {
                    newUrl.append("&");
                } else {
                    newUrl.append("?");
                    hasQuery = true;
                }
            }
            newUrl.append(query);
            hasPrepend = false;
            return newUrl.toString();
        }
    }

    HttpService.java

    package demo;
    
    import java.util.Map;
    
    import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
    import com.alibaba.fastjson.TypeReference;
    
    public class HttpService {
        private String serverUrl;
        private int connectTimeout = 15000;
        private int readTimeout = 30000;
        public HttpService(String serverUrl) {
            this.serverUrl = serverUrl.trim();
        }
        public Map<String, Object> commonService(String serviceUrl, HttpParamers paramers) throws Exception{
            return commonService(serviceUrl, paramers, null);
        }
        public Map<String, Object> commonService(String serviceUrl, HttpParamers paramers, HttpHeader header) throws Exception{
            String response = service(serviceUrl, paramers, header);
            try {
                Map<String, Object> result = JSONObject.parseObject(response, new TypeReference<Map<String, Object>>() {});
                if ((result == null) || (result.isEmpty())) {
                    throw new Exception("远程服务返回的数据无法解析");
                }
                Integer code = (Integer) result.get("code");
                if ((code == null) || (code.intValue() != 0)) {
                    throw new Exception((String) result.get("message"));
                }
                return result;
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new Exception("返回结果异常,response:" + response, e);
            }
        }
        public String service(String serviceUrl, HttpParamers paramers) throws Exception {
            return service(serviceUrl, paramers, null);
        }
        public String service(String serviceUrl, HttpParamers paramers, HttpHeader header) throws Exception {
            String url = this.serverUrl + serviceUrl;
            String responseData = "";
            try {
                responseData = HttpClient.doService(url, paramers, header, this.connectTimeout, this.readTimeout);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new Exception(e.getMessage(), e);
            }
            return responseData;
        }
        
        public String getServerUrl() {
            return this.serverUrl;
        }
    
        public int getConnectTimeout() {
            return this.connectTimeout;
        }
    
        public int getReadTimeout() {
            return this.readTimeout;
        }
    
        public void setConnectTimeout(int connectTimeout) {
            this.connectTimeout = connectTimeout;
        }
    
        public void setReadTimeout(int readTimeout) {
            this.readTimeout = readTimeout;
        }
    }

    测试例子Test1.java

    package demo;
    
    import org.junit.Ignore;
    import org.junit.Test;
    
    public class Test1 {
    
        //免费的在线REST服务, 提供测试用的HTTP请求假数据
        //接口信息说明可见:http://www.hangge.com/blog/cache/detail_2020.html
        String uri = "http://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com";
        
        //get方式请求数据
        //请求地址:http://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts
        @Ignore("暂时忽略")
        @Test
        public void test1() {
            System.out.print("
    " + "test1---------------------------"+ "
    ");
            HttpParamers paramers = HttpParamers.httpGetParamers();
            String response = "";
            try {
                HttpService httpService = new HttpService(uri);
                response = httpService.service("/posts", paramers);            
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.print(response);
        }
        
        //get方式请求数据
        //请求地址:http://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts?userId=5
        @Ignore("暂时忽略")
        @Test
        public void test2() {
            System.out.print("
    " + "test2---------------------------"+ "
    ");
            HttpParamers paramers = HttpParamers.httpGetParamers();
            paramers.addParam("userId", "5");
            String response = "";
            try {
                HttpService httpService = new HttpService(uri);            
                response = httpService.service("/posts", paramers);            
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.print(response);
        }
        
        //post方式请求数据
        //请求地址:http://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts    
        @Test
        public void test3() {
            System.out.print("
    " + "test3---------------------------"+ "
    ");
            HttpParamers paramers = HttpParamers.httpPostParamers();
            paramers.addParam("time", String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis()));
            String response = "";
            try {
                HttpService httpService = new HttpService(uri);
                response = httpService.service("/posts", paramers);            
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.print(response);
        }
    }
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/gdjlc/p/11321717.html
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