Python:从入门到实践--第九章-类--练习

#1.餐馆：创建一个名为Restaurant的类，其方法_init_()设置两个属性：restaurant_name和cuisine_type。
#创建一个名为describe_restaurant的方法和一个名为open_restaurant()的方法，
#其中前者打印前述两项信息，而后者打印一条消息，指出餐馆正在营业
#根据这个类创建一个实例restaurant，分别打印其两个属性，再调用前述两个方法

class Restaurant():
    #餐馆的基本信息
    def __init__(self,restaurant_name,cuisine_type):
        self.restaurant_name = restaurant_name
        self.cuisine_type = cuisine_type
        
    def describe_restaurant(self):
        print("The restaurant name:" + self.restaurant_name.title())
        print("The restaurant's cuisine type:" + self.cuisine_type.title())
    
    def open_restaurant(self):
        print("The " + self.restaurant_name.title() + " is opening...")

restaurant = Restaurant('yican','zonghe')
restaurant.describe_restaurant()
restaurant.open_restaurant()


#2.用户：创建一个名为User的类，其中包含属性first_name和last_name，还有用户简介通常会存储的其他几个属性
#在类User中定义一个名为describe_user()的方法，它打印用户信息摘要；再定义一个名为great_user()的方法，它向
#用户发出个性化的问候
#创建多个用户实例，并对每个实例都调用上述两个方法

class User():
    #用户的基本信息
    def __init__(self,first_name,last_name,career,position):
        self.first_name = first_name
        self.last_name = last_name
        self.position = position
        self.career = career
        
    def describe_user(self):
        print("The user's first name is: " + self.first_name)
        print("The user's last name is: " + self.last_name)
        print("His career is: " + self.career)
        print("He lives in: " + self.position)
    
    def great_user(self):
        print("Hello! " + self.last_name.title() + ' ' + self.first_name.title())

user1 = User('ming','li','student','yantai')
user1.describe_user()
user1.great_user()
    
user2 = User('qiong','xiao','teacher','shanghai')
user2.describe_user()
user2.great_user()
 

#1.冰淇淋小店：冰淇淋小店是一种特殊的餐馆。编写一个名为IceCreamStand的类，让它继承
#练习9-4编写的类。添加一个名为flavors的属性，用于存储一个由各种口味的冰淇淋组成的列表
#编写一个显示这些冰淇淋的方法，创建一个IceCreamStand实例，并调用这个方法

class Restaurant():
    #餐馆的基本信息
    def __init__(self,restaurant_name,cuisine_type):
        self.restaurant_name = restaurant_name
        self.cuisine_type = cuisine_type
        self.number_served = 0
        
    def describe_restaurant(self):
        print("The restaurant name:" + self.restaurant_name.title())
        print("The restaurant's cuisine type:" + self.cuisine_type.title())
    
    def set_number_served(self,number):
            self.number_served = number
            print('the restaurant has ' + str(self.number_served) +' in it.')
        
    def increment_number_served(self,add_number):
        for i in range(1,6):
            self.number_served += add_number
            print('Day' + str(i) + ':restauranr has ' + str(self.number_served) + ' in it')
        
    def open_restaurant(self):
        print("The " + self.restaurant_name.title() + " is opening...")

        
class IceCreamStand(Restaurant):
    def __init__(self,restaurant_name,cuisine_type):
        super().__init__(restaurant_name,cuisine_type)
        self.flavors = []
        
    def show_icecream(self):
        self.flavors.append('apple')
        self.flavors.append('banana')
        self.flavors.append('tea')
        print("The kinds of icecream have:",self.flavors)
    

icecream_list = IceCreamStand('百度饮品','饮品')
icecream_list.show_icecream()

#2.管理员：管理员是一种特殊的用户。编写一个名为Admin的类，让它继承9-5编写的User类
#添加一个名为privileges的属性，用于存储一个由字符串(如"can add post","can delete post")等组成的列表。
#编写一个名为show_privileges()的方法，它显示管理员的权限。创建一个Admin实例。
#并调用这个方法

class User():
    #用户的基本信息
    def __init__(self,first_name,last_name):
        self.first_name = first_name
        self.last_name = last_name
        self.login_attempts = 0
        
    def describe_user(self):
        print("The user is : " + self.last_name + ' ' + self.first_name)
        
    def great_user(self):
        print("Hello! " + self.last_name.title() + ' ' + self.first_name.title())

    def increment_login_attempts(self):
        self.login_attempts += 1
            
    def reset_login_attempts(self):
        self.login_attempts = 0
        print("the login number has setd to:" + str(self.login_attempts))
    
class Admin(User):
    def __init__(self,first_name,last_name):
        super().__init__(first_name,last_name)
        self.privileges = []
    
    def show_privileges(self):
        self.privileges.append("can add user")
        self.privileges.append("can ban user")
        self.privileges.append("can delete user")
        print("The Administrator's privileges: ",self.privileges)

administrator = Admin('明','晓')
administrator.show_privileges()


#3.权限：编写一个名为Privileges的类，它只有一个属性——privileges,其中
#存储在2中的字符串列表。将方法show_privileges()移到这个类中。在Admin类中
#将一个Privilege实例用作其属性，创建一个Admin实例，并使用方法show_privileges()来显示其权限

class User():
    #用户的基本信息
    def __init__(self,first_name,last_name):
        self.first_name = first_name
        self.last_name = last_name
        self.login_attempts = 0
        
    def describe_user(self):
        print("The user is : " + self.last_name + ' ' + self.first_name)
        
    def great_user(self):
        print("Hello! " + self.last_name.title() + ' ' + self.first_name.title())

    def increment_login_attempts(self):
        self.login_attempts += 1
            
    def reset_login_attempts(self):
        self.login_attempts = 0
        print("the login number has setd to:" + str(self.login_attempts))
    
class Privilege():
    def __init__(self):
        self.privileges = ["can add user","can ban user","can delete user"]
    
    def show_privileges(self):
        print(self.privileges)
        
class Admin(User):
    def __init__(self,first_name,last_name):
        super().__init__(first_name,last_name)
        self.privileges = Privilege()
        
    def show_privileges(self):
        self.privileges.show_privileges()
        
admin = Admin('ming','xiao')
admin.show_privileges()


#4.电瓶升级：最本节最后一个electric.py版本中，给Battery类添加一个名为upgrade_battery()方法。
#这个方法检查电瓶容量，如果它不是85，就将设为85.创建一辆电瓶容量默认值的电动汽车，调用方法get_range()
#然后对电瓶进行升级，并再次调用get_range()，你会看到这辆汽车的续航里程增加

class Car():
    """docstring for Car"""
    def __init__(self, make,model,year):
        self.make = make
        self.model = model
        self.year = year
        self.odometer_reading = 0
 
    def get_descriptive_name(self):
        long_name = str(self.year) + ' ' + self.make + ' ' + self.model
        return long_name
    #打印里程消息
    def read_odometer(self):
        print("This car has " + str(self.odometer_reading) + " miles on it.")
    #更新里程数
    def update_odometer(self,milegeage):
        if milegeage >= self.odometer_reading:
            self.odometer_reading = milegeage
        else:
            print("You can't roll back an odometer!")
 
    def  increment_odometer(self,miles):
        self.odometer_reading += miles
        
class Battery():
    """docstring for Battery"""
    def __init__(self, battery_size=70):
        self.battery_size = battery_size
        
    def describe_battery(self):
        print("This car has a " + str(self.battery_size) + "-kWh battery")
        
    def upgrade_battery(self):
        if self.battery_size!=85:
            self.battery_size = 85
            
    def get_range(self):
        if self.battery_size == 70:
            range = 240
        elif self.battery_size == 85:
            range = 270
        message = "This car can go approximately " + str(range)
        message += "miles on a full charge."
        print(message)
        self.upgrade_battery()
 
class ElectricCar(Car):
    """docstring for ElectricCar"""
    def __init__(self, make,model,year):
        super().__init__(make,model,year)
        self.battery_size = Battery()
    def describe_battery(self):
        self.battery_size.battery_size()
    def get_range(self):
        self.battery_size.get_range()
 
my_tesla = ElectricCar('tesla','model s',2016)
my_tesla.get_range()
my_tesla.get_range()
#1.导入Restaurant类：将最新的Restaurant类存储在一个模块中。在另一个文件中，
#导入Restaurant类，创建一个Restaurant的实例，并调用Restaurant的一个方法，
#以确认import语句正确无误

#第一种方式
import restaurant
test_restaurant = restaurant.Restaurant('K','comprehention')
test_restaurant.describe_restaurant()

#第二种方式
from restaurant import Restaurant
test = Restaurant('K','mix')
test.describe_restaurant()


#2.导入Admin类：将9-8完成的工作为基础，将User、Privileges和Admin类存储在一个模块中
#再创建一个文件，在其中创建一个Admin实例并对其调用方法show_privileges()，以确认一切都能正常运行

from user1 import Admin

admin = Admin('ming','xiao')
admin.show_privileges()


#3.多个模块：将User类存储在一个模块中，并将Privileges和Admin类存储在另一个模块中
#再创建一个文件夹，在其中创建一个Admin实例，并对其调用方法Show_privileges(),以确认一切能正常运行

from user3 import Admin
admin = Admin('ming','xiao')
admin.show_privileges()



#4.使用OrderedDict:

from collections import OrderedDict

favorite_languages = OrderedDict()

favorite_languages['jen'] = 'python'
favorite_languages['sarah'] = 'C'
favorite_languages['edward'] = 'ruby'
favorite_languages['phil'] = 'java'

for name,language in favorite_languages.items():
    print(name.title() + "'s favorite language is " + language.title() + '.')

#5.骰子：模块random包含以各种方式生成随机数的函数，其中的randint()返回一个位于指定范围内的整数
#创建一个Die类，它包含一个名为sides的属性，该属性的默认值为6.编写一个名为roll_die的方法，它打印位于
#1和骰子面数之间的随机数。创建一个6面的骰子，再掷10次
#再创建一个10面和20面的骰子，并将它们投掷10次
from random import randint

class Die():

    def __init__(self,sides6=6,sides10=10,sides20=20):
        self.sides6 = sides6
        self.sides10 = sides10
        self.sides20 = sides20
        
    def roll_die6(self):
        self.random_number1 = randint(1,self.sides6)
        print(self.random_number1)
        
    def roll_die10(self):
        self.random_number2 = randint(1,self.sides10)
        print(self.random_number2)
        
    def roll_die20(self):
        self.random_number3 = randint(1,self.sides20)
        print(self.random_number3)
        
die_num = Die()
print("6面：")
for i in range(1,11):
    die_num.roll_die6()

print('
10面：')
for i in range(1,11):
    die_num.roll_die10()

print('
20面：')
for i in range(1,11):
    die_num.roll_die20()