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kubernetes集群部署

一：Kubernetes介绍和环境准备

1. 什么是K8S

Kubernetes是一个全新的基于容器技术的分布式架构领先方案，是一个开放的开发平台。不局限于任何一种语言，没有限定任何编程接口。是一个完备的分布式系统支撑平台。它构建在docker之上，提供应用部署、维护、扩展机制等功能，利用Kubernetes能方便地管理跨机器运行容器化的应用。

2. 主要功能

使用Docker对应用程序包装、实例化；
以集群的方式运行、管理跨机器的容器；
解决Docker跨机器容器之间的通讯问题；
Kubernetes的自我修复机制使得容器集群总是运行在用户期望的状态；

3. 组件介绍

　　Kubernetes中的：Node、Pod、Replication Controller、Service等都可以看作一种“资源对象”，几乎所有的资源对象都可以通过kubectl工具（API调用）执行增、删、改、查等操作并将其保存在etcd中持久化存储。

Master：集群控制管理节点，所有的命令都经由master处理。
Node：是kubernetes集群的工作负载节点。Master为其分配工作，当某个Node宕机时，Master会将其工作负载自动转移到其他节点。
Pod：是kubernetes最重要也是最基本的概念。每个Pod都会包含一个 “根容器”，还会包含一个或者多个紧密相连的业务容器。
ETCD：k8s中，所有数据的存储以及操作记录都在etcd中进行存储，一旦故障，可能导致整个集群的瘫痪或者数据丢失。
Label：是一个key=value的键值对，其中key与value由用户自己指定。可以附加到各种资源对象上，一个资源对象可以定义任意数量的Label。
RC：Replication Controller声明某个Pod的副本数在任意时刻都符合某个预期值。定义包含如下：

　　　　　　（1）Pod期待的副本数（replicas）；

　　　　　　（2）用于筛选目标Pod的Label Selector；

　　　　　　（3）当Pod副本数小于期望时，用于新的创建Pod的模板template ；

　　　　　　（4）通过改变RC里的Pod副本数量，可以实现Pod的扩容或缩容功能；

　　　　　　（5）通过改变RC里Pod模板中的镜像版本，可以实现Pod的滚动升级功能；

3.1 master节点

API Server

　　集群控制管理节点，所有的命令都经由master处理，所有资源增删改查的唯一入口。

　　提供集群管理的REST API接口，包括认证授权、数据校验以及集群状态变更等;

　　只有API Server才直接操作etcd;

　　其他模块通过API Server查询或修改数据;

　　提供其他模块之间的数据交互和通信的枢纽;

Scheduler

　　负责分配调度Pod到集群内的node节点；
　　监听kube-apiserver，查询还未分配Node的Pod；
　　根据调度策略为这些Pod分配节点；

Controller Manager

　　所有其他群集级别的功能，目前由控制器Manager执行。资源对象的自动化控制中心；

　　由一系列的控制器组成，它通过apiserver监控整个集群的状态，并确保集群处于预期的工作状态;

ETCD

　　所有持久化的状态信息存储在ETCD中。

3.2 node节点

　　默认情况下，Node节点可动态增加到kubernetes集群中，一旦Node被纳入集群管理范围，kubelet会定时向Master汇报自身的情况，以及之前有哪些Pod在运行等，这样Master可以获知每个Node的资源使用情况，并实现高效均衡的资源调度策略。如果Node没有按时上报信息，则会被Master判断为失联，Node状态会被标记为Not Ready，随后Master会触发工作负载转移流程。

Kubelet

　　管理Pods以及容器、镜像、 Volume等，实现对集群对节点的管理。

Kube-proxy

　　提供网络代理以及负载均衡，实现与Service通信。

Docker Engine

　　负责节点的容器的管理工作。

4. 实验环境准备

4.1 规划

本次实验是基于2个node+1个master，每个节点都跑一个ETCD。 1. 操作系统 CentOS-7.x-x86_64。 2. 关闭 iptables 和 SELinux。 3. 所有节点的主机名和 IP 地址，使用/etc/hosts 做好主机名解析。
主机名	IP地址（NAT）	CPU	内存	描述
k8s-master	eth0 : 10.0.0.25	1VCPU	2G	Kubernets Master节点/Etcd节点
k8s-node-1	eth0 : 10.0.0.26	1VCPU	2G	Kubernets Node节点/ Etcd节点
k8s-node-1	eth0 : 10.0.0.27	1VCPU	2G	Kubernets Node节点/ Etcd节点

4.2 网络设置

4.3 配置静态IP地址

#将 UUID 和 MAC 地址已经其它配置删除掉，3个节点除了IP和主机名不同其他相同。
[root@k8s-master ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=static
NAME=eth0
DEVICE=eth0
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=10.0.0.25
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=10.0.0.254
DNS=223.5.5.5

#重启网络服务
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl restart network

#设置 DNS 解析
[root@k8s-master ~]# vi /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 223.5.5.5

4.4 关闭selinux、防火墙

setenforce 0
sed -i 's#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#' /etc/selinux/config
systemctl disable firewalld.service
systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl stop NetworkManager
systemctl disable NetworkManager

4.5 设置主机名解析

3个节点都做

#3个节点都一样
[root@k8s-master ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
10.0.0.25   k8s-master
10.0.0.26   k8s-node-1
10.0.0.27   k8s-node-2

4.6 配置epel源

3个节点都做

rpm -ivh http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
#下载常用命令
yum install -y net-tools vim lrzsz tree screen lsof tcpdump nc mtr nmap

#保证能上网
[root@k8s-master ~]# ping www.baidu.com -c3
PING www.a.shifen.com (61.135.169.121) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 61.135.169.121: icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=5.41 ms
64 bytes from 61.135.169.121: icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=6.55 ms
64 bytes from 61.135.169.121: icmp_seq=3 ttl=128 time=8.97 ms

--- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2023ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 5.418/6.981/8.974/1.486 ms

4.7 配置免秘钥登录

只在master节点做

[root@k8s-master ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): 
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
b1:a0:5b:02:57:0e:8f:1e:25:bf:46:1f:d1:f3:24:c4 root@k8s-master
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
|    o o .+.      |
|     X   .E .    |
|  . + * o  =     |
|   + + + +  .    |
|    + + S        |
|     =           |
|    .            |
|                 |
|                 |
+-----------------+
[root@k8s-master ~]# ssh-copy-id k8s-master
The authenticity of host 'k8s-master (10.0.0.25)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is 75:5c:83:a1:b4:cc:bf:28:71:a5:d5:d1:94:35:3c:9a.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@k8s-master's password: 

Number of key(s) added: 1

Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh 'k8s-master'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.

[root@k8s-master ~]# ssh-copy-id k8s-node-1
The authenticity of host 'k8s-node-1 (10.0.0.26)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is 75:5c:83:a1:b4:cc:bf:28:71:a5:d5:d1:94:35:3c:9a.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@k8s-node-1's password: 

Number of key(s) added: 1

Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh 'k8s-node-1'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.

[root@k8s-master ~]# ssh-copy-id k8s-node-2
The authenticity of host 'k8s-node-2 (10.0.0.27)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is 75:5c:83:a1:b4:cc:bf:28:71:a5:d5:d1:94:35:3c:9a.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@k8s-node-2's password: 

Number of key(s) added: 1

Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh 'k8s-node-2'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.

二：Kubernetes集群初始化

1. 安装Docker

3个节点都做

#第一步：使用国内Docker源
[root@k8s-master ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@k8s-master yum.repos.d]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
#第二步：Docker安装：
[root@k8s-master ~]# yum install -y docker-ce
#第三步：启动后台进程：
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start docker
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable docker

2. 准备部署目录

3个节点都做

[root@k8s-master ~]# mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{cfg,bin,ssl,log}
[root@k8s-master ~]# tree -L 1 /opt/kubernetes/
/opt/kubernetes/
├── bin
├── cfg
├── log
└── ssl

3. 准备软件包

百度网盘下载地址：

链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1kUNV7t8SSF_yuP_WDaXj5g

密码: wexh

4. 解压软件包

master节点做

#将下载软件包上传到/usr/local/src/
[root@k8s-master ~]# ll /usr/local/src/
总用量 579812
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 593725046 6月   2 13:27 k8s-v1.10.1-manual.zip
#解压
cd /usr/local/src/
unzip k8s-v1.10.1-manual.zip
cd /usr/local/src/k8s-v1.10.1-manual/k8s-v1.10.1
tar zxf kubernetes.tar.gz 
tar zxf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz 
tar zxf kubernetes-client-linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar zxf kubernetes-node-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mv ./* /usr/local/src/

5. 修改环境变量

3个节点都做

[root@k8s-master ~]# sed -i 's#PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin#PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/opt/kubernetes/bin#g' /root/.bash_profile 
[root@k8s-master ~]# source /root/.bash_profile

6. 手动制作CA证书

6.1 安装 CFSSL

master节点做

[root@k8s-master ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@k8s-master src]# wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
[root@k8s-master src]# wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64
[root@k8s-master src]# wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
[root@k8s-master src]# chmod +x cfssl*
[root@k8s-master src]# mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /opt/kubernetes/bin/cfssl-certinfo
[root@k8s-master src]# mv cfssljson_linux-amd64  /opt/kubernetes/bin/cfssljson
[root@k8s-master src]# mv cfssl_linux-amd64  /opt/kubernetes/bin/cfssl
#复制cfssl命令文件到k8s-node1和k8s-node2节点。如果实际中多个节点，就都需要同步复制。
[root@k8s-master src]# scp /opt/kubernetes/bin/cfssl* 10.0.0.26: /opt/kubernetes/bin
[root@k8s-master src]# scp /opt/kubernetes/bin/cfssl* 10.0.0.27: /opt/kubernetes/bin

6.2 初始化CFSSL

master节点做

[root@k8s-master src]# mkdir ssl && cd ssl
[root@k8s-master ssl]# cfssl print-defaults config > config.json
[root@k8s-master ssl]# cfssl print-defaults csr > csr.json

6.3 创建用来生成 CA 文件的 JSON 配置文件

master节点做

[root@k8s-master ssl]# cd /usr/local/src/ssl
[root@k8s-master ssl]# vim ca-config.json
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "8760h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "kubernetes": {
        "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ],
        "expiry": "8760h"
      }
    }
  }
}

6.4 创建用来生成 CA 证书签名请求（CSR）的 JSON 配置文件

master节点做

[root@k8s-master ssl]# cd /usr/local/src/ssl
[root@k8s-master ssl]# vim ca-csr.json
{
  "CN": "kubernetes",
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}

6.5 生成CA证书（ca.pem）和密钥（ca-key.pem）

master节点做

[root@k8s-master ssl]# cd /usr/local/src/ssl
[root@k8s-master ssl]# cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca
[root@k8s-master ssl]#  ls -l ca*
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  290 6月   2 15:58 ca-config.json
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1001 6月   2 15:58 ca.csr
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  208 6月   2 15:58 ca-csr.json
-rw------- 1 root root 1675 6月   2 15:58 ca-key.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1359 6月   2 15:58 ca.pem

6.6 分发证书

master节点做

[root@k8s-master ssl]# cp ca.csr ca.pem ca-key.pem ca-config.json /opt/kubernetes/ssl
[root@k8s-master ssl]# scp ca.csr ca.pem ca-key.pem ca-config.json 10.0.0.26:/opt/kubernetes/ssl 
[root@k8s-master ssl]# scp ca.csr ca.pem ca-key.pem ca-config.json 10.0.0.27:/opt/kubernetes/ssl

7. ETCD集群部署

7.1 准备etcd软件包

master节点做

[root@k8s-master ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@k8s-master src]# wget https://github.com/coreos/etcd/releases/download/v3.2.18/etcd-v3.2.18-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@k8s-master src]# tar zxf etcd-v3.2.18-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@k8s-master src]# cd etcd-v3.2.18-linux-amd64
[root@k8s-master etcd-v3.2.18-linux-amd64]# cp etcd etcdctl /opt/kubernetes/bin/ 
[root@k8s-master etcd-v3.2.18-linux-amd64]# scp etcd etcdctl 10.0.0.26:/opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@k8s-master etcd-v3.2.18-linux-amd64]# scp etcd etcdctl 10.0.0.27:/opt/kubernetes/bin/

7.2 创建 etcd 证书签名请求

master节点做

[root@k8s-master ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ssl/
[root@k8s-master ssl]# vim etcd-csr.json
{
  "CN": "etcd",
  "hosts": [
    "127.0.0.1",
"10.0.0.25",
"10.0.0.26",
"10.0.0.27"
  ],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}

7.4 生成 etcd 证书和私钥

master节点做

[root@k8s-master ssl]# cd /usr/local/src/ssl/
[root@k8s-master ssl]# cfssl gencert -ca=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
  -ca-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem 
  -config=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-config.json 
  -profile=kubernetes etcd-csr.json | cfssljson -bare etcd
#生成以下证书文件
[root@k8s-master ssl]#  ls -l etcd*
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1062 6月   3 10:48 etcd.csr
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  275 6月   3 10:45 etcd-csr.json
-rw------- 1 root root 1675 6月   3 10:48 etcd-key.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1436 6月   3 10:48 etcd.pem
[root@k8s-master ssl]#

7.4 证书移动到/opt/kubernetes/ssl目录下

master节点做

[root@k8s-master ssl]# cp etcd*.pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl
[root@k8s-master ssl]# scp etcd*.pem 10.0.0.26:/opt/kubernetes/ssl 
[root@k8s-master ssl]# scp etcd*.pem 10.0.0.27:/opt/kubernetes/ssl

7.5 设置ETCD配置文件

master节点配置文件

[root@k8s-master ~]#  vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/etcd.conf
#[member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-master"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
#ETCD_SNAPSHOT_COUNTER="10000"
#ETCD_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL="100"
#ETCD_ELECTION_TIMEOUT="1000"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://10.0.0.25:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://10.0.0.25:2379,https://127.0.0.1:2379"
#ETCD_MAX_SNAPSHOTS="5"
#ETCD_MAX_WALS="5"
#ETCD_CORS=""
#[cluster]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://10.0.0.25:2380"
# if you use different ETCD_NAME (e.g. test),
# set ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER value for this name, i.e. "test=http://..."
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-master=https://10.0.0.25:2380,etcd-node1=https://10.0.0.26:2380,etcd-node2=https://10.0.0.27:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="k8s-etcd-cluster"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://10.0.0.25:2379"
#[security]
CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="true"
ETCD_CA_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem"
ETCD_CERT_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd.pem"
ETCD_KEY_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd-key.pem"
PEER_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="true"
ETCD_PEER_CA_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem"
ETCD_PEER_CERT_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd.pem"
ETCD_PEER_KEY_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd-key.pem"

node1节点配置文件

[root@k8s-node-1 ~]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/etcd.conf
#[member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-node1"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
#ETCD_SNAPSHOT_COUNTER="10000"
#ETCD_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL="100"
#ETCD_ELECTION_TIMEOUT="1000"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://10.0.0.26:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://10.0.0.26:2379,https://127.0.0.1:2379"
#ETCD_MAX_SNAPSHOTS="5"
#ETCD_MAX_WALS="5"
#ETCD_CORS=""
#[cluster]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://10.0.0.26:2380"
# if you use different ETCD_NAME (e.g. test),
# set ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER value for this name, i.e. "test=http://..."
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-master=https://10.0.0.25:2380,etcd-node1=https://10.0.0.26:2380,etcd-node2=https://10.0.0.27:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="k8s-etcd-cluster"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://10.0.0.26:2379"
#[security]
CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="true"
ETCD_CA_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem"
ETCD_CERT_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd.pem"
ETCD_KEY_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd-key.pem"
PEER_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="true"
ETCD_PEER_CA_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem"
ETCD_PEER_CERT_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd.pem"
ETCD_PEER_KEY_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd-key.pem"

node2节点配置文件

[root@k8s-node-2 ~]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/etcd.conf
#[member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-node2"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
#ETCD_SNAPSHOT_COUNTER="10000"
#ETCD_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL="100"
#ETCD_ELECTION_TIMEOUT="1000"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://10.0.0.27:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://10.0.0.27:2379,https://127.0.0.1:2379"
#ETCD_MAX_SNAPSHOTS="5"
#ETCD_MAX_WALS="5"
#ETCD_CORS=""
#[cluster]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://10.0.0.27:2380"
# if you use different ETCD_NAME (e.g. test),
# set ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER value for this name, i.e. "test=http://..."
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-master=https://10.0.0.25:2380,etcd-node1=https://10.0.0.26:2380,etcd-node2=https://10.0.0.27:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="k8s-etcd-cluster"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://10.0.0.27:2379"
#[security]
CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="true"
ETCD_CA_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem"
ETCD_CERT_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd.pem"
ETCD_KEY_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd-key.pem"
PEER_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="true"
ETCD_PEER_CA_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem"
ETCD_PEER_CERT_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd.pem"
ETCD_PEER_KEY_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd-key.pem"

7.6 创建ETCD系统服务

master节点做

[root@k8s-master ~]# vim /etc/systemd/system/etcd.service
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/etcd
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/etcd.conf
# set GOMAXPROCS to number of processors
ExecStart=/bin/bash -c "GOMAXPROCS=$(nproc) /opt/kubernetes/bin/etcd"
Type=notify

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[root@k8s-master ~]# scp /etc/systemd/system/etcd.service 10.0.0.26:/etc/systemd/system/
[root@k8s-master ~]# scp /etc/systemd/system/etcd.service 10.0.0.27:/etc/systemd/system/

7.7 重新加载系统服务

3个节点都做

systemctl daemon-reload
mkdir /var/lib/etcd
systemctl enable etcd
systemctl start etcd
systemctl status etcd

7.8 验证集群

master节点做

[root@k8s-master ~]# etcdctl --endpoints=https://10.0.0.25:2379 
  --ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
  --cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd.pem 
  --key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd-key.pem cluster-health

如下图所示证明ETCD集群部署成功

三：Kubernetes的master节点部署

1. 部署API server服务

1.1 准备软件包

master节点做

因为K8S是用二进制文件构写的所以不需要编译，只需要拷贝文件就行。

[root@k8s-master ~]# cd /usr/local/src/kubernetes
[root@k8s-master kubernetes]# cp server/bin/kube-apiserver /opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@k8s-master kubernetes]# cp server/bin/kube-controller-manager /opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@k8s-master kubernetes]# cp server/bin/kube-scheduler /opt/kubernetes/bin/

1.2 创建生成CSR的 JSON 配置文件

master节点做

[root@k8s-master src]# cd /usr/local/src/ssl/
[root@k8s-master ssl]# vim kubernetes-csr.json
{
  "CN": "kubernetes",
  "hosts": [
    "127.0.0.1",
    "10.0.0.25",
    "10.1.0.1",
    "kubernetes",
    "kubernetes.default",
    "kubernetes.default.svc",
    "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
    "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
  ],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}

1.3 生成 kubernetes 证书和私钥

master节点做

[root@k8s-master ssl]# cfssl gencert -ca=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
   -ca-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem 
   -config=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-config.json 
   -profile=kubernetes kubernetes-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kubernetes
[root@k8s-master ssl]# cp kubernetes*.pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@k8s-master ssl]# scp kubernetes*.pem 10.0.0.26:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@k8s-master ssl]# scp kubernetes*.pem 10.0.0.27:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/

1.4 创建 kube-apiserver 使用的客户端 token 文件

master节点做

[root@k8s-master ~]#  head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '
841276913ac026513f75d267f0fc5212
[root@k8s-master ~]# vim /opt/kubernetes/ssl/bootstrap-token.csv
841276913ac026513f75d267f0fc5212,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"  #根据上面自己生成的填写

1.5 创建基础用户名/密码认证配置

master节点做

[root@k8s-master ~]#  vim /opt/kubernetes/ssl/basic-auth.csv
admin,admin,1
readonly,readonly,2

1.6 部署Kubernetes API Server

master节点做

[root@k8s-master ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver 
  --admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction 
  --bind-address=10.0.0.25 
  --insecure-bind-address=127.0.0.1 
  --authorization-mode=Node,RBAC 
  --runtime-config=rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 
  --kubelet-https=true 
  --anonymous-auth=false 
  --basic-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/basic-auth.csv 
  --enable-bootstrap-token-auth 
  --token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/bootstrap-token.csv 
  --service-cluster-ip-range=10.1.0.0/16 
  --service-node-port-range=20000-40000 
  --tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem 
  --tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem 
  --client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
  --service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem 
  --etcd-cafile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
  --etcd-certfile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem 
  --etcd-keyfile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem 
  --etcd-servers=https://10.0.0.25:2379,https://10.0.0.26:2379,https://10.0.0.27:2379 
  --enable-swagger-ui=true 
  --allow-privileged=true 
  --audit-log-maxage=30 
  --audit-log-maxbackup=3 
  --audit-log-maxsize=100 
  --audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/log/api-audit.log 
  --event-ttl=1h 
  --v=2 
  --logtostderr=false 
  --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/log
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
Type=notify
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

1.7 启动APIserver

master节点做

[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable kube-apiserver
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start kube-apiserver
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl status kube-apiserver

2. 部署Controller Manager服务

master节点做

[root@k8s-master ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes

[Service]
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager 
  --address=127.0.0.1 
  --master=http://127.0.0.1:8080 
  --allocate-node-cidrs=true 
  --service-cluster-ip-range=10.1.0.0/16 
  --cluster-cidr=10.2.0.0/16 
  --cluster-name=kubernetes 
  --cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
  --cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem 
  --service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem 
  --root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
  --leader-elect=true 
  --v=2 
  --logtostderr=false 
  --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/log

Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

###启动Controller Manager
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start kube-controller-manager
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl status kube-controller-manager

3. 部署Kubernetes Scheduler服务

master节点上做

[root@k8s-master ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes

[Service]
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler 
  --address=127.0.0.1 
  --master=http://127.0.0.1:8080 
  --leader-elect=true 
  --v=2 
  --logtostderr=false 
  --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/log

Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

###启动scheduler服务
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable kube-scheduler
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start kube-scheduler
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl status kube-scheduler

4. 部署kubectl 命令行工具

master节点做

###准备二进制命令包
[root@k8s-master ~]# cd /usr/local/src/kubernetes/client/bin
[root@k8s-master bin]# cp kubectl /opt/kubernetes/bin/

###创建 admin 证书签名请求
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ssl/
[root@linux-node1 ssl]# vim admin-csr.json
{
  "CN": "admin",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "O": "system:masters",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}

###生成 admin 证书和私钥
[root@k8s-master ssl]# cd /usr/local/src/ssl/
[root@k8s-master ssl]# cfssl gencert -ca=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem    -ca-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem    -config=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-config.json    -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin
[root@k8s-master ssl]# mv admin*.pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/

###设置集群参数
[root@k8s-master ssl]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes 
   --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
   --embed-certs=true 
   --server=https://10.0.0.25:6443

###设置客户端认证参数
[root@k8s-master ssl]# kubectl config set-credentials admin 
   --client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/admin.pem 
   --embed-certs=true 
   --client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/admin-key.pem

###设置上下文参数
[root@k8s-master ssl]# kubectl config set-context kubernetes 
   --cluster=kubernetes 
   --user=admin

###使用kubectl工具
[root@k8s-master ~]# ll /root/.kube/config 
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get cs

如下图所示证明master节点部署成功

四：Kubernetes的node节点部署

1. kubelet部署

master节点做

###二进制包准备
[root@k8s-master ~]# cd /usr/local/src/kubernetes/server/bin/
[root@k8s-master bin]# cp kubelet kube-proxy /opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@k8s-master bin]# scp kubelet kube-proxy 10.0.0.26:/opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@k8s-master bin]# scp kubelet kube-proxy 10.0.0.27:/opt/kubernetes/bin/

###创建角色绑定
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper --user=kubelet-bootstrap

###设置集群参数
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes
--certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem
--embed-certs=true
--server=https://10.0.0.25:6443
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

###设置客户端认证参数
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl config set-credentials kubelet-bootstrap
--token=30e6006d17ccc1ef829d26d1323cc7d6
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

###设置上下文参数
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl config set-context default
--cluster=kubernetes
--user=kubelet-bootstrap
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

###选择默认上下文
[root@k8s-master ssl]# kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
[root@k8s-master ssl]# cp bootstrap.kubeconfig /opt/kubernetes/cfg
[root@k8s-master ssl]# scp bootstrap.kubeconfig 10.0.0.26:/opt/kubernetes/cfg  
[root@k8s-master ssl]# scp bootstrap.kubeconfig 10.0.0.27:/opt/kubernetes/cfg

###设置CNI支持   3个节点都创建
mkdir -p /etc/cni/net.d
vim /etc/cni/net.d/10-default.conf
{
        "name": "flannel",
        "type": "flannel",
        "delegate": {
            "bridge": "docker0",
            "isDefaultGateway": true,
            "mtu": 1400
        }
}
[root@k8s-master ~]# scp /etc/cni/net.d/10-default.conf 10.0.0.26:/etc/cni/net.d/10-default.conf 
[root@k8s-master ~]# scp /etc/cni/net.d/10-default.conf 10.0.0.27:/etc/cni/net.d/10-default.conf

###创建kubelet目录  #3个节点都创建
mkdir /var/lib/kubelet

###master节点配置文件
[root@k8s-master ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service

[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kubelet
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet 
  --address=10.0.0.25 
  --hostname-override=10.0.0.25 
  --pod-infra-container-image=mirrorgooglecontainers/pause-amd64:3.0 
  --experimental-bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig 
  --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig 
  --cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl 
  --network-plugin=cni 
  --cni-conf-dir=/etc/cni/net.d 
  --cni-bin-dir=/opt/kubernetes/bin/cni 
  --cluster-dns=10.1.0.2 
  --cluster-domain=cluster.local. 
  --hairpin-mode hairpin-veth 
  --allow-privileged=true 
  --fail-swap-on=false 
  --logtostderr=true 
  --v=2 
  --logtostderr=false 
  --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/log
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5

###node1节点配置文件
[root@k8s-node-1 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service

[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kubelet
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet 
  --address=10.0.0.26 
  --hostname-override=10.0.0.26 
  --pod-infra-container-image=mirrorgooglecontainers/pause-amd64:3.0 
  --experimental-bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig 
  --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig 
  --cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl 
  --network-plugin=cni 
  --cni-conf-dir=/etc/cni/net.d 
  --cni-bin-dir=/opt/kubernetes/bin/cni 
  --cluster-dns=10.1.0.2 
  --cluster-domain=cluster.local. 
  --hairpin-mode hairpin-veth 
  --allow-privileged=true 
  --fail-swap-on=false 
  --logtostderr=true 
  --v=2 
  --logtostderr=false 
  --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/log
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5

###node2节点配置文件
[root@k8s-node-2 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service

[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kubelet
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet 
  --address=10.0.0.27 
  --hostname-override=10.0.0.27 
  --pod-infra-container-image=mirrorgooglecontainers/pause-amd64:3.0 
  --experimental-bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig 
  --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig 
  --cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl 
  --network-plugin=cni 
  --cni-conf-dir=/etc/cni/net.d 
  --cni-bin-dir=/opt/kubernetes/bin/cni 
  --cluster-dns=10.1.0.2 
  --cluster-domain=cluster.local. 
  --hairpin-mode hairpin-veth 
  --allow-privileged=true 
  --fail-swap-on=false 
  --logtostderr=true 
  --v=2 
  --logtostderr=false 
  --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/log
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5

###启动Kubelet   #3个节点都做
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kubelet
systemctl start kubelet
systemctl status kubelet

###查看csr请求
kubectl get csr

###批准kubelet的TLS证书请求
kubectl get csr|grep 'Pending' | awk 'NR>0{print $1}'| xargs kubectl certificate approve

###查看节点状态

kubectl get node

2. kube-proxy部署

###配置kube-proxy使用LVS
[root@k8s-master ~]#  yum install -y ipvsadm ipset conntrack
[root@k8s-node-1 ~]#  yum install -y ipvsadm ipset conntrack
[root@k8s-node-2 ~]#  yum install -y ipvsadm ipset conntrack

###创建 kube-proxy 证书请求
[root@k8s-master ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ssl/
[root@k8s-master ssl]# vim kube-proxy-csr.json
{
  "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}

   
###生成证书
[root@k8s-master ssl]# cfssl gencert -ca=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
   -ca-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem 
   -config=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-config.json 
   -profile=kubernetes  kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy

###分发证书到所有节点
[root@k8s-master ssl]# cp kube-proxy*.pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@k8s-master ssl]# scp kube-proxy*.pem 10.0.0.26:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@k8s-master ssl]# scp kube-proxy*.pem 10.0.0.27:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/

###创建kube-proxy配置文件  #master节点做
[root@k8s-master ssl]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes 
   --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
   --embed-certs=true 
   --server=https://10.0.0.25:6443 
   --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
[root@k8s-master ssl]# kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy 
   --client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kube-proxy.pem 
   --client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kube-proxy-key.pem 
   --embed-certs=true 
   --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
[root@k8s-master ssl]# kubectl config set-context default 
   --cluster=kubernetes 
   --user=kube-proxy 
   --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
[root@k8s-master ssl]# kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
[root@k8s-master ssl]# cp kube-proxy.kubeconfig /opt/kubernetes/cfg/
[root@k8s-master ssl]# scp kube-proxy.kubeconfig 10.0.0.26:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/
[root@k8s-master ssl]# scp kube-proxy.kubeconfig 10.0.0.27:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/

###创建kube-proxy服务配置    #3个节点都创建
[root@k8s-master ssl]# mkdir /var/lib/kube-proxy
[root@k8s-node-1 ~]# mkdir /var/lib/kube-proxy
[root@k8s-node-2 ~]# mkdir /var/lib/kube-proxy
##master节点
[root@k8s-master ssl]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kube-Proxy Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kube-proxy
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy 
  --bind-address=10.0.0.25 
  --hostname-override=10.0.0.25 
  --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig 
--masquerade-all 
  --feature-gates=SupportIPVSProxyMode=true 
  --proxy-mode=ipvs 
  --ipvs-min-sync-period=5s 
  --ipvs-sync-period=5s 
  --ipvs-scheduler=rr 
  --logtostderr=true 
  --v=2 
  --logtostderr=false 
  --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/log

Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
##node1节点
[root@k8s-node-1 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kube-Proxy Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kube-proxy
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy 
  --bind-address=10.0.0.26 
  --hostname-override=10.0.0.26 
  --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig 
--masquerade-all 
  --feature-gates=SupportIPVSProxyMode=true 
  --proxy-mode=ipvs 
  --ipvs-min-sync-period=5s 
  --ipvs-sync-period=5s 
  --ipvs-scheduler=rr 
  --logtostderr=true 
  --v=2 
  --logtostderr=false 
  --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/log

Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
##node2节点
[root@k8s-node-2 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kube-Proxy Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kube-proxy
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy 
  --bind-address=10.0.0.27 
  --hostname-override=10.0.0.27 
  --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig 
--masquerade-all 
  --feature-gates=SupportIPVSProxyMode=true 
  --proxy-mode=ipvs 
  --ipvs-min-sync-period=5s 
  --ipvs-sync-period=5s 
  --ipvs-scheduler=rr 
  --logtostderr=true 
  --v=2 
  --logtostderr=false 
  --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/log

Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

###启动Kubernetes Proxy    #3个节点都做
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-proxy
systemctl start kube-proxy
systemctl status kube-proxy

检查LVS状态
ipvsadm -L -n
kubectl get node

五：Flannel网络部署

1. 部署Flanne

###为Flannel生成证书
[root@k8s-master ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ssl/
[root@k8s-master ~]# vim flanneld-csr.json
{
  "CN": "flanneld",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}

###生成证书
[root@k8s-master ~]# cfssl gencert -ca=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
   -ca-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem 
   -config=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-config.json 
   -profile=kubernetes flanneld-csr.json | cfssljson -bare flanneld

###分发证书
[root@k8s-master ssl]# cp flanneld*.pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@k8s-master ssl]# scp flanneld*.pem 10.0.0.26:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@k8s-master ssl]# scp flanneld*.pem 10.0.0.27:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/

###下载Flannel软件包
[root@k8s-master ~]# cd /usr/local/src
wget https://github.com/coreos/flannel/releases/download/v0.10.0/flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@k8s-master src]# tar zxf flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@k8s-master src]# cp flanneld mk-docker-opts.sh /opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@k8s-master src]# scp flanneld mk-docker-opts.sh 10.0.0.26:/opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@k8s-master src]# scp flanneld mk-docker-opts.sh 10.0.0.27:/opt/kubernetes/bin/

###复制对应脚本到/opt/kubernetes/bin目录
[root@k8s-master  ~]# cd /usr/local/src/kubernetes/cluster/centos/node/bin/
[root@k8s-master bin]# cp remove-docker0.sh /opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@k8s-master bin]# scp remove-docker0.sh 10.0.0.26:/opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@k8s-master bin]# scp remove-docker0.sh 10.0.0.27:/opt/kubernetes/bin/

###配置Flannel
[root@k8s-master  ~]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/flannel
FLANNEL_ETCD="-etcd-endpoints=https://10.0.0.25:2379,https://10.0.0.26:2379,https://10.0.0.27:2379"
FLANNEL_ETCD_KEY="-etcd-prefix=/kubernetes/network"
FLANNEL_ETCD_CAFILE="--etcd-cafile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem"
FLANNEL_ETCD_CERTFILE="--etcd-certfile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/flanneld.pem"
FLANNEL_ETCD_KEYFILE="--etcd-keyfile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/flanneld-key.pem"
##复制配置到其它节点上
[root@k8s-master  ~]# scp /opt/kubernetes/cfg/flannel 10.0.0.26:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/
[root@k8s-master  ~]# scp /opt/kubernetes/cfg/flannel 10.0.0.27:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/

###设置Flannel系统服务
[root@k8s-master  ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/flannel.service
[Unit]
Description=Flanneld overlay address etcd agent
After=network.target
Before=docker.service

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/flannel
ExecStartPre=/opt/kubernetes/bin/remove-docker0.sh
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/flanneld ${FLANNEL_ETCD} ${FLANNEL_ETCD_KEY} ${FLANNEL_ETCD_CAFILE} ${FLANNEL_ETCD_CERTFILE} ${FLANNEL_ETCD_KEYFILE}
ExecStartPost=/opt/kubernetes/bin/mk-docker-opts.sh -d /run/flannel/docker

Type=notify

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
RequiredBy=docker.service
##复制系统服务脚本到其它节点上
[root@k8s-master  ~]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/flannel.service 10.0.0.26:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@k8s-master  ~]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/flannel.service 10.0.0.27:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

###下载Flannel CNI集成插件
[root@k8s-master  ~]# mkdir /opt/kubernetes/bin/cni   #3个节点都要创建
[root@k8s-master ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@k8s-master src]# wget https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v0.7.1/cni-plugins-amd64-v0.7.1.tgz
[root@k8s-master src]# tar zxf cni-plugins-amd64-v0.7.1.tgz -C /opt/kubernetes/bin/cni
[root@k8s-master src]# scp -r /opt/kubernetes/bin/cni/* 10.0.0.26:/opt/kubernetes/bin/cni/
[root@k8s-master src]# scp -r /opt/kubernetes/bin/cni/* 10.0.0.27:/opt/kubernetes/bin/cni/

###创建Etcd的key
[root@k8s-master  ~]# /opt/kubernetes/bin/etcdctl --ca-file /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --cert-file /opt/kubernetes/ssl/flanneld.pem --key-file /opt/kubernetes/ssl/flanneld-key.pem 
      --no-sync -C https://10.0.0.25:2379,https://10.0.0.26:2379,https://10.0.0.27:2379 
mk /kubernetes/network/config '{ "Network": "10.2.0.0/16", "Backend": { "Type": "vxlan", "VNI": 1 }}' >/dev/null 2>&1

###启动flannel   #3个节点都做
chmod +x /opt/kubernetes/bin/*
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable flannel
systemctl start flannel
systemctl status flannel

###配置Docker使用Flannel
[root@k8s-master  ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service
#在Unit下面修改After和增加Requires
[Unit]   
After=network-online.target firewalld.service flannel.service
Requires=flannel.service

#增加EnvironmentFile=-/run/flannel/docker和$DOCKER_OPTS
[Service]  
EnvironmentFile=-/run/flannel/docker
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd $DOCKER_OPTS

###将配置复制到另外两个阶段
[root@k8s-master  ~]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service 10.0.0.26:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@k8s-master  ~]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service 10.0.0.27:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

###重启Docker    #3个节点都做
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker

2. 创建一个K8S应用

###创建一个测试用的deployment
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl run net-test --image=alpine --replicas=2 sleep 360000

###查看获取IP情况
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME                        READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE       IP          NODE
net-test-5767cb94df-7kqhz   1/1       Running   0          30m       10.2.93.2   10.0.0.27
net-test-5767cb94df-xw6r9   1/1       Running   0          30m       10.2.58.2   10.0.0.25

###测试联通性
[root@k8s-master ~]# ping 10.2.58.2 -c1

如下图所示说明成功：

###创建nginx的deployment.yaml文件
[root@k8s-master ~]# vim nginx-deployment.yaml 
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-deployment
  labels:
    app: nginx
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: nginx:1.10.3
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80

###创建deployment        
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl create -f nginx-deployment.yaml 
deployment.apps "nginx-deployment" created

###查看deployment
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get deployment
NAME               DESIRED   CURRENT   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
net-test           2         2         2            2           43m
nginx-deployment   3         3         3            0           53s
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl describe deployment nginx-deployment

###查看pod
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get pod
NAME                                READY     STATUS              RESTARTS   AGE
net-test-5767cb94df-7kqhz           1/1       Running             0          45m
net-test-5767cb94df-xw6r9           1/1       Running             0          45m
nginx-deployment-75d56bb955-8tzh6   0/1       ContainerCreating   0          2m      #ContainerCreating说明正在创建中
nginx-deployment-75d56bb955-bjmg7   0/1       ContainerCreating   0          2m      #ContainerCreating说明正在创建中
nginx-deployment-75d56bb955-w4dks   0/1       ContainerCreating   0          2m      #ContainerCreating说明正在创建中

[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl describe pod nginx-deployment-75d56bb955-8tzh6|tail -2
  Normal  SuccessfulMountVolume  5m    kubelet, 10.0.0.27  MountVolume.SetUp succeeded for volume "default-token-rpdp6"
  Normal  Pulling                5m    kubelet, 10.0.0.27  pulling image "nginx:1.10.3"         #正在pull取nginx的镜像

[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME                                READY     STATUS              RESTARTS   AGE       IP          NODE
net-test-5767cb94df-7kqhz           1/1       Running             0          49m       10.2.93.2   10.0.0.27
net-test-5767cb94df-xw6r9           1/1       Running             0          49m       10.2.58.2   10.0.0.25
nginx-deployment-75d56bb955-8tzh6   0/1       ContainerCreating   0          6m        <none>      10.0.0.27
nginx-deployment-75d56bb955-bjmg7   0/1       ContainerCreating   0          6m        <none>      10.0.0.26
nginx-deployment-75d56bb955-w4dks   0/1       ContainerCreating   0          6m        <none>      10.0.0.25


[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME                                READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE       IP          NODE
net-test-5767cb94df-7kqhz           1/1       Running   0          1h        10.2.93.2   10.0.0.27
net-test-5767cb94df-xw6r9           1/1       Running   0          1h        10.2.58.2   10.0.0.25
nginx-deployment-75d56bb955-8tzh6   1/1       Running   0          21m       10.2.93.3   10.0.0.27
nginx-deployment-75d56bb955-bjmg7   1/1       Running   0          21m       10.2.83.2   10.0.0.26
nginx-deployment-75d56bb955-w4dks   1/1       Running   0          21m       10.2.58.3   10.0.0.25

###测试连通性
[root@k8s-master ~]# curl -I 10.2.93.3  -s|awk 'NR==1{print$2}'
200
[root@k8s-master ~]# curl -I 10.2.83.2  -s|awk 'NR==1{print$2}'
200
[root@k8s-master ~]# curl -I 10.2.58.3  -s|awk 'NR==1{print$2}'
200

###更新deployment
#--record是记录日志，方便回滚
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl set image deployment/nginx-deployment nginx=nginx:1.12.2 --record
deployment.apps "nginx-deployment" image updated


###查看更新后的deployment
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get deployment -o wide
NAME               DESIRED   CURRENT   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE       CONTAINERS   IMAGES         SELECTOR
net-test           2         2         2            2           2h        net-test     alpine         run=net-test
nginx-deployment   3         3         3            3           1h        nginx        nginx:1.12.2   app=nginx

###查看更新历史
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl rollout history deployment/nginx-deployment --revision=1
deployments "nginx-deployment" with revision #1
Pod Template:
  Labels:    app=nginx
    pod-template-hash=3181266511
  Containers:
   nginx:
    Image:    nginx:1.10.3
    Port:    80/TCP
    Host Port:    0/TCP
    Environment:    <none>
    Mounts:    <none>
  Volumes:    <none>


#查看具体某一个版本的更新历史
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl rollout history deployment/nginx-deployment --revision=1
deployments "nginx-deployment" with revision #1
Pod Template:
  Labels:    app=nginx
    pod-template-hash=3181266511
  Containers:
   nginx:
    Image:    nginx:1.10.3
    Port:    80/TCP
    Host Port:    0/TCP
    Environment:    <none>
    Mounts:    <none>
  Volumes:    <none>

###快速回滚到上一个版本
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl rollout undo deployment/nginx-deployment
deployment.apps "nginx-deployment"

[root@k8s-master ~]# vim nginx-service.yaml
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: nginx-service
spec:
  selector:
    app: nginx
  ports:
  - protocol: TCP
    port: 80
    targetPort: 80

###创建nginx的service.yaml文件
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl create -f nginx-service.yaml
service "nginx-service" created

###查看service
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get service
NAME            TYPE        CLUSTER-IP    EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)   AGE
kubernetes      ClusterIP   10.1.0.1      <none>        443/TCP   18h
nginx-service   ClusterIP   10.1.172.14   <none>        80/TCP    12s

###测试连通性
[root@k8s-master ~]# curl --head http://10.1.172.14
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.10.3
Date: Mon, 04 Jun 2018 04:58:47 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 612
Last-Modified: Tue, 31 Jan 2017 15:01:11 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "5890a6b7-264"
Accept-Ranges: bytes

###查看虚IP
[root@k8s-master ~]# ipvsadm -Ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
  -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP  10.1.0.1:443 rr persistent 10800
  -> 10.0.0.25:6443               Masq    1      0          0         
TCP  10.1.172.14:80 rr
  -> 10.2.58.5:80                 Masq    1      0          0         
  -> 10.2.83.4:80                 Masq    1      0          0         
  -> 10.2.93.5:80                 Masq    1      0          1 

###自动扩容到5个副本节点
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl scale deployment nginx-deployment --replicas 5
deployment.extensions "nginx-deployment" scaled
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME                                READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE       IP          NODE
net-test-5767cb94df-7kqhz           1/1       Running   0          2h        10.2.93.2   10.0.0.27
net-test-5767cb94df-xw6r9           1/1       Running   0          2h        10.2.58.2   10.0.0.25
nginx-deployment-75d56bb955-6dfxr   1/1       Running   0          17s       10.2.83.5   10.0.0.26
nginx-deployment-75d56bb955-9jmch   1/1       Running   0          17s       10.2.93.6   10.0.0.27
nginx-deployment-75d56bb955-gssxl   1/1       Running   0          7m        10.2.58.5   10.0.0.25
nginx-deployment-75d56bb955-hkqdc   1/1       Running   0          7m        10.2.93.5   10.0.0.27
nginx-deployment-75d56bb955-s66c4   1/1       Running   0          7m        10.2.83.4   10.0.0.26

[root@k8s-master ~]# ipvsadm -Ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
  -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP  10.1.0.1:443 rr persistent 10800
  -> 10.0.0.25:6443               Masq    1      0          0         
TCP  10.1.172.14:80 rr
  -> 10.2.58.5:80                 Masq    1      0          0         
  -> 10.2.83.4:80                 Masq    1      0          0         
  -> 10.2.83.5:80                 Masq    1      0          0         
  -> 10.2.93.5:80                 Masq    1      0          0         
  -> 10.2.93.6:80                 Masq    1      0          0

作者：HaydenGuo

出处：https://www.cnblogs.com/ghl1024/

每一个前十年都想不到后十年我会演变成何等模样，可知人生无常，没有什么规律，没有什么必然。

只要我还对新鲜的知识、品格的改进、情感的扩张、有胃口，这日子就是值得度过的。

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/ghl1024/p/9125147.html