实习小结（二）--- SSM框架搭建

SSM项目框架搭建

　　前几天做了一个学生信息管理的项目，使用纯控制台输入，查询数据库，将信息在控制台中打印，功能完善得差不多之后，老师让将这个项目移植到Web中，使用Spring+SpringMVC+MyBatis将项目做成网页，借此机会熟悉一下SSM框架的搭建流程。

项目的目录结构如下：

SSM框架搭建流程：

1、项目所需要的jar包

　　图片中的jar包可能一些多于的包，另外在开发中遇到没有导入的包的时候再去下载

2、配置文件

（1）web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
  
  <!-- 该监听器监听应用的启动，加载Spring的配置文件，默认加载WEB-INF下的名字为applicationContext.xml文件
      并创建Spring容器 -->
  <listener>
      <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  
  <!-- 告诉ContextLoaderListener下面配置的文件也是需要加载的 -->
  <context-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  
  <!-- 拦截器用于解决post请求中请求参数值可能出现乱码的情况 -->
  <filter>
      <filter-name>characterEncoding</filter-name>
      <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
         <init-param>
             <param-name>encoding</param-name>
             <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
         </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
      <filter-name>characterEncoding</filter-name>
      <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  
  <!-- 配置SpringMVC中的分发控制器DispatcherServlet     默认加载WEB-INF下的springmvc-servlet.xml -->
  <servlet>
      <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
      <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
      <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
      <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

（2）springmvc-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
  
    xsi:schemaLocation="
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
  ">
  
  <!-- 让Spring识别注解 -->
  <context:component-scan base-package="com.sysystem.controller"></context:component-scan>
  <!-- 让SpringMVC识别注解 -->
  <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
  
  <!-- 配置视图解析器  如果是显式转发，则可以不需要视图解析器-->
  <bean id="resourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
      <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
      <property name="prefix" value="/"/>
      <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
  </bean> 
    
    <!-- 配置文件上传解析器 -->
    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"/>
    
</beans>

（3）applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation=
    "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
  ">
  
    
    <!-- 让Spring识别注解 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.sysystem"></context:component-scan>
    
    <!-- 配置数据源,指出连接数据库需要的驱动、url、用户名和密码以及连接池相关信息 -->
    <bean id="dbcpdataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/traineeinfo"></property>
        <property name="username" value="root"></property>
        <property name="password" value="root"></property>
        <property name="initialSize" value="20"></property>
        <property name="maxActive" value="10"></property>
        <property name="maxIdle" value="3"></property>
        <property name="minIdle" value="2"></property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="SqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dbcpdataSource"/>
    </bean>
    
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer" >
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.sysystem.model.dao"/>
        <property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="SqlSessionFactory"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

（4）mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    
    <!-- 在配置文件中定义别名，可以在映射文件中使用别名 -->
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.sysystem.model.entity"/>
    </typeAliases>
    
  <!-- 注册映射文件 -->
  <mappers>
    <package name="com.sysystem.model.dao"/>
  </mappers>
</configuration>

3、测试

student.java　　Student学生类，标准的JavaBean，属性私有，提供setter/getter方法

dao层

　　IStudentDao.java　　数据操作对象接口

package com.sysystem.model.dao;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import com.sysystem.model.entity.Student;

public interface IStudentDao {
    // 获取所有的学生信息
    List<Student> getAllStudentWithPage(Map<String,Object> map);
    // 根据学生id查询学生信息
    Student getSingleStudent(int stu_id);
    // 获得学生表的记录个数
    int getStuRows();
    // 新增学生信息
    boolean addStu(Student stu);
    // 修改学生信息
    boolean updateStu(Student stu);
    
    
}

　　IStudentDao.xml　　实现对数据库的增删改查操作

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.sysystem.model.dao.IStudentDao">
    <select id="getSingleStudent" parameterType="int" resultType="Student">
        select stu_name,birthday,sex,school from stu_info where stu_id = #{stu_id}
    </select>

    <select id="getStuRows" resultType="int">
        select count(1) from (SELECT
        s.stu_id FROM (stu_info s LEFT JOIN stu_pro_relation spr ON s.stu_id = spr.stu_id)
        LEFT JOIN project p ON p.pro_id = spr.pro_id) temp
    </select>

    <select id="getAllStudentWithPage" parameterType="java.util.Map" resultType="Student">
        SELECT s.stu_id,s.stu_name,CEIL(DATEDIFF(CURDATE(), s.birthday) /
        365.2422) age,
        s.sex,s.school,p.pro_id,p.pro_name,p.`code`
        FROM
        (stu_info s LEFT JOIN stu_pro_relation spr ON s.stu_id = spr.stu_id)
        LEFT JOIN project p ON p.pro_id = spr.pro_id
        LIMIT
        #{pageStart},#{pageSize}
    </select>
    
    <insert id="addStu" parameterType="Student">
        insert into stu_info (stu_name,birthday,sex,school) 
        values (#{stu_name},#{birthday},#{sex},#{school})
    </insert>
    
    <update id="updateStu" parameterType="Student">
        update stu_info set stu_name = #{stu_name},birthday = #{birthday},sex = #{sex},school = #{school} where stu_id = #{stu_id}
    </update>

</mapper>

service层

　　IStudentService.java　　　

package com.sysystem.model.service;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import com.sysystem.model.entity.Student;

public interface IStudentService {
    // 获取所有的学生信息
    List<Student> getAllStudentWithPage(Map<String,Object> map);
    // 根据学生id查询学生信息
    Student getSingleStudent(int stu_id);
    // 获得学生表的记录个数
    int getStuRows();
    // 新增学生信息
    boolean addStu(Student stu);
    // 修改学生信息
    boolean updateStu(Student stu);
}

　　StudentServiceImpl.java　　通过Dao获取对象，然后进行业务逻辑实现

package com.sysystem.model.service.impl;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;


import com.sysystem.model.dao.IStudentDao;
import com.sysystem.model.entity.Student;
import com.sysystem.model.service.IStudentService;

@Service("stuService")
public class StudentServiceImpl implements IStudentService {
    @Resource
    private IStudentDao stuDao;
    
    @Override
    public Student getSingleStudent(int stu_id) {
        return stuDao.getSingleStudent(stu_id);
    }

    @Override
    public int getStuRows() {
        return stuDao.getStuRows();
    }

    @Override
    public List<Student> getAllStudentWithPage(Map<String,Object> map) {
        return stuDao.getAllStudentWithPage(map);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean addStu(Student stu) {
        return stuDao.addStu(stu);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean updateStu(Student stu) {
        return stuDao.updateStu(stu);
    }

}

控制层Controller

　　BaseController.java

package com.sysystem.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.google.gson.Gson;

public class BaseController {
    
    /**
     * 向响应的输出流写文本数据
     * @param response 响应
     * @param str 文本数据
     */
    public void writeToRes (HttpServletResponse response, String str){
        // 设置输出的字符集
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        // 定义输出流对象
        PrintWriter out = null;
        try {
            out = response.getWriter();
            out.print(str);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            out.close();
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * 向响应的输出流写json数据
     * @param response 响应
     * @param obj json数据
     */
    public void writeToRes (HttpServletResponse response, Object obj){
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        PrintWriter out = null;
        try {
            out = response.getWriter();
            String json = new Gson().toJson(obj);
            out.print(json);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            out.close();
        }
    }
    
}

　　StudentController.java

package com.sysystem.controller;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import com.sysystem.model.entity.Student;
import com.sysystem.model.service.IStudentService;
import com.sysystem.model.util.ChangeDate;
import com.sysystem.model.util.Page;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/student")
public class StudentController extends BaseController{
    @Resource
    private IStudentService studentService;

    /**
     * 根据学生的id获取学生信息
     * @param request 请求
     * @param response 响应
     * @param stu_id 学生id
     * @return 指定页面前缀
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @RequestMapping("/getSingleStudent")
    public String getSingleStudent(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response, int stu_id) throws Exception  {
        Student student = studentService.getSingleStudent(stu_id);
        // 将CST类型的时间转换为字符串
        String date = ChangeDate.cst2String(student.getBirthday());
        
        request.setAttribute("date", date);
        request.setAttribute("stu", student);
        return "updateStu";
    }
    
    /**
     * 分页获得学生的记录信息 
     * @param request 请求
     * @param response 响应
     * @param curpage 当前页
     * @return 指定页面的前缀
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @RequestMapping("/getAllStudentWithPage")
    public String getAllStudentWithPage(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,int curpage) throws Exception  {
        // 定义每页记录个数
        int pageSize = 3;
        // 获得总记录个数
        int total = studentService.getStuRows();
        // 创建Page对象
        Page page = new Page(curpage, pageSize, total);
        // 获得总页数
        int totalpage = page.gettotalpage();
        // 得到真实的当前页
        curpage = page.getcurpage();
        // 得到Limit的第一个参数
        int pageStart = page.getStart();
        
        // 将参数存放在map集合中（MyBatis中传递多个参数使用的方法）
        Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String,Object>();
        map.put("pageStart", pageStart);
        map.put("pageSize", pageSize);
        
        // 获得查询到的记录集合
        List<Student> stulist = studentService.getAllStudentWithPage(map);
        
        // 将集合，当前页，总页数存放在request中
        request.setAttribute("stulist", stulist);
        request.setAttribute("curpage", curpage);
        request.setAttribute("totalpage", totalpage);
        
        return "allStu";
    }
    
    @RequestMapping("/addStu")
    public String addStu(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,Student stu) throws Exception  {
        boolean flag = studentService.addStu(stu);
        if (flag) {
            return "index";
        }else{
            return null;
        }
        
        
    }
    
    @RequestMapping("/updateStu")
    public void updateStu(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,Student stu) throws Exception  {
        boolean flag = studentService.updateStu(stu);
        if (flag) {
            writeToRes(response, "1");
        }else{
            writeToRes(response, "0");
        }
    }

}

工具类

　　ChangeDate.java

package com.sysystem.model.util;

import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Locale;

public class ChangeDate { 
    /**
     * 将java.util包下的Date对象转为java.sql包下的date
     * @param date java.util.Date
     * @return java.sql.Date
     */
    public static java.sql.Date utilDateToSqlDate(Date date) {
        // 获取了毫秒值ֵ
        long millisTime = date.getTime();
        // 根据毫秒值来获取java.sql包下的Date对象
        java.sql.Date pubTime = new java.sql.Date(millisTime);
        return pubTime;
    }
    
    /**
     * 将字符串转换成Date类型
     * @param time String类型的时间字符串
     * @return Date
     */
    public static Date strDate(String time) {
        Date date = null;
        DateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
        try {
            date = df.parse(time);
        } catch (ParseException e) {
            System.out.println("日期格式输入不正确 ");
        }
        return date;
    }
    
    /**
     * 将CST格式的日期转换为String字符串
     * @param date 日期
     * @return 字符串
     */
    public static String cst2String(Date date){
        String datestr = date.toString();
        SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("EEE MMM dd HH:mm:ss zzz yyyy", Locale.US);  
        Date d =null;
        try {
            d = sdf.parse(datestr);
        } catch (ParseException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }  
        String formatDate = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").format(d);
        
        return formatDate;
    }
    
    
}

　　Page.java　　进行分页的方法

package com.sysystem.model.util;

public class Page {
    // 当前页
    private int curpage;
    // 每页记录个数
    private int pageSize;
    // 总记录数
    private int total;

    public Page(int curpage, int pageSize, int total) {
        this.curpage = curpage;
        this.pageSize = pageSize;
        this.total = total;
    }

    public Page() {

    }

    /**
     * 获得总页数的方法
     * 
     * @return 总页数
     */
    public int gettotalpage() {
        int totalpage = 0;
        // 记录总页数分别对每页记录个数进行除法和取余
        int m = total / pageSize;
        int n = total % pageSize;
        // 当结果存在余数时则进行+1
        totalpage = (n == 0) ? m : m + 1;

        return totalpage;
    }

    /**
     * 获得当前页的方法
     * 
     * @return 当前页
     */
    public int getcurpage() {
        // 获得总页数
        int totalpage = gettotalpage();
        // 当当前页小于1时重置为1
        if (curpage < 1) {
            curpage = 1;
        }
        // 当当前页大于总页数时重置为总页数
        if (curpage > totalpage) {
            curpage = totalpage;
        }
        return curpage;
    }

    /**
     * 获得LIMIT的第一个参数的方法
     * 
     * @return 返回第一个参数
     */
    public int getStart() {
        // 获得总页数
        int curpage = getcurpage();
        int pageStart = (curpage - 1) * pageSize;
        return pageStart;
    }

}

allStu.jsp

<body>
      <h1 align="center" >学生信息表</h1>
    <table width="100%" height="30%" border="1" >
        <tr>
            <td>学生姓名</td>
            <td>年龄</td>
            <td>性别</td>
            <td>学校</td>
            <td>项目名</td>
            <td>代码量</td>
        </tr>
        <c:forEach var="stu" items="${stulist }">
            <tr>
                <td>${stu.stu_name }</td>
                <td>${stu.age }</td>
                <td>${stu.sex }</td>
                <td>${stu.school }</td>
                <td>${stu.pro_name }</td>
                <td>${stu.code }</td>
            </tr>
        </c:forEach>
    </table>
    <a href="<%=path %>/student/getAllStudentWithPage.do?curpage=1">首页</a>
    <a href="<%=path %>/student/getAllStudentWithPage.do?curpage=${curpage-1 }">上一页</a>
    <a href="<%=path %>/student/getAllStudentWithPage.do?curpage=${curpage+1 }">下一页</a>
    <a href="<%=path %>/student/getAllStudentWithPage.do?curpage=${totalpage }">尾页</a>
  </body>

在浏览器地址栏输入：

http://localhost:8080/studentManager/student/getAllStudentWithPage.do?curpage=0