SpringMvc+Mybatis+Maven＋Mysql做一个CRUD的简单例子

本文档结合 SpringMVC、 Mybatis、 MySQL,说明如何实现一个简单的数据库单表 CRUD操作。开发工具使用集成了spring mvc的eclipse(Spring Tool Suite,简称STS)。 

基础环境说明 

• Mac OS X 10.11.5
• jre version 1.8.0_05
• java sdk 1.8.0_05
• STS 3.5.1
• maven 3.2.1

以上环境安装配置好后,就可以开始demo程序了。

MySQL建表语句 

CREATE TABLE `user` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
`age` int(11) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=big5

　　

Step 1 新建spring mvc项目 

使用STS新建一个spring mvc project,建立好项目后,一个基本的spring mvc web项目已经搭建 好,我们只需要在这之上配置好相关的beans,以及编写CRUD相关的代码。

可以注意一下项目中的 web.xml、 servlet-context.xml,STS已经帮我们把跟spring 相关的基本配置项配置好。

例如:web.xml中定义了请求由spring接管,以及IOC相关的配置文件名称。 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
	id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">

	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>mybatis</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>mybatis</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

　　

Step 2 使用maven加载所需的jar包 

如果使用独立安装的maven程序,需要在eclipse中指定maven的路径:
Preferences — Maven — Installations
例如,我的路径是:/usr/local/maven/maven3.2.2 maven配置好后,就可以在pom文件中添加相关的依赖项了,需要添加的相关依赖配置如下: 

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>com.goody9807.mybatis</groupId>
	<artifactId>mybatis_web</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>war</packaging>
	<name>mybatis_web</name>
	<properties>
		<org.springframework-version>3.2.3.RELEASE</org.springframework-version>
		<slf4j-version>1.5.11</slf4j-version>
	</properties>
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
			<version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
			<version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
			<version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
			<version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
			<version>5.1.31</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
			<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
			<version>1.4</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
			<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
			<version>1.2.2</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
			<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
			<version>3.2.7</version>
		</dependency>
	<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/log4j/log4j -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>log4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
			<version>1.2.14</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.slf4j/slf4j-log4j12 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
			<version>${slf4j-version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.slf4j/slf4j-nop -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>slf4j-nop</artifactId>
			<version>${slf4j-version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.slf4j/slf4j-jdk14 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>slf4j-jdk14</artifactId>
			<version>${slf4j-version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.slf4j/slf4j-simple -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
			<version>${slf4j-version}</version>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
</project>

　　

需要注意跟spring相关的jar包的版本问题

保存pom文件后会自动根据配置文件下载所需的jar包。 

Step 3 主要配置示例 

bean相关配置

在mybatis-servlet.xml配置文件中增加如下的bean,注意schema格式 数据源: 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" 
	xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd

		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd  
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
	    http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.2.xsd">

	<context:component-scan base-package="goody9807.springdemo" />
    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    <!-- 允许对静态资源文件的访问 -->

    <mvc:default-servlet-handler />

    <!-- 定义跳转的文件的前后缀 ，视图模式配置 -->
    <bean
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>

	<beans:bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
		lazy-init="default" autowire="default">
		<beans:property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver">
		</beans:property>
		<beans:property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test"></beans:property>
		<beans:property name="username" value="root"></beans:property>
		<beans:property name="password" value="123456"></beans:property>
	</beans:bean>

	<beans:bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
		<beans:property name="configLocation"
			value="spring-mybatis-config.xml"></beans:property>
		<beans:property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
	</beans:bean>
	<beans:bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
		<beans:property name="basePackage" value="goody9807.springdemo.da" />
	</beans:bean>
</beans:beans>

　　

Mybatis Sql Session配置:

由spring接管的mybatis session,configLocation配置的value要和实际的mybatis配置 文件一致。 

Mybatis主配置文件

spring-mybatis-config.xml配置文件示例如下: 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"  
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">  
<configuration>
	<settings>
		<setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true" />
		<setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true" />
		<setting name="aggressiveLazyLoading" value="false" />
		<setting name="multipleResultSetsEnabled" value="true" />
		<setting name="useColumnLabel" value="true" />
		<setting name="useGeneratedKeys" value="false" />
		<setting name="autoMappingBehavior" value="PARTIAL" />
		<setting name="defaultExecutorType" value="SIMPLE" />
		<setting name="defaultStatementTimeout" value="25000" />
		<setting name="safeRowBoundsEnabled" value="false" />
		<setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="false" />
		<setting name="localCacheScope" value="SESSION" />
		<setting name="jdbcTypeForNull" value="OTHER" />
		<setting name="lazyLoadTriggerMethods" value="equals,clone,hashCode,toString" />
	</settings>
	<typeAliases>
		<typeAlias alias="User" type="goody9807.springdemo.model.User" />
	</typeAliases>
	<mappers>
		<mapper resource="config/mapper/user.xml" />
	</mappers>
</configuration>

　　

mapper文件 

例如:mapper/user.xml 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper  
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"  
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="goody9807.springdemo.da.UserMapper">
	<select id = "get" parameterType="int" resultType="User">
		select * from user where ID=#{id};
	</select>
		<insert id="insert" parameterType="User">
			insert into user values
			(#{id}, #{name}, #{age});
		</insert>
		<update id="update" parameterType="User">
			update user set
			name=#{name},age=#{age} where id=#{id};
		</update>
</mapper>
 

　　

Step 4 主要代码 

定义Model User.java 

package goody9807.springdemo.model;

public class User {
	private int id;
	private String name;
	private int age;

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}

	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}

	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
}

　　

定义CRUD操作接口

UserMapper.java 

package goody9807.springdemo.da;

import goody9807.springdemo.model.User;

public interface UserMapper {
	User get(int id);

	void insert(User u);

	void update(User u);
}

　　

编写Action 

在Controller中增加CRUD相关的action。需要先将数据操作的mapper类注入到controller中,增加 代码如下: 

@Autowired
private UserMapper _userMapper;

　　

get一个数据实体

 @RequestMapping(value = "/get/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String get(@PathVariable("id") int id, Model model) { User u = _userMapper.get(id);
model.addAttribute("user", u); return "user";
}

　　

注解RequestMapping说明对应的url,以及http method,其中{id}代表URL参数,和action中的参 数id对应,同时需要在参数id前增加注解:@PathVariable(“id”)

这里使用spring内置的model传递参数到view,在页面上可以采用如下语句获取数据实体内容。 

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>User Show</title>
</head>
<body>
<div> <p>
<span>${user.getId()}</span> </p>
<p>
<strong>Name</strong> <span>${user.getName()}</span>
</p> <p>
<strong>Age</strong>
<span>${user.getAge()}</span> </p>
</div>
</body>
</html>

　　

insert一个数据实体

add的get方法 

@RequestMapping(value = "/add", method = RequestMethod.GET ) public String Insert() {
return "add"; }

　　

add的post方法 

@RequestMapping(value = "/add", method = RequestMethod.POST ) @ResponseBody
public String Insert(User u) {
_userMapper.insert(u);
return "insert a new user"; }

　　

对应的view 

<form action="" method="post"> <div>
<p>
<input type="text" value="${user.getId()}" name="id" />
</p> <p>
<strong>Name</strong>
<input type="text" value="${user.getName()}" name="name" /> </p>
<p>
<strong>Age</strong>
<input type="text" value="${user.getAge()}" name="age" />
</p> </div>
<div>
<input type="submit" value="Submit" />
</div> </form>

　　

其他update和delete操作和上面基本类似,至此一个简单的单表CRUD程序已经能run起来了。