zoukankan      html  css  js  c++  java
  • Linux安装python3.6.7/定时crontab/安装命令

    一般情况下都会自带安装了python2,所以不要删除。继续安装你的python3就好,因为某些程序需要依赖目前python2环境。

    一.安装依赖环境

    # yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel
    

    二.下载Python3

    从[官网下载](https://www.python.org/downloads/)相应的Python版本,目前最新版本为Python3.6.7,[点击下载](https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.3/Python-3.6.3.tgz)。
    也可以通过如下命令下载:
    wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.7/Python-3.6.7.tgz
    
    

    三.安装

    在Python下载目录依次运行如下命令

    [root@cdh1 opt]# tar zxvf Python-3.6.7.tgz   
    [root@cdh1 opt]# cd Python-3.6.7
    

    创建安装目录

    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# mkdir -p /usr/local/python3 
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# make
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# make install
    

    make是一个编译命令,如果make的时候出现以下情况

    那就是没有找到makefile,可以看下configure的时候有没有报错呀?是不是提示有什么依赖的包没有装,先把依赖的包装了。再configure试试,看有没有makefile。

    四.安装依赖包(若不报错,则此步骤不用安装)

    安装python的时候出现如下的错误:

    Python3.6安装报错 configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH**

    [root@master ~]#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3.6 
    checking build system type... i686-pc-linux-gnu
    checking host system type... i686-pc-linux-gnu
    checking for --enable-universalsdk... no
    checking for --with-universal-archs... 32-bit
    checking MACHDEP... linux
    checking for --without-gcc... no
    checking for gcc... no
    checking for cc... no
    checking for cl.exe... no
    configure: error: in `/usr/local/src/pythonSoft/Python-3.3.4':
    configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH
    See `config.log' for more details
    

    由于本机缺少gcc编译环境
    1.通过yum安装gcc编译环境:yum install -y gcc
    2.本机没有安装yum功能,可下载gcc安装包:https://gcc.gnu.org/

    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# yum install -y gcc
    

    然后再make

    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# make
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# make install
    

    五.建立python3的软链

    一般情况下使用第一种方法

    第一种方法:直接创建

    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]#  ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3
    

    第二种方法:创建新版本的软连接

    ###修改旧版本
    mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python_bak
    ###创建新的软连接
    ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python
    

    六.将(/usr/local/python3/bin)加入PATH 路径

    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# vim ~/.bash_profile
    

    将原:PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:
    改成:PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/python3/bin

    # .bash_profile
    
    # Get the aliases and functions
    
    if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
    
    . ~/.bashrc
    
    fi
    
    # User specific environment and startup programs
    
    PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/python3/bin
    
    export PATH
    

    按ESC,输入:wq回车退出

    七.修改完PATH路径记得执行行下面的命令,让上一步修改生效

    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# source ~/.bash_profile
    

    八.最后检查Python3及pip3是否安装成功

    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# python3 -V
    Python 3.6.7
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# pip3 -V
    pip 10.0.1 from /usr/local/python3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip (python 3.6)
    
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]#python3 
    Python 3.6.7 (default, Mar 23 2020, 17:02:26)
    [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-11)] on linux
    Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
    >>>
    
    

    出现以上情况说明安装成功,否则继续以下安装

    如果有问题再创建一下pip3的软链接,重新生成

    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3
    

    安装pip以及setuptools

    为了方便的安装第三方库,使用pip3命令,需要进行相应的安装。 最新版本  setuptools (39.0.1)
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]#wget --no-check-certificate  https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/s/setuptools/setuptools-19.6.tar.gz#md5=c607dd118eae682c44ed146367a17e26
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# tar -zxvf setuptools-19.6.tar.gz
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# cd setuptools-19.6
    [root@cdh1 setuptools-19.6]# python3 setup.py build
    [root@cdh1 setuptools-19.6]#python3 setup.py install 
    

    如果前面没布置好环境的话继续操作如下方法

    报错: RuntimeError: Compression requires the (missing) zlib module
    我们需要在linux中安装zlib-devel包,进行支持。
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# yum install zlib-devel
    需要对python3.6进行重新编译安装。
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# cd python3.6.7
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# make
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# make install
    
    又是漫长的编译安装过程。
    重新安装setuptools
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# python3 setup.py build
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# python3 setup.py install
    
    安装pip命令如下:
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# wget --no-check-certificate  https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/p/pip/pip-8.0.2.tar.gz#md5=3a73c4188f8dbad6a1e6f6d44d117eeb
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# tar -zxvf pip-8.0.2.tar.gz
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# cd pip-8.0.2
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# python3 setup.py build
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# python3 setup.py install
    如果没有意外的话,pip安装完成
    
    
    如果没有搞好环境的话,会碰见亲切的报错:
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]#  pip3 install paramiko
    
    报这个错:pip is configured with locations that require TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not available.
    
    然后开始进行如下操作
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# yum install openssl
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# yum install openssl-devel
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# cd python3.6.7
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# make
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]# make install
    
    还可以参考下面同学的链接
    https://www.cnblogs.com/kimyeee/p/7250560.html
    

    根据自己需求安装相应模块

    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]#  pip3 install requests
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]#  pip3 install flask
    ​[root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]#  pip3 install gevent
    ​[root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]#  pip3 install redis
    ​[root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]#  pip3 install redis-py-cluster
    [root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]#  pip3 install pymongo
    ​[root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]#  pip3 install pillow
    ​[root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]#  pip3 install numpy
    ​[root@cdh1 Python-3.6.7]#  pip3 install tensorflow
    

    用命令将Python安装包导出导入

    导出
    pip3 freeze > requirements.txt
    导入
    pip3 install -r requirements.txt
    
    aliyun-python-sdk-core==2.13.15
    aliyun-python-sdk-core-v3==2.13.11
    aliyun-python-sdk-kms==2.10.1
    beautifulsoup4==4.7.1
    boto==2.49.0
    boto3==1.10.32
    botocore==1.13.32
    bs4==0.0.1
    certifi==2019.11.28
    cffi==1.12.2
    chardet==3.0.4
    crcmod==1.7
    demjson==2.2.4
    docutils==0.15.2
    gensim==3.8.1
    gevent==1.4.0
    greenlet==0.4.15
    idna==2.8
    jmespath==0.9.4
    kafka==1.3.5
    kafka-python==1.4.7
    lxml==4.5.0
    numpy==1.15.4
    oss2==2.9.1
    Pillow==7.0.0
    pycparser==2.19
    pycryptodome==3.9.7
    pymongo==3.10.0
    python-dateutil==2.8.0
    redis==2.10.6
    redis-py-cluster==1.3.6
    requests==2.22.0
    s3transfer==0.2.1
    scipy==1.2.1
    selenium==3.141.0
    six==1.13.0
    smart-open==1.9.0
    soupsieve==1.8
    threadpool==1.3.2
    tornado==6.0.3
    urllib3==1.25.7
    wincertstore==0.2
    

    在Linux系统下常用命令

    Linux远程拷贝scp命令

    [root@iZbp17myadp30d5qukpv2wZ opt]# scp Python-3.6.7.tgz root@47.97.37.7:/opt/
    The authenticity of host '47.97.37.7 (47.97.37.7)' can't be established.
    ECDSA key fingerprint is e7:ac:cd:3b:3c:3e:b2:e1:0f:a1:4e:2d:81:25:1c:9b.
    Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? y
    Please type 'yes' or 'no': y
    Please type 'yes' or 'no': yes
    Warning: Permanently added '47.97.37.7' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
    root@47.97.37.7's password: 
    Python-3.6.7.tgz     
    

    从本机拷贝到目标远程主机

    scp 拷贝目标文件 远程用户@远程主机地址:远程目录

    scp php-7.2.4.tar.gz root@192.168.9.142:/usr/local/src/   //这里是从当前主机拷贝到IP位142的局域网主机目录/usr/local/src下
    The authenticity of host '192.168.9.142 (192.168.9.142)' can't be established.
    RSA key fingerprint is 11:b6:be:81:a0:be:b7:14:b4:2d:d6:99:de:8d:7c:f1.
    Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes     //输入回车会弹出提示,然后输入yes回车
    root@192.168.9.142's password:    //输入密码即可执行完成之后,去目标远程主机对应目录查看,文件在,说明成功
    

    从远程主机拷贝到本机

    scp root@192.168.9.142:/usr/local/src/redis.tar.gz /usr/local/src/  //这里是从目标主机142拷贝文件到本机/usr/local/src下
    root@192.168.9.142's password:   //输入远程主机密码回车即可
    redis.tar.gz                                            100% 1696KB   1.7MB/s   00:00 补充、一次拷贝多个文件或者目录
    
    scp root@192.168.9.142:/usr/local/src/cp_dir/*.php /usr/local/src/  //拷贝多个文件
    scp -r root@192.168.9.142:/usr/local/src/cp_dir/ /usr/local/src/   //拷贝目录
    

    压缩包解压方式

    1.unzip Python-3.6.7.zip
    2.tar -zxvf java.tar.gz
    3.tar zxvf Python-3.6.7.tgz
    

    解压到指定的文件夹

    # tar -zxvf java.tar.gz  -C /usr/java
    

    安装上传下载文件命令

    # yum -y install lrzsz  
    

    unzip命令解压缩的时候,出现错误

    # unzip: command not found
    其原因是找不到zip压缩软件,用yum解决问题
    # yum install -y unzip zip
    

    脚本执行权限

    # chmod +x  curl_ip.sh (filename)
    
    #./ filename
    

    定时crontab执行py脚本

    每1小时零5分执行py脚本
    5 */1 * * * python3 /root/auto_test_jinRong.py >/dev/null 2>&1
    每4小时零5分执行py脚本:
    5 */4 * * * python3 /root/auto_test_jinRong.py >/dev/null 2>&1
    每隔5分钟执行py脚本:
    */5 * * * * python3 /root/auto_test_jinRong.py >/dev/null 2>&1
    
  • 相关阅读:
    redis发布订阅
    redis学习笔记(面试题)
    redis安全 (error) NOAUTH Authentication required
    HDU3001 Travelling —— 状压DP(三进制)
    POJ3616 Milking Time —— DP
    POJ3186 Treats for the Cows —— DP
    HDU1074 Doing Homework —— 状压DP
    POJ1661 Help Jimmy —— DP
    HDU1260 Tickets —— DP
    HDU1176 免费馅饼 —— DP
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/gqv2009/p/12533227.html
Copyright © 2011-2022 走看看