mysql8.0新增用户及密码加密规则修改

1. 用户创建

 创建用户的操作已经不支持grant的同时创建用户的方式，需先创建用户再进行授权

mysql> grant all on *.* to 'admin'@'%' identified by 'admin123';
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'identified by 'admin123'' at line 1
mysql> create user  'admin'@'%' identified by 'admin123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

mysql> grant all on *.* to 'admin'@'%' ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

 2. 用户登录1

当用户密码含有字母或数字外的特殊符号登录时，原先使用双引号或单引号都可以登录，但在mysql8.0登录时遇到问题，如下

[root@gjc18 lib]# /usr/local/mysql8.0/bin/mysql -uroot -p"root!@#123" --socket=/data/mysql/mysql3310/tmp/mysql3310.sock
-bash: !@#123": event not found
[root@gjc18 lib]# /usr/local/mysql8.0/bin/mysql -uroot -p'root!@#123' --socket=/data/mysql/mysql3310/tmp/mysql3310.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 22
Server version: 8.0.12 MySQL Community Server - GPL

3.低版本客户端登录异常

 错误号码 2058：Plugin caching_sha2_password could not be loaded

出现这个原因是mysql8.0 之前的版本中加密规则是mysql_native_password,而在mysql8之后,加密规则是caching_sha2_password, 解决此问题方法有两种,一种是升级客户端驱动,一种是把mysql用户登录密码加密规则还原成mysql_native_password。

如果修改用户密码加密规则可使用如下方式：

1）. 修改加密方式：

-- 修改密码为用不过期
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

-- 修改密码并指定加密规则为mysql_native_password
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

-- 刷新权限
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> 

修改完毕后再次登录即可成功

 

2）.使用高版本客户端

linux低版本客户端登录时也会出现此情况，因此需使用高版本的客户端

[root@gjc18 lib]# mysql -uroot -p'123456' --socket=/data/mysql/mysql3310/tmp/mysql3310.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
ERROR 2059 (HY000): Authentication plugin 'caching_sha2_password' cannot be loaded: /usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin/caching_sha2_password.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
[root@gjc18 lib]# /usr/local/mysql8.0/bin/mysql -uroot -p'123456' --socket=/data/mysql/mysql3310/tmp/mysql3310.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 26
Server version: 8.0.12 MySQL Community Server - GPL

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除了密码插件调整外，MySQL8.0其他几个主要的新密码策略有：

• 支持密码过期策略，需要周期性修改密码
• 增加历史密码校验机制，防止近几次的密码相同（次数可以配置）
• 修改密码是需要验证旧密码，防止被篡改风险
• 支持双密码机制，即新密码与修改前的旧密码同时可以使用，且可以选择采用主密码还是第二个密码
• 增加密码强度约束，避免使用弱密码