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  • DBMS_XPLAN详细说明

    执行计划的组成部分

    正确的看执行计划


    DBMS_XPLAN 这个包是一个很好查看执行计划,显示很多格式,来分析执行计划中存在的问题

    format:控制详细执行计划输出的格式,包含以下内容:

    • BASIC:显示最少的信息-ID,operation name
    • TYPICAL :默认,在计划中显示最多相关信息(operation id,name,rows,bytes和cost),在适用时显示pruning 、parallel和predicate 信息
    • SERIAL:像typical 除了并行信息不显示,即使在并行中执行
    • ALL:最大用户级别,包含信息显示TYPICAL级别,在增加(PROJECTION、ALLAS和在分布式操作中REMOTE SQL)

    format 关键字必须用逗号或者空格隔开

    • ROWS-相关,显示优化器评估的行数
    • BYTES-显示优化器评估的字节数量
    • COST-显示优化器评估的代价信息
    • PARATITION-显示优化器的裁集信息
    • PARALLEL-显示PX信息(分配方法和表队列的信息)
    • PREDICATE-显示谓词章节信息(predicate )
    • PROJECTION-显示字段定义信息(projection)
    • ALLAS-显示查询块名称/对象别名(QUERY BLOCK NAME/OBJECT ALIAS)
    • REMOTE-显示分布式查询信息(如远程从分布式远程SQL)
    • NOTE-显示计划中NOTE信息
    • IOSTATS-当SQL语句被执行时,假如基本的计划统计信息被收集(使用gather_plan_statistics hint或设置statistics_level参数设置为ALL),用格式ALL来显示IO统计信息(或仅用LAST显示)对这个游标的执行
    • MEMSTATS-假如PGA内存管理被启用(这个是,pga_aggregate_target参数设置非为0),这个格式允许显示内存的统计信息(如,操作者执行模式,内存被多少使用,多少的字节数被写入磁盘等),这些统计信息应用到内存敏感的操作如hash-join,排序或一些位图操作。
    • ALLSTATS-‘IOSTATS MEMSTATS’的缩写
    • LAST-默认,计划统计信息被显示游标中的全部的执行计划,关键字LAST被指定仅查看语句的最后一次执行计划

    以下两种已经过时,但是支持向后的兼容性:

    • RUNSTATS_TOT-跟IOSTATS类同,显示IO统计信息指定游标的全部统计信息
    • RUNSTATS_LAST跟 IOSTATS LAST ,显示运行统计信息的游标最后一次统计信息

    格式化关键字可以前缀通过标记‘-’排除指定的信息,如:‘-PROJECTION’就排除了projection 信息

    类别分类和显示

    class level alias bytes cost note predicate parallel partition projection outlines peeked_binds remote rows
    BASIC                        
    TYPICAL   Y Y Y Y Y Y       Y Y
    SERIAL   Y Y Y Y             Y
    ALL Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y   Y Y
    ADVANCED Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

    执行计划的组成部分

    • 目标SQL语句
    • 执行计划的主要部分:路径、查询块命名、OUTline data、Predicate Information 、Column Projection Information
    • 辅助信息:NOTE(11g的基数评估、sql profile、动态采样)

    找到SQL_ID,调用DBMS_XPLAN包,格式化执行计划

    SELECT
      SQL_ID,
      CHILD_NUMBER
    FROM
      V$SQL
    WHERE
      SQL_TEXT LIKE 'select * from GLL_OBJECT_0602  where object_id=7782%'
      AND SQL_TEXT NOT LIKE '%V$SQL%';
      
    
      SELECT
      *
    FROM
      TABLE(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_CURSOR('75nc852bx00ub',0,'ADVANCED'));
    
    SQL_ID  75nc852bx00ub, child number 0
    -------------------------------------
    select * from GLL_OBJECT_0602  where object_id=7782
     
    Plan hash value: 2093672533
     
    -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    | Id  | Operation                   | Name            | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
    -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    |   0 | SELECT STATEMENT            |                 |       |       |     2 (100)|          |
    |   1 |  TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| GLL_OBJECT_0602 |     1 |   207 |     2   (0)| 00:00:01 |
    |*  2 |   INDEX RANGE SCAN          | IND_OBJECT      |     1 |       |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |
    -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
    Query Block Name / Object Alias (identified by operation id):
    -------------------------------------------------------------
     
       1 - SEL$1 / GLL_OBJECT_0602@SEL$1
       2 - SEL$1 / GLL_OBJECT_0602@SEL$1
     
    Outline Data
    -------------
     
      /*+
          BEGIN_OUTLINE_DATA
          IGNORE_OPTIM_EMBEDDED_HINTS
          OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE('11.2.0.3')
          DB_VERSION('11.2.0.3')
          ALL_ROWS
          OUTLINE_LEAF(@"SEL$1")
          INDEX_RS_ASC(@"SEL$1" "GLL_OBJECT_0602"@"SEL$1" ("GLL_OBJECT_0602"."OBJECT_ID"))
          END_OUTLINE_DATA
      */
     
    Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
    ---------------------------------------------------
     
       2 - access("OBJECT_ID"=7782)
     
    Column Projection Information (identified by operation id):
    -----------------------------------------------------------
     
       1 - "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."OWNER"[VARCHAR2,30], 
           "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."OBJECT_NAME"[VARCHAR2,128], 
           "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."SUBOBJECT_NAME"[VARCHAR2,30], "OBJECT_ID"[NUMBER,22], 
           "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."DATA_OBJECT_ID"[NUMBER,22], 
           "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."OBJECT_TYPE"[VARCHAR2,19], "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."CREATED"[DATE,7], 
           "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."LAST_DDL_TIME"[DATE,7], "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."TIMESTAMP"[VARCHAR2,19], 
           "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."STATUS"[VARCHAR2,7], "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."TEMPORARY"[VARCHAR2,1], 
           "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."GENERATED"[VARCHAR2,1], "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."SECONDARY"[VARCHAR2,1], 
           "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."NAMESPACE"[NUMBER,22], "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."EDITION_NAME"[VARCHAR2,30]
       2 - "GLL_OBJECT_0602".ROWID[ROWID,10], "OBJECT_ID"[NUMBER,22]
     
    Note
    -----
       - dynamic sampling used for this statement (level=2)
    

    输出格式中真实ROWS

    获取SQL_ID

    select /*+gather_plan_statistics*/ * from GLL_OBJECT_0602  where object_id=:id

    SELECT
      *
    FROM
      TABLE(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_CURSOR('3ap5ukwk8gs9g',0,'ALLSTATS LAST +PEEKED_BINDS +PROJECTION +ALIAS +PREDICATE +COST +BYTES'));
    SQL_ID  3ap5ukwk8gs9g, child number 0
    -------------------------------------
    select /*+gather_plan_statistics*/ * from GLL_OBJECT_0602  where 
    object_id=:id
     
    Plan hash value: 3717822783
     
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    | Id  | Operation         | Name            | Starts | E-Rows |E-Bytes| Cost (%CPU)| A-Rows |   A-Time   | Buffers |
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    |   0 | SELECT STATEMENT  |                 |      1 |        |       |   293 (100)|      1 |00:00:00.01 |    1072 |
    |*  1 |  TABLE ACCESS FULL| GLL_OBJECT_0602 |      1 |    872 |   176K|   293   (1)|      1 |00:00:00.01 |    1072 |
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
    Query Block Name / Object Alias (identified by operation id):
    -------------------------------------------------------------
     
       1 - SEL$1 / GLL_OBJECT_0602@SEL$1
     
    Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
    ---------------------------------------------------
     
       1 - filter("OBJECT_ID"=TO_NUMBER(:ID))
     
    Column Projection Information (identified by operation id):
    -----------------------------------------------------------
     
       1 - "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."OWNER"[VARCHAR2,30], "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."OBJECT_NAME"[VARCHAR2,128], 
           "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."SUBOBJECT_NAME"[VARCHAR2,30], "OBJECT_ID"[NUMBER,22], 
           "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."DATA_OBJECT_ID"[NUMBER,22], "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."OBJECT_TYPE"[VARCHAR2,19], 
           "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."CREATED"[DATE,7], "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."LAST_DDL_TIME"[DATE,7], 
           "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."TIMESTAMP"[VARCHAR2,19], "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."STATUS"[VARCHAR2,7], 
           "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."TEMPORARY"[VARCHAR2,1], "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."GENERATED"[VARCHAR2,1], 
           "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."SECONDARY"[VARCHAR2,1], "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."NAMESPACE"[NUMBER,22], 
           "GLL_OBJECT_0602"."EDITION_NAME"[VARCHAR2,30]
     
    

    查询块的输出,可以把内联视图的信息,在主查询中去定义全表扫描还是索引访问

    SQL_ID  896fbd4yjghj8, child number 0
    -------------------------------------
    select /*+ FULL(@strange dept) */ ENAME from emp e, (select /*+ 
    QB_NAME(strange) */* from dept where deptno=20) d where 
    e.deptno=d.deptno and d.loc= 'DALLAS'
     
    Plan hash value: 4192419542
     
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    | Id  | Operation          | Name | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    |   0 | SELECT STATEMENT   |      |       |       |     6 (100)|          |
    |   1 |  NESTED LOOPS      |      |     1 |    31 |     6   (0)| 00:00:01 |
    |*  2 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL| DEPT |     1 |    11 |     3   (0)| 00:00:01 |
    |*  3 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL| EMP  |     5 |   100 |     3   (0)| 00:00:01 |
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
    Query Block Name / Object Alias (identified by operation id):
    -------------------------------------------------------------
     
       1 - SEL$DB579D14
       2 - SEL$DB579D14 / DEPT@STRANGE
       3 - SEL$DB579D14 / E@SEL$1
     
    前缀 行源操作
    CRI$ CREATE INDEX statement
    DEL$ DELETE STATEMENT
    INS$ INSERT statement
    MISC$ miesc SQL 类似 lock table
    MRG$ Merge Statement
    SEL$ SELECT statement
    SET$ Set operators
    UPD$ Update statement

    STARTS 实际执行行源的次数

    SELECT
      *
    FROM
      TABLE(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_CURSOR('bv3a5xts1cuh2',0,'ALLSTATS +PEEKED_BINDS +COST -PREDICATE'));
    
    SQL_ID  0v8h8ka3hr0bp, child number 0
    -------------------------------------
    select /*+gather_plan_statistics*/  ENAME from emp e, (select * from 
    dept where deptno=20) d where e.deptno=d.deptno and d.loc= 'DALLAS'
     
    Plan hash value: 568005898
     
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    | Id  | Operation                    | Name    | Starts | E-Rows | Cost (%CPU)| A-Rows |   A-Time   | Buffers |
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    |   0 | SELECT STATEMENT             |         |      1 |        |     4 (100)|      5 |00:00:00.01 |       9 |
    |   1 |  NESTED LOOPS                |         |      1 |      5 |     4   (0)|      5 |00:00:00.01 |       9 |
    |   2 |   TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| DEPT    |      1 |      1 |     1   (0)|      1 |00:00:00.01 |       2 |
    |   3 |    INDEX UNIQUE SCAN         | PK_DEPT |      1 |      1 |     0   (0)|      1 |00:00:00.01 |       1 |
    |   4 |   TABLE ACCESS FULL          | EMP     |      1 |      5 |     3   (0)|      5 |00:00:00.01 |       7 |
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
    Note
    -----
       - dynamic sampling used for this statement (level=2)
     

    remote的信息展示


    PARALLEL信息展示

     SELECT
      *
    FROM
      TABLE(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_CURSOR('1ms60dn34wyy0',0,'ADVANCED'));
    
    SQL_ID  1ms60dn34wyy0, child number 0
    -------------------------------------
    select /*+PARALLEL(4)*/ ENAME from emp e, DEPT  d where 
    e.deptno=d.deptno
     
    Plan hash value: 2873591275
     
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    | Id  | Operation            | Name     | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |    TQ  |IN-OUT| PQ Distrib |
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    |   0 | SELECT STATEMENT     |          |       |       |     2 (100)|          |        |      |            |
    |   1 |  PX COORDINATOR      |          |       |       |            |          |        |      |            |
    |   2 |   PX SEND QC (RANDOM)| :TQ10000 |    14 |   280 |     2   (0)| 00:00:01 |  Q1,00 | P->S | QC (RAND)  |
    |   3 |    PX BLOCK ITERATOR |          |    14 |   280 |     2   (0)| 00:00:01 |  Q1,00 | PCWC |            |
    |*  4 |     TABLE ACCESS FULL| EMP      |    14 |   280 |     2   (0)| 00:00:01 |  Q1,00 | PCWP |            |
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
    Query Block Name / Object Alias (identified by operation id):
    -------------------------------------------------------------
     
       1 - SEL$F7859CDE
       4 - SEL$F7859CDE / E@SEL$1
     
    Outline Data
    -------------
     
      /*+
          BEGIN_OUTLINE_DATA
          IGNORE_OPTIM_EMBEDDED_HINTS
          OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE('11.2.0.3')
          DB_VERSION('11.2.0.3')
          ALL_ROWS
          SHARED(4)
          OUTLINE_LEAF(@"SEL$F7859CDE")
          ELIMINATE_JOIN(@"SEL$1" "D"@"SEL$1")
          OUTLINE(@"SEL$1")
          FULL(@"SEL$F7859CDE" "E"@"SEL$1")
          END_OUTLINE_DATA
      */
     
    Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
    ---------------------------------------------------
     
       4 - access(:Z>=:Z AND :Z<=:Z)
           filter("E"."DEPTNO" IS NOT NULL)
     
    Column Projection Information (identified by operation id):
    -----------------------------------------------------------
     
       1 - "ENAME"[VARCHAR2,10]
       2 - (#keys=0) "ENAME"[VARCHAR2,10]
       3 - "ENAME"[VARCHAR2,10]
       4 - "ENAME"[VARCHAR2,10]
     
    Note
    -----
       - dynamic sampling used for this statement (level=2)
       - Degree of Parallelism is 4 because of hint
     

    note信息

    Note
    -----
       - dynamic sampling used for this statement (level=2)
       - Degree of Parallelism is 4 because of hint
    
    
    Note
    -----
     - SQL profile “SQL_PROF_896fbd4yjghj8" used for this
    statement
    
    11g出现的基数评估
    Note
    -----
     - Cardinality feedback used

    输出指标的全部说明

    指标参数 说明
    通用内容  
    ID 执行计划中每个步骤的标识符,如果前缀*,在谓词部分有谓词信息
    operation 行源的操作方式
    name 对象名称:表、索引、视图等
    CB0 解析时间信息  
    rows 通过行源操作优化器评估的行返回的数量,来源操作对象的统计信息
    Bytes 优化器评估的返回的数据量
    tempspc 优化器评估临时空间的使用率
    Cost(%CPU) 优化器行源操作的代价,CPU百分比代价给于()中独立的行源操作
    time 评估需要执行这个操作的时间量,单位HH:MI: SS
    分区  
    Pstart 第一个分区数目被访问
    Pstop 最后一个分区数目被访问
    并行处理  
    TQ 表队列使用处理
    IN-OUT 并行操作的关联
    PQ Distrib 由服务器端使用分配并发送数据给客户端
    真正运行统计信息  
    Starts 多少次数数目操作被执行(核对更多嵌套循环操作)
    A-ROWS 行返回的真实数目
    A-TIMES 真实的时间量花费在执行这个操作上
    I/O统计信息  
    buffers 当每个步骤执行,逻辑读取操作执行
    read 物理读取执行每个操作步骤
    write 物理写入执行
    内存使用统计  
     OMem 最佳执行计划评估需要的内存(字节) 
     1Mem 1次通过执行评估需要的内存(字节) 
     0/1/M  通过最佳/1次通过/多模式执行的次数
     Used-Mem 当最后一次执行这个操作使用的内存量(字节) 
     Used-Tmp 最后执行这个操作使用的临时空间的量(KB) 
    Max-Tmp 这个操作最大的使用临时空间量(KB)

    DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_AWR输出awr中的历史执行计划,不在重复说明


    限制说明

    DISPLAY_AWR不能存储谓词信息

    awr中没有存储全部的SQL语句,导致一些语句无法查看到历史的执行计划

    DISPLAY_CURor在rac环境下,不能全部显示,只显示连接的节点,需要查看另外节点的话,连接到另一个节点

    显示真实时间的统计信息需要SQL语句运行完成(需要长时间运行查询)

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/gull/p/5564276.html
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