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  • strin 字符串的内置函数

    count("x")统计字符串的元素的个数
    a = "hello kitty"
    print (a.count("t"))#统计t出现的个数
    输出结果:
    2
    endswith("x")判断以某个字符结尾
    a = "python"
    print (a.endswith("n"))
    print (a.endswith("on"))
    print (a.endswith("hon"))
    print (a.endswith("nn"))
    输出结果:
    True
    True
    True
    False
    startswith("x")判断以某个字符开头
    a = "python"
    print (a.startswith("p"))
    print (a.startswith("py"))
    print (a.startswith("pyt"))
    print (a.startswith("pp"))
    输出结果:
    True
    True
    True
    False
    capitalize()把字符串首写字母大写
    a = "python"
    print (a.capitalize())
    输出结果:
    Python
    upper()将字符串里的小写变成大写
    a = "python"
    print (a.upper())
    输出结果:
    PYTHON
    lower()把字符串大写变成小写
    a = "PYTHON"
    print (a.lower())
    输出结果:
    python
    swapcase()把字符串里的大小写反转
    a = "PyThoN"
    print (a.swapcase())
    输出结果:
    pYtHOn
    isupper()判断字符串是否大写
    a = "python"
    a1 = "PYTHON"
    
    print (a.isupper())
    print (a1.isupper())
    输出结果:
    False
    True
    islower()判断字符串是否小写
    a = "python"
    a1 = "PYTHON"
    print (a.islower())
    print (a1.islower())
    输出结果:
    True
    False
    isalnum()-判断字符串是否是字母或者数字
    a = "python"
    a1 = "123"
    a2 = "python123"
    a3 = "中国"
    a4 = "#$###"
    print (a.isalnum())
    print (a1.isalnum())
    print (a2.isalnum())
    print (a3.isalnum())
    print (a4.isalnum())
    输出结果:
    True
    True
    True
    True
    False
    istitle()判断首写字母是否为大写
    a = "python"
    a1 = "Python"
    a2 = "PYTHON"
    
    print (a.istitle())
    print (a1.istitle())
    print (a2.istitle())
    输出结果:
    False
    True
    Fals
    strip()把字符串左右空格去掉
    a = " python "
    print (a.strip())
    输出结果:
    python #已经将左右空格去掉了,这样看不出来
    ----------------------
    strip()也会把
    换行去掉
    a = "python
    "
    a1 = "hello"
    print (a.strip()) #strip()把换行去掉了
    print (a1)
    输出结果:
    python
    hello
    ----------------------
    a = "python
    "
    a1 = "hello"
    print (a)#不使用strip(),将会换行
    print (a1)
    输出结果:
    python
    
    hello
    lstrip()去掉字符串左空格
    a = " python "
    print (a.strip())
    输出结果:
    python  #最后面这有空格,这样看不出来
    rstrip()去掉字符串右空格
    a = "  python   "
    print (a.rstrip())
    输出结果:
      python  #已经将右边空格去掉了,这看不出来
    replace(old,new) 把字符串的内容替换掉
    a = "my tang"
    print (a.replace("tang", "guo"))
    输出结果:
    my guo
    split(分割符,分割次数)对字符串进行各种分割
    a = "my 
    tang         guo
    li"
    print (a.split())#不指定以什么分割的情况下,会默认所有的空格,换行,制表符分割
    输出结果:
    ['my', 'tang', 'guo', 'li']
    -------------------------------------
    a = "my tang guo"
    print (a.split(" ")) #以空格进行分割
    输出结果:
    ['my', 'tang', 'guo']
    --------------------------------------
    a = "my tang guo li"
    print (a.split(" ",2))#以空格进行分割2次
    输出结果:
    ['my', 'tang', 'guo li']
    ---------------------------------------
    a = "my tang guo li"
    print (a.split("a"))#以 a进行分割,a会被切掉
    输出结果:
    ['my t', 'ng guo li']
    --------------------------------------
    可以指定多个字符进行分割
    a = "my tang guo li"
    print ((a.split("an"))#以 an进行分割,an会被切掉
    ["my t" ,"g guo li"]
    ----------------------------------------
    isdigit()判断字符串是否为整型
    a = "python"
    a1 = "123"
    print (a.isdigit())
    print (a1.isdigit())
    输出结果:
    True
    False
    rfind("x")查找元素所在的索引位置,从右向左开始找,找到的第一个元素位置
    a = "htp"
    a1 = "http"
    print (a.rfind("t"))
    print (a1.rfind("t"))
    输出结果:
    1
    2
    -----------------------------------------------------------------
    find("x")从左向右开始找元素,找到的第一个位置,并返回索引位置
    a = "htp"
    a1 = "http"
    print (a.find("t"))
    print (a1.find("t"))
    输出结果:
    1
    1
    index("x")从左向右开始找元素的位置,
    a = "ppython"
    print (a.index("p")) #有多个相同元素时,返回的是第一个找到的索素值
    输出结果:
    0
    find 与 index看上去功能一样,其实是有区别的
    a = "python"
    print (a.index(x))
    index 在没有找到子串的时候会报错(
    ValueError: substring not found),影响程序执行。
    print (a.find("x"))
    find 在没有找到子串时,不会报错,而是会返回-1所以不会影响执行。
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/guog1/p/8367274.html
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