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  • Linux中搭建HTTP服务器

    1、配置IP

    [root@localhost~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

    DEVICE=eth0

    BOOTPROTO=static

    ONBOOT=yes

    HWADDR=00:0c:29:5d:a8:80

    IPADDR=192.168.126.133

    NETMASK=255.255.255.0

    2、配置主机名

    [root@localhost~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network

    NETWORKING=yes

    NETWORKING_IPV6=yes

    HOSTNAME=web.gx.com

    3、修改hosts文件

    [root@localhost~]# cat /etc/hosts

    127.0.0.1               localhost.localdomain localhost

    ::1             localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6

    192.168.10.253  web.gx.com        web

    [root@localhost~]# service network restart

    [root@localhost~]# chkconfig network on

    4、软件包的安装

    [root@localhost~]# rpm -q httpd

    package httpd is not installed

    [root@localhost~]# yum -y install httpd

    5、启动服务

    [root@localhost~]# service httpd restart

    [root@localhost~]# chkconfig httpd on

    试验二:基本HTTP服务器的配置

         Web服务器域名:www.gx.com

         默认首页包括:index.html、index.*

         开启保持连接 

         网站用自己的静态网页musicapp测试

    服务器操作:

    1、备份主配置文件

    [root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/httpd/conf

    [root@localhost conf]# cp httpd.conf httpd.conf.bak

    2、修改主配置文件

    [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

    ...

     74 KeepAlive On

    ...

    265 ServerName www.gx.com:80

    ...

    391 DirectoryIndex index.html index.php

    ...

    3、启动服务

    [root@localhost ~]# service httpd restart

    [root@localhost ~]# chkconfig httpd on

    将musicapp文件夹中的文件全部拷贝到/var/www/html/下

    4.修改客户端hosts文件

    192.168.126.133         www.gx.com

    [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/hosts

    5.经测试发现通过本机IP192.168.126.133不能访问,网上查找后删除/etc/httpd/conf.d/welcome.conf

    6.打开浏览器访问   http://www.gx.com

    3、新建authdir站点,只允许某个IP192.168.126.135访问www.gx.com,允许所有人访问www.gx.com/authdir

    [root@web ~]# mkdir /var/www/html/authdir

    [root@web ~]# echo "http://www.gx.com/authdir/index.html" >  /var/www/html/authdir/index.html

    [root@web ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

    ...

    337 <Directory /var/www/html/authdir>

    338         Order allow,deny

    339         Allow from all

    340 </Directory>

    [root@localhost ~]# service httpd restart

    在不同客户端测试

    [root@localhost ~]# tail /var/log/httpd/error_log

     

    试验四:HTTP的用户授权

         客户端访问http://www.gx.com/authdir需要输入用户名密码验证

    1、修改主配置文件

    [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

    ...

    337 <Directory "/var/www/html/authdir">

    338         Order allow,deny

    339         Allow from all

    340         AuthName "Please Input Password!!"

    341         AuthType Basic

    342         AuthUserFile "/etc/httpd/.vuser"

    343         Require valid-user

    344 </Directory>

    ...

    2、创建账户密码

    [root@localhost ~]# htpasswd -c /etc/httpd/.vuser admin

    New password:

    Re-type new password:

    Adding password for user admin

    3、启动服务测试

    [root@localhost ~]# service httpd restart

    http://www.gx.com/authdir

    实验五:HTTP目录别名    

    客户端访问http://www.gx.com/baidu时可以访问/var/www/html/baidu.com/bbs下的网页

    1、创建测试站点

    [root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /var/www/html/baidu.com/bbs

    [root@localhost ~]# cat /var/www/html/baidu.com/bbs/index.html

    <html>

    <head><title>This is a test Page!!!</title></head>

    <body>

    <h1>This is bbs.baidu.com test Page!!!</h1>

    </body>

    </html>

    2、修改主配置文件

    [root@localhost ~]# tail -n 1 /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

    Alias /baidu     "/var/www/html/baidu.com/bbs"

    3、启动服务测试

    [root@web01 ~]# service httpd restart

    http://www.gx.com/baidu

     

    实验六:查看默认HTTP使用进程管理方式       更改默认进程管理方式为worker模式

    [root@localhost ~]# httpd -l

    Compiled in modules:                                   

      core.c

      prefork.c

      http_core.c

      mod_so.c

    [root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/sbin/

    [root@localhost sbin]# mv httpd httpd.prefork

    [root@localhost sbin]# mv httpd.worker httpd

    [root@localhost sbin]# service httpd restart

    [root@localhost sbin]# httpd -l

    Compiled in modules:

      core.c

      worker.c

      http_core.c

      mod_so.c

     

    试验七:部署Awstats统计Http访问日志

    1、安装软件(软件在/usr/src下)

    [root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/

    [root@localhost src]# tar -zxvf awstats-7.1.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

    [root@localhost src]# cd /usr/local/

    [root@localhost local]# mv awstats-7.1/ awstats

    [root@localhost local]# cd awstats/tools/

    [root@localhost tools]# ./awstats_configure.pl

    ...

    Config file path ('none' to skip web server setup):

    > /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf    //输入apache的主配置文件

    ...

    -----> Need to create a new config file ?

    Do you want me to build a new AWStats config/profile

    file (required if first install) [y/N] ? y   //生成awstats的配置文件

    ...

    Your web site, virtual server or profile name:

    > www.gx.com            //输入你的web服务器名字

    ...

    Default: /etc/awstats

    Directory path to store config file(s) (Enter for default):

    >

    ...

    /usr/local/awstats/tools/awstats_updateall.pl now

    Press ENTER to continue...

    ...

    Press ENTER to finish...

    2、修改主配置文件

    [root@localhost tools]# vim /etc/awstats/awstats.www.gx.com.conf

    ...

      51 LogFile="/var/log/httpd/access_log"

    [root@localhost tools]# mkdir /var/lib/awstats

    3、将日志文件导入Awstats

    [root@localhost tools]# ./awstats_updateall.pl now

    [root@localhost tools]# crontab -l

    ----------------------------------------------

      输入该命令出现错误提示no crontab for root

      这个问题非常简单,同样在 root 用户下输入 crontab -e 按 Esc 按: wq   回车

      在输入 crontab -l 就没有问题了

      主要原因是由于这个liunx服务器 第一次使用 crontab ,还没有生成对应的文件导致的,执行了 编辑(crontab -e)后 就生成了这个文件

    ----------------------------------------------

    [root@localhost tools]# service crond restart

    [root@localhost tools]# chkconfig crond on

    4、验证:

    http://www.gx.com/awstats/awstats.pl?config=www.gx.com

    补充:

    通过html代码实现网页跳转功能

    [root@localhost tools]# cat /var/www/html/awstats.html

    <html>

    <head><meta http-equiv=refresh content="0;  url=http://www.gx.com/awstats/awstats.pl? config=www.gx.com">

    </head>

    <body>

    </body>

    </html>

    验证:

    http://www.gx.com/awstats.html 

     

    实验八:基于域名的虚拟主机

    www.baidu.com   192.168.126.133   baidu网站    

    www.sohu.com    192.168.126.133   sohu网站

    1、修改主配置文件新建一个配置文件(虚似主机配置专用)

    [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/virt.conf

    NameVirtualHost *:80

    <VirtualHost *:80>

    DocumentRoot /var/www/baidu

    ServerName www.baidu.comE

    rrorLog logs/www.baidu.com-error_log

    CustomLog logs/www.baidu.com-access_log common

    </VirtualHost>

    <VirtualHost *:80>

    DocumentRoot /var/www/sohu

    ServerName www.sohu.com

    ErrorLog logs/www.sohu.com-error_log

    CustomLog logs/www.sohu.com-access_log common

    </VirtualHost>

    创建网站目录和文件

    [root@localhost ~]# mkdir /var/www/{baidu,sohu}

    [root@localhost ~]# cat /var/www/baidu/index.html

    <h1>www.baidu.com</h1>

    [root@localhost ~]# cat /var/www/sohu/index.html

    <h1>www.sohu.com</h1>

    [root@localhost ~]# service httpd restart

    验证:先在客户端修改hosts文件

    192.168.126.133         www.baidu.com

    192.168.126.133         www.sohu.com

     

    实验九:基于端口的虚拟主机    

    192.168.126.133:8081              baidu网站    

    192.168.126.133:8082              sohu网站

    2、修改主配置文件新建一个配置文件(虚似主机配置专用)

    [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/virt.conf

    Listen 8081     //激活端口

    Listen 8082

    <VirtualHost *:8081>

    DocumentRoot /var/www/baidu

    ServerName 192.168.126.133

    ErrorLog logs/www.baidu.com-error_log

    CustomLog logs/www.baidu.com-access_log common

    </VirtualHost>

    <VirtualHost *:8082>

    DocumentRoot /var/www/sohu

    ServerName 192.168.10.253

    ErrorLog logs/www.sohu.com-error_log

    CustomLog logs/www.sohu.com-access_log common

    </VirtualHost>

    2、启动服务

    [root@localhost ~]# service httpd restart

     

    实验十:配置HTTP支持php

    1、安装php

    [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install php

    [root@localhost ~]# cat /var/www/baidu/test.php

    <?php                                              //PHP测试页

    phpinfo();

    ?>

    [root@localhost ~]# service httpd restart

    测试:

    http://192.168.126.133:8081/test.php

     

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/guxiong/p/7201344.html
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