Web Service（下）

4.WSDL文档

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<wsdl:definitions xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
	xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" 
	xmlns:tns="http://ws.day01_ws.atguigu.com/"
	xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" 
	xmlns:ns1="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"
	name="HelloWSImplService" 
	targetNamespace="http://ws.day01_ws.atguigu.com/">
	<!-- 
		types 
			schema : 定义了一些标签结构
	 -->
	<wsdl:types>
		<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
			xmlns:tns="http://ws.day01_ws.atguigu.com/" elementFormDefault="unqualified"
			targetNamespace="http://ws.day01_ws.atguigu.com/" version="1.0">
			
			<!-- 
				//用于请求
				<sayHello>
					<arg0>string</arg0>
				</sayHello>
					<q0:sayHello>
						<arg0>BB</arg0> 
					</q0:sayHello>
					
				//用于响应
				<sayHelloResponse>
					<return>string</return>
				</sayHelloResponse>
					<ns2:sayHelloResponse">
						<return>Hello BB</return> 
					</ns2:sayHelloResponse>
			 -->
			
			<xs:element name="sayHello" type="tns:sayHello" />
			<xs:element name="sayHelloResponse" type="tns:sayHelloResponse" />
			<xs:complexType name="sayHello">
				<xs:sequence>
					<xs:element minOccurs="0" name="arg0" type="xs:string" />
				</xs:sequence>
			</xs:complexType>
			<xs:complexType name="sayHelloResponse">
				<xs:sequence>
					<xs:element minOccurs="0" name="return" type="xs:string" />
				</xs:sequence>
			</xs:complexType>
		</xs:schema>
	</wsdl:types>
	
	
	<!-- 
		message: 用来定义消息的结构   soap消息
			part : 指定引用types中定义的标签片断
	 -->
	
	<wsdl:message name="sayHelloResponse">
		<wsdl:part element="tns:sayHelloResponse" name="parameters">
		</wsdl:part>
	</wsdl:message>
	<wsdl:message name="sayHello">
		<wsdl:part element="tns:sayHello" name="parameters">
		</wsdl:part>
	</wsdl:message>
	
	
	<!-- 
		portType: 用来定义服务器端的SEI（WebService EndPoint Interface）
			operation : 用来指定SEI中的处理请求的方法
				input : 指定客户端应用传过来的数据，　会引用上面的定义的＜message＞
				output :　指定服务器端返回给客户端的数据，　会引用上面的定义的＜message＞
	 -->
	<wsdl:portType name="HelloWS">
		<wsdl:operation name="sayHello">
			<wsdl:input message="tns:sayHello" name="sayHello">
			</wsdl:input>
			<wsdl:output message="tns:sayHelloResponse" name="sayHelloResponse">
			</wsdl:output>
		</wsdl:operation>
	</wsdl:portType>
	
	<!-- 
		binding : 用于定义SEI的实现类
			type属性: 引用上面的<portType>
			<soap:binding style="document"> : 绑定的数据是一个document(xml)
			operation : 用来定义实现的方法
				<soap:operation style="document" /> 传输的是document(xml)
				input: 指定客户端应用传过来的数据
					<soap:body use="literal" /> : 文本数据
				output :　指定服务器端返回给客户端的数据
					<soap:body use="literal" /> : 文本数据
	 -->
	
	<wsdl:binding name="HelloWSImplServiceSoapBinding" type="tns:HelloWS">
		<soap:binding style="document"
			transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" />
		<wsdl:operation name="sayHello">
			<soap:operation soapAction="" style="document" />
			<wsdl:input name="sayHello">
				<soap:body use="literal" />
			</wsdl:input>
			<wsdl:output name="sayHelloResponse">
				<soap:body use="literal" />
			</wsdl:output>
		</wsdl:operation>
	</wsdl:binding>
	
	<!-- 
		service : 一个webservice的容器
			name属性: 它用来指定客户端容器类
			port : 用来指定一个服务器端处理请求的入口(就SEI的实现)
				binding属性: 引用上面定义的<binding>
				address : 当前webservice的请求地址
	 -->
	<wsdl:service name="HelloWSImplService">
		<wsdl:port binding="tns:HelloWSImplServiceSoapBinding" name="HelloWSImplPort">
			<soap:address location="http://192.168.1.108:8888/day01_ws/hellows" />
		</wsdl:port>
	</wsdl:service>
</wsdl:definitions>

请求Web Service

import com.atguigu.day01_ws.ws.HelloWS;
import com.atguigu.day01_ws.ws.HelloWSImplService;

public class ClientTest {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		HelloWSImplService factory = new HelloWSImplService();
		HelloWS hellWS = factory.getHelloWSImplPort();
		String result = hellWS.sayHello("BOB");
		System.out.println("client "+result);
	}
}

WSDL文档结构

<definitions>
	<types>
		<xs:schema>
			<xs:element>
		</xs:schema>
	</types>
	
	<message>
		<part>
	</message>
	
	<portType>
		<operation>
			<input>
			<output>
		</operation>
	</portType>
	
	<binding>
		<soap:binding/>
		<operation>
			<input>
			<output>
		</operation>
	</binding>
	
	<service>
		<port>
			<soap:address location="" />
		</port>
	</service>
</definitions>

WSDL文档图解

5.使用框架开发Web Service

Apache CXF继承了 Celtix 和 XFire 两大开源项目的精华，提供了对JAX-WS全面的支持，并且提供了多种 Binding 、DataBinding、Transport 以及各种 Format 的支持，并且可以根据实际项目的需要，采用代码优先（Code First）或者 WSDL 优先（WSDL First）来轻松地实现 Web Services 的发布和使用。
Apache CXF支持的数据类型有：int、float、String、自定义类型、集合、数组、List、Set、Map。

5.1 Web Service的请求流程

使用Apache CXF框架开发Web Service需要将相关的jar包导入到项目的类路径下，并且客户端使用wsdl2java命令生成客户端代码。

5.2 Apache CXF的拦截器

为了在Web Service请求过程中，能动态操作请求和响应数据，Apache CXF设计了拦截器。

package org.apache.cxf.interceptor;

import org.apache.cxf.message.Message;

/**
 * Base interface for all interceptors.
 */
public interface Interceptor<T extends Message> {
    /**
     * Intercepts a message. 
     * Interceptors should NOT invoke handleMessage or handleFault
     * on the next interceptor - the interceptor chain will
     * take care of this.
     * 
     * @param message
     */
    void handleMessage(T message) throws Fault;
    
    /**
     * Called for all interceptors (in reverse order) on which handleMessage
     * had been successfully invoked, when normal execution of the chain was
     * aborted for some reason.
     * 
     * @param message
     */
    void handleFault(T message);

}

5.3 用Apache CXF编写基于Spring的Web Service

5.3.1 服务器端

beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws">
  
  
  <!-- 引cxf的一些核心配置 -->
   <import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf.xml" /> 
   <import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf-extension-soap.xml" />
   <import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf-servlet.xml" /> 
   
   <jaxws:endpoint 
     id="orderWS" 
     implementor="com.atguigu.day02_ws_cxf_spring.ws.OrderWSImpl" 
     address="/orderws">
     	<!-- <jaxws:inInterceptors>
     		<bean class="com.atguigu.day01_ws.interceptor.CheckUserInterceptor"></bean>
     	</jaxws:inInterceptors> -->
    </jaxws:endpoint>
     
</beans>

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
  <display-name>day02_ws_cxf_spring</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  
  <!-- 配置beans.xml -->
  <context-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:beans.xml</param-value>
   </context-param>
   
   <!-- 
   		应用启动的一个监听器
    -->
   <listener>
      <listener-class>
         org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
      </listener-class>
   </listener>
   
   <!-- 
   		所有请求都会先经过cxf框架
    -->
   <servlet>
      <servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name>
      <servlet-class>
         org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet
      </servlet-class>
      <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
   </servlet>
   <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name>
      <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

5.3.2 客户端

client-beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
   	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
	http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws">
	<jaxws:client id="orderClient" 
		serviceClass= "com.atguigu.day02_ws_cxf_spring.ws.OrderWS" 
		address= "http://localhost/day02_ws_cxf_spring/orderws">
		
		
		<jaxws:outInterceptors>
			<bean class="org.apache.cxf.interceptor.LoggingOutInterceptor"/>
			<bean class="com.atguigu.day01_ws_cxf_client.interceptor.AddUserInterceptor">
				<constructor-arg name="name" value="xfzhang"/>
				<constructor-arg name="password" value="123456"/>
			</bean>
		</jaxws:outInterceptors>
	</jaxws:client>
</beans>

测试

public class ClientTest {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[]  {"client-beans.xml"});
		OrderWS orderWS = (OrderWS) context.getBean("orderClient");
		Order order = orderWS.getOrderById(24);
		System.out.println(order);
	}
}

5.4 通过Ajax请求Web Service

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
	pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">	
	 function reqWebService() {
		var name = document.getElementById("name").value;
		var data = '<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"><soap:Body><ns2:sayHello xmlns:ns2="http://ws.day01_ws.atguigu.com/"><arg0>'+name+'</arg0></ns2:sayHello></soap:Body></soap:Envelope>';
		//XMLHttpRequest对象
		var request = getRequest();
		request.onreadystatechange = function(){
			if(request.readyState==4 && request.status==200) {
				var result = request.responseXML;
				alert(result);
				var returnEle = result.getElementsByTagName("return")[0];
				var value = returnEle.firstChild.data;
				alert(value);
			}
		};
		
		request.open("POST", "http://192.168.10.165:8888/day01_ws/datatypews");
		
		request.setRequestHeader("Content-type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
		
		request.send(data);
	}

	function getRequest() {
		var xmlHttp = null;
		try {
			// Firefox, Opera 8.0+, Safari  chrome
			xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
		} catch (e) {
			// Internet Explorer
			try {
				xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP");
			} catch (e) {
				xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
			}
		}
		return xmlHttp;
	} 
</script>
</head>
<body>
	用户名:
	<input id="name" name="username" value="" />
	<br>
	<button onclick="reqWebService()">AJax请求webservice</button>
</body>
</html>

5.4.1 通过JQuery请求Web Service

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
	pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="jquery-1.7.2.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">

	$(function(){		
		$("#btn").click(function(){ //回调函数
			var name = document.getElementById("name").value;
			var data = '<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"><soap:Body><ns2:sayHello xmlns:ns2="http://ws.day01_ws.atguigu.com/"><arg0>'+name+'</arg0></ns2:sayHello></soap:Body></soap:Envelope>';
			//alert(data);
			/* $.post(
				"http://192.168.10.165:8888/day01_ws/datatypews",
				data,
				function(msg){
					alert("------");
					var $Result = $(msg);
					var value = $Result.find("return").text();
					alert(value);
				},
				"xml"
			); */
			
			$.ajax({
				type : "post",
				url : "http://192.168.10.165:8888/day01_ws/datatypews",
				data : data,
				success : function(msg){
					alert("------");
					var $Result = $(msg);
					var value = $Result.find("return").text();
					alert(value);
				},
				error : function(msg) {
					//alert("-----"+msg);
				},
				dataType : "xml"
			});
		});
	});
</script>
</head>
<body>
	用户名:
	<input id="name" name="username" value="" />
	<br>
	<button id="btn">Jquery请求webservice</button>
</body>
</html>

5.4.2 HttpUrlConnection请求WebService

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
	pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="jquery-1.7.2.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">

	$(function(){		
		$("#btn2").click(function(){
			var name = document.getElementById("name").value;
			$.post(
				"HttpURLConnectionServlet",
				"name="+name,
				function(msg) {
					//alert(msg);
					var $Result = $(msg);
					var value = $Result.find("return").text();
					alert(value);
				},
				"xml"
			);
		});
	});
</script>
</head>
<body>
	用户名:
	<input id="name" name="username" value="" />
	<br>
	<button id="btn2">HttpURLConnection请求webservice</button>
</body>
</html>

public class HttpURLConnectionServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		String name = request.getParameter("name");
		System.out.println("doPost "+name);
		
		String data = "<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/'><soap:Body><ns2:sayHello xmlns:ns2='http://ws.day01_ws.atguigu.com/'><arg0>"+name+"</arg0></ns2:sayHello></soap:Body></soap:Envelope>";
		URL url = new URL("http://192.168.10.165:8888/day01_ws/datatypews");
		
		HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
		
		connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
		connection.setDoOutput(true);
		connection.setDoInput(true);
		connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=utf-8");
		
		OutputStream os = connection.getOutputStream();
		os.write(data.getBytes("utf-8"));
		
		int responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();
		if(responseCode==200) {
			InputStream is = connection.getInputStream();//String xml
			System.out.println("return "+is.available());
			
			response.setContentType("text/xml;charset=utf-8");
			ServletOutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream();
			
			byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
			int len = 0;
			while((len=is.read(buffer))>0) {
				outputStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
			}
			outputStream.flush();
		}
	}

}