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  • 【SpringBoot】SpringBoot Servlet容器(十一)

    嵌入式Servlet容器

      新建一个SpringBoot Web项目,可以看到依赖,SpringBoot默认使用Tomcat作为嵌入式的Servlet容器;

      

      1、定制和修改嵌入式Servlet容器的相关配置

        1、修改和server有关的配置(ServerProperties【也是EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer】);

     1 # 项目端口
     2 server.port=8081
     3 # 项目访问路径
     4 server.servlet.context-path=/test
     5 # tomcat编码
     6 server.tomcat.uri-encoding=UTF-8
     7 
     8 # 通用的Servlet容器设置
     9 # server.xxx
    10 
    11 # Tomcat的设置
    12 # server.tomcat.xxx

        2、编写一个EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer:嵌入式的Servlet容器的定制器;来修改Servlet容器的 配置

     1 //定制器加入到容器中
     2 @Bean
     3 public WebServerFactoryCustomizer<ConfigurableWebServerFactory> webServerFactoryCustomizer() {
     4     return new WebServerFactoryCustomizer<ConfigurableWebServerFactory>() {
     5 
     6         //定制嵌入式的Servlet容器相关的规则
     7         @Override
     8         public void customize(ConfigurableWebServerFactory factory) {
     9             factory.setPort(8083);
    10         }
    11     };
    12 }

       2、替换为其他嵌入式Servlet容器

        主要有三种嵌入式Servlet容器:Tomcat,Jetty(支持长链接),Undertow(不支持JSP)

        a、Tomcat(默认使用)

          引入web模块默认就是使用嵌入式的Tomcat作为Servlet容器;

    1 <dependency>
    2     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    3     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    4 </dependency>

        b、Jetty

     1 <!-- 引入Web模块 -->
     2 <dependency>
     3     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     4     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
     5     <!--<exclusions>-->
     6         <!--<exclusion>-->
     7             <!--<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>-->
     8             <!--<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>-->
     9         <!--</exclusion>-->
    10     <!--</exclusions>-->
    11 </dependency>
    12 
    13 <!-- 引入其他的Servlet容器 -->
    14 <dependency>
    15     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    16     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
    17 </dependency>

        c、undertow

     1 <!-- 引入Web模块 -->
     2 <dependency>
     3     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     4     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
     5     <!--<exclusions>-->
     6         <!--<exclusion>-->
     7             <!--<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>-->
     8             <!--<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>-->
     9         <!--</exclusion>-->
    10     <!--</exclusions>-->
    11 </dependency>
    12 
    13 <!-- 引入其他的Servlet容器 -->
    14 <dependency>
    15     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    16     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertow</artifactId>
    17 </dependency>
    View Code

      3、使用外置的Servlet容器

        嵌入式Servlet容器:应用打成可执行的jar

          优点:简单、便携;

          缺点:默认不支持JSP、优化定制比较复杂(使用定制器【ServerProperties、自定义WebServerFactoryCustomizer】,自己编写嵌入式Servlet容器的创建工厂 【WebServerFactoryCustomizer】);

        外置的Servlet容器:外面安装Tomcat---应用war包的方式打包;

        步骤

          a、创建一个SpringBoot War项目;

            

            pom.xml

     1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
     2 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
     3          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     4          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
     5     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
     6 
     7     <groupId>com.test</groupId>
     8     <artifactId>test-springboot-war</artifactId>
     9     <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    10     <packaging>war</packaging>
    11 
    12     <parent>
    13         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    14         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    15         <version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version>
    16     </parent>
    17 
    18     <properties>
    19 
    20         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    21         <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    22         <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    23     </properties>
    24 
    25     <dependencies>
    26 
    27         <dependency>
    28             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    29             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    30         </dependency>
    31 
    32         <dependency>
    33             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    34             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
    35             <scope>provided</scope>
    36         </dependency>
    37 
    38         <dependency>
    39             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    40             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    41             <scope>test</scope>
    42         </dependency>
    43 
    44     </dependencies>
    45 
    46 
    47     <!-- SpringBoot打包插件,可以将代码打包成一个可执行的jar包 -->
    48     <build>
    49         <plugins>
    50             <plugin>
    51                 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    52                 <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    53             </plugin>
    54         </plugins>
    55     </build>
    56 </project>
    View Code

         b、将嵌入式的Tomcat指定为provided;

    1 <dependency>
    2     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    3     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
    4     <scope>provided</scope>
    5 </dependency>

        c、必须编写一个SpringBootServletInitializer的子类 ServletInitializer.java,并重写configure方法

     1 package com.test.springboot;
     2 
     3 import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
     4 import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.support.SpringBootServletInitializer;
     5 
     6 public class ServletInitializer extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
     7 
     8     @Override
     9     protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
    10         return application.sources(Application.class);
    11     }
    12 
    13 } 

      4、外置的Servlet容器原理

        jar包:执行SpringBoot主类的main方法,启动ioc容器,创建嵌入式的Servlet容器;

        war包:启动服务器,服务器启动SpringBoot应用【SpringBootServletInitializer】,启动ioc容器;    

        servlet3.0(规范):  8.2.4 Shared libraries / runtimes pluggability: 规则:

        1)、服务器启动(web应用启动)会创建当前web应用里面每一个jar包里面ServletContainerInitializer实例: 

        2)、ServletContainerInitializer的实现放在jar包的META-INF/services文件夹下,有一个名为javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer的文件,内容就是ServletContainerInitializer的实现类的全类名 

        3)、还可以使用@HandlesTypes,在应用启动的时候加载我们感兴趣的类;

        流程

          1)、启动Tomcat

          2)、orgspringframeworkspring-web4.3.14.RELEASEspring-web-4.3.14.RELEASE.jar!META- INFservicesjavax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer:

            Spring的web模块里面有这个文件:org.springframework.web.SpringServletContainerInitializer 

          3)、SpringServletContainerInitializer将@HandlesTypes(WebApplicationInitializer.class)标注的所有这个类型的类都传入到onStartup方法的Set>;

            为这些WebApplicationInitializer类型的类创建实例; 

          4)、每一个WebApplicationInitializer都调用自己的onStartup;

          5)、相当于我们的SpringBootServletInitializer的类会被创建对象,并执行onStartup方法

          6)、SpringBootServletInitializer实例执行onStartup的时候会createRootApplicationContext;创建容器

     1 protected WebApplicationContext createRootApplicationContext(ServletContext servletContext) {
     2 
     3     //1、创建SpringApplicationBuilder
     4     SpringApplicationBuilder builder = createSpringApplicationBuilder();
     5     builder.main(getClass());
     6     ApplicationContext parent = getExistingRootWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
     7     if (parent != null) {
     8         this.logger.info("Root context already created (using as parent).");
     9         servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, null);
    10         builder.initializers(new ParentContextApplicationContextInitializer(parent));
    11     }
    12 
    13     builder.initializers(new ServletContextApplicationContextInitializer(servletContext));
    14     builder.contextClass(AnnotationConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext.class);
    15 
    16     //调用configure方法,子类重写了这个方法,将SpringBoot的主程序类传入了进来
    17     builder = configure(builder);
    18     //使用builder创建一个Spring应用
    19     builder.listeners(new WebEnvironmentPropertySourceInitializer(servletContext));
    20 
    21     SpringApplication application = builder.build();
    22     if (application.getAllSources().isEmpty()
    23             && AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(getClass(), Configuration.class) != null) {
    24         application.addPrimarySources(Collections.singleton(getClass()));
    25     }
    26     Assert.state(!application.getAllSources().isEmpty(),
    27             "No SpringApplication sources have been defined. Either override the "
    28                     + "configure method or add an @Configuration annotation");
    29     // Ensure error pages are registered
    30     if (this.registerErrorPageFilter) {
    31         application.addPrimarySources(Collections.singleton(ErrorPageFilterConfiguration.class));
    32     }
    33     //启动Spring应用
    34     return run(application);
    35 }
    View Code

          7)、Spring的应用就启动并且创建IOC容器

     1 public ConfigurableApplicationContext run(String... args) {
     2     StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();
     3     stopWatch.start();
     4     ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null;
     5     Collection<SpringBootExceptionReporter> exceptionReporters = new ArrayList<>();
     6     configureHeadlessProperty();
     7     SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = getRunListeners(args);
     8     listeners.starting();
     9     try {
    10         ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments(args);
    11         ConfigurableEnvironment environment = prepareEnvironment(listeners, applicationArguments);
    12         configureIgnoreBeanInfo(environment);
    13         Banner printedBanner = printBanner(environment);
    14         context = createApplicationContext();
    15         exceptionReporters = getSpringFactoriesInstances(SpringBootExceptionReporter.class,
    16                 new Class[] { ConfigurableApplicationContext.class }, context);
    17         prepareContext(context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments, printedBanner);
    18 
    19         //刷新IOC容器
    20         refreshContext(context);
    21         afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments);
    22         stopWatch.stop();
    23         if (this.logStartupInfo) {
    24             new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass).logStarted(getApplicationLog(), stopWatch);
    25         }
    26         listeners.started(context);
    27         callRunners(context, applicationArguments);
    28     }
    29     catch (Throwable ex) {
    30         handleRunFailure(context, ex, exceptionReporters, listeners);
    31         throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
    32     }
    33 
    34     try {
    35         listeners.running(context);
    36     }
    37     catch (Throwable ex) {
    38         handleRunFailure(context, ex, exceptionReporters, null);
    39         throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
    40     }
    41     return context;
    42 }
    View Code

          启动Servlet容器,再启动SpringBoot应用

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/h--d/p/12393302.html
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