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  • 【SpringCloud】Spring Cloud Alibaba 之 Sentinel @SentinelResource使用(三十三)

    项目准备

    项目架构如下:

      

    项目搭建

      参考:【SpringCloud】Spring Cloud Alibaba 之 Sentinel哨兵介绍入门(二十九) 

    1、搭建一个Nacos服务

      参考项目搭建,用于做项目的注册中心及配置中心,并启动

    2、搭建一个Sentinel控制台

      参考项目搭建,并启动

    3、搭建2个nacos-payment-provider服务

      参考项目搭建,springcloud-provider-sentinel-payment9003 和 springcloud-provider-sentinel-payment9004 项目

      

      项目中PaymentController,如下:

     1 @RestController
     2 public class PaymentController {
     3     @Value("${server.port}")
     4     private String serverPort;
     5 
     6     public static HashMap<Long, Payment> hashMap = new HashMap<Long, Payment>();
     7 
     8     static {
     9         hashMap.put(1L, new Payment(1L, "aaaaaa"));
    10         hashMap.put(2L, new Payment(2L, "bbbbbb"));
    11         hashMap.put(3L, new Payment(3L, "cccccc"));
    12     }
    13 
    14     @GetMapping(value = "/paymentSQL/{id}")
    15     public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
    16         Payment payment = hashMap.get(id);
    17         CommonResult<Payment> result = new CommonResult<Payment>(200, "from server port : " + serverPort, payment);
    18         return result;
    19     }
    20 }

      项目中有2个实体类,CommonResult实体类如下:

     1 @Data
     2 @AllArgsConstructor
     3 @NoArgsConstructor
     4 public class CommonResult<T> {
     5 
     6     private int code;
     7     private String msg;
     8     private T data;
     9 
    10     public CommonResult(int code, String msg) {
    11         this.code = code;
    12         this.msg = msg;
    13     }
    14 }

      Payment实体类

    1 @Data
    2 @AllArgsConstructor
    3 @NoArgsConstructor
    4 public class Payment {
    5     private Long id;
    6     private String serial;
    7 }

      然后分别启动2个服务

    3、搭建1个springcloud-consumer-sentinel-order7994服务(调用者)

      

      a、pom文件如下:

     1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
     2 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
     3          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     4          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
     5     <parent>
     6         <artifactId>test-springcloud</artifactId>
     7         <groupId>com.test</groupId>
     8         <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
     9     </parent>
    10     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    11 
    12     <artifactId>springcloud-consumer-sentinel-order7994</artifactId>
    13 
    14     <dependencies>
    15 
    16         <!-- alibaba nacos sentinel -->
    17         <dependency>
    18             <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
    19             <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
    20             <version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version>
    21             <exclusions>
    22                 <exclusion>
    23                     <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat</groupId>
    24                     <artifactId>jackson-dataformat-xml</artifactId>
    25                 </exclusion>
    26             </exclusions>
    27         </dependency>
    28 
    29         <!-- alibaba nacos -->
    30         <dependency>
    31             <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
    32             <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
    33         </dependency>
    34 
    35         <!-- openfeign -->
    36         <dependency>
    37             <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    38             <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
    39         </dependency>
    40 
    41         <!-- spring boot -->
    42         <dependency>
    43             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    44             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    45         </dependency>
    46         <dependency>
    47             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    48             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
    49         </dependency>
    50         <dependency>
    51             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    52             <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
    53             <scope>runtime</scope>
    54             <optional>true</optional>
    55         </dependency>
    56         <dependency>
    57             <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
    58             <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    59             <optional>true</optional>
    60         </dependency>
    61         <dependency>
    62             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    63             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    64             <scope>test</scope>
    65         </dependency>
    66 
    67     </dependencies>
    68 </project>
    View Code

      b、application配置文件如下:

     1 # 端口
     2 server:
     3   port: 7994
     4 
     5 spring:
     6   application:
     7     name: nacos-order-consumer
     8   cloud:
     9     nacos:
    10       discovery:
    11         server-addr: localhost:8848
    12     sentinel:
    13       transport:
    14         # 配置Sentinel DashBoard地址
    15         dashboard: localhost:8080
    16         # 应用与Sentinel控制台交互的端口,应用本地会起一个该端口占用的HttpServer
    17         # 默认8719端口,假如端口被占用,依次+1,直到找到未被占用端口
    18         port: 8719
    19 
    20 
    21 management:
    22   endpoints:
    23     web:
    24       exposure:
    25         include: '*'
    View Code

      c、主启动类OrderMain7994

    1 @SpringBootApplication
    2 @EnableDiscoveryClient
    3 //@EnableFeignClients
    4 public class OrderMain7994 {
    5     public static void main(String[] args) {
    6         SpringApplication.run(OrderMain7994.class, args);
    7     }
    8 }

      d、配置类AppConfig,整合Ribbon服务调用

    1 @Configuration
    2 public class AppConfig {
    3     @Bean
    4     @LoadBalanced
    5     public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
    6         return new RestTemplate();
    7     }
    8 }

      e、controller内容如下:

     1 @RestController
     2 @Slf4j
     3 public class CircleBreakerController {
     4     public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";
     5 
     6     @Autowired
     7     private RestTemplate restTemplate;
     8 
     9     @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
    10     public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
    11         CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/" + id, CommonResult.class);
    12         if (id == 4) {
    13             throw new IllegalArgumentException("IllegalArgumentException, 非法参数");
    14         } else if (result.getData() == null) {
    15             throw new NullPointerException("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应的记录,空指针异常");
    16         }
    17 
    18         return result;
    19     }
    20 
    21 }

    4、测试验证项目

      1)访问地址:http://localhost:7994/consumer/fallback/3,正常获取到provider服务提供者的内容

      

      2)访问地址:http://localhost:7994/consumer/fallback/4,抛异常,非法参数

      

      3)访问地址:http://localhost:7994/consumer/fallback/5,抛异常,空指针异常

      

    @SentinelResource使用

    1、@SentinelResource定义资源名

      1.1、修改CircleBreakerController中fallback方法,如下:

    1 @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
    2 @SentinelResource(value = "fallback") // 没有配置
    3 public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
    4     ...
    5 }

      1.2、重新启动项目

      1.3、访问地址http://localhost:7994/consumer/fallback/3,并在sentinel控制台设置限流规则

        注意这里设置规则的时候,可以直接使用@SentinelResource的value作为资源名

        

      1.4、快速访问地址http://localhost:7994/consumer/fallback/3,限流成功

        

    2、@SentinelResource 中的fallback

      fallback负责业务异常和限流时处理

      2.1、修改CircleBreakerController中fallback方法,如下:

     1 @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
     2 @SentinelResource(value = "fallback", fallback = "handlerFallback") // fallback负责业务异常和限流返回
     3 public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
     4     ...
     5 }
     6 
     7 public CommonResult<Payment> handlerFallback(Long id, Throwable e) {
     8     Payment payment = new Payment(id, "null");
     9     return new CommonResult(500, "兜底异常处理handlerFallback,Exception内容:" + e.getMessage(), payment);
    10 }  

      2.2、重新启动项目

      2.3、访问地址http://localhost:7994/consumer/fallback/4,出现异常由fallback指定的方法处理

        

      2.4、在sentinel控制台设置限流规则,设置QPS为阀值为1

      2.5、快速访问地址http://localhost:7994/consumer/fallback/3,限流成功,限流返回内容为fallback指定的方法

        

    3、@SentinelResource 中的blockHandler

      blockHandler只负责sentinel控制台配置违规

      3.1、修改CircleBreakerController中fallback方法,如下: 

     1 @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
     2 @SentinelResource(value = "fallback", blockHandler = "blockHandler") // blockHander只负责sentinel控制台配置违规
     3 public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
     4     ...
     5 }
     6 
     7 public CommonResult<Payment> handlerFallback(Long id, Throwable e) {
     8     Payment payment = new Payment(id, "null");
     9     return new CommonResult(500, "兜底异常处理handlerFallback,Exception内容:" + e.getMessage(), payment);
    10 }
    11 
    12 public CommonResult<Payment> blockHandler(Long id, BlockException blockException) {
    13     Payment payment = new Payment(id, "null");
    14     return new CommonResult(500, "blockHandler-Sentinel限流,Exception内容:" + blockException.getMessage(), payment);
    15 } 

      3.2、重新启动项目

      3.3、访问地址http://localhost:7994/consumer/fallback/4,返回参数非法异常

      3.4、在sentinel控制台设置限流规则,设置QPS为阀值为1

      3.4、快速访问地址http://localhost:7994/consumer/fallback/3,限流成功,限流返回内容为blockHandler指定的方法

        

    4、@SentinelResource 中的fallback和blockHandler同时存在

      fallback负责处理异常,blockHandler负责sentinel控制台配置违规

      4.1、修改CircleBreakerController中fallback方法,如下:

    1 @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
    2 @SentinelResource(value = "fallback", blockHandler = "blockHandler", fallback = "handlerFallback")
    3 public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
    4     ...
    5 }  

      4.2、重新启动项目

      4.3、访问地址http://localhost:7994/consumer/fallback/4,出现异常由fallback指定的方法处理

        

      4.4、在sentinel控制台设置限流规则,设置QPS为阀值为1

      4.4、快速访问地址http://localhost:7994/consumer/fallback/3,限流成功,限流返回内容为blockHandler指定的方法

        

    5、@SentinelResource 中的exceptionsToIgnore

      排除fallback指定的方法不处理的异常

      5.1、修改CircleBreakerController中fallback方法,如下:

    1 @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
    2 @SentinelResource(value = "fallback", blockHandler = "blockHandler", fallback = "handlerFallback",
    3         exceptionsToIgnore = {IllegalArgumentException.class})
    4 public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
    5     ...
    6 }

      5.2、重新启动项目

      5.3、访问地址http://localhost:7994/consumer/fallback/4,出现参数异常直接显示,fallback指定的方法不处理异常

        

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/h--d/p/12970060.html
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